A novel Method For On Road Emission Factor Measurements Using a Plume Capture Trailer

\Supplement:

Remote Measurement of Diesel Locomotive Emission Factors and Particle Size Distributions

G.R. JOHNSON¹, E.R. JAYARATNE¹, J LAU², V. THOMAS³, A.M. JUWONO^1,5, B KITCHEN⁴, L. MORAWSKA<sup>11

1</sup>International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia

²The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

³INSA de Lyon, Génie Energie et Environnement, Domaine Scientifique de la Doua, 69621 Villeurbanne, France

⁴Port of Brisbane Corporation, Locked Bag 1818, Brisbane, QLD 4178, Australia

⁵Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Diesel fuel in Australia is required to comply with the Australian Government regulations summarised in Table S1 (Orbital-Australia, 2010) which specifies the requirements concerning diesel fuel permitted for land based use in Australia during the period of measurement.

Table S1: Content data of Australian National Standard of diesel fuel

Parameter	Australian National Standard	Date of effect
Sulfur	500 ppm (max)	31 Dec 2002
	50 ppm (max)	1 Jan 2006
	10ppm (max)	1 Jan 2009
Cetane Index	46 (min) index	1 Jan 2002
Density	820 (min) to 860 (max) kg/m^3	1 Jan 2002
	820 (min) to 850 (max) kg/m^3	1 Jan 2006
Distillation T95	370°C (max)	1 Jan 2002
	360°C (max)	1 Jan 2006
PAHs	11 mass % (max)	1 Jan 2006
Ash	100 ppm (max)	1 Jan 2002
Viscosity	2.0 to 4.5 cSt @ 40°C	1 Jan 2002
Carbon Residue (10% distillation residue)	0.2 mass % (max)	16 Oct 2002
Water and sediment	0.05 vol % (max)	16 Oct 2002
Conductivity @ ambient temp	50 pS/m (Min) @ambient temp (all diesel held by a terminal or refinery for sale or distribution)	16 Oct 2002
Lubricity	0.460 mm (max) (all diesel containing less than 500ppm sulfur)	16 Oct 2002

The effect of the increased residence time due to the sample averaging reservoir on the measured NOx concentration, was tested by comparing the response of the NOx analyser to a range of NO challenge concentrations both upstream and downstream of the averaging reservoir while using the same total gas flow rate (0.057 L.s^-1) through the reservoir as in the rail side measurements. The comparison showed that for concentrations in the range 0-0.4 ppm, there was no measurable decrease in concentration due to the passage of the sample through the 5.2 L, 1000 mm long cylindrical copper reservoir.

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