PHASE I: Product is a conceptual design of a novel boom, sized to meet the needs of tactical receiver aircraft, which is controllable over the range of orientations relative to the tanker, and which is compact and stowable inside the outer mold lines of a tanker or a pod.
PHASE II: Technical substantiation and maturation of the conceptual design, possibly including subscale wind tunnel test to prove the control effector concept; mockups to show the integration, stowage, and actuation; high-fidelity simulation in a realistic flight environment (including for example gusts/wakes), and further detailed system design and systems engineering.
PHASE III DUAL USE APPLICATIONS: Anticipated applications (beyond aerial refueling booms) could include: aircraft primary control effector (for pitch, roll, or yaw control), high lift device, mothership/daughtership aerial retrieval mechanism, or aerial package dispenser.
REFERENCES:
1. Bolkcom, Christopher, “Air Force Aerial Refueling Methods: Flying Boom versus Hose-and-Drogue,” Congressional Research Service, 2006. Order code RL32910.
2. “Air Mobility Planning Factors,” AFPAM10-1403, 2011.
3. Dougherty, Stanley, “Air Refueling: The Cornerstone of Global Reach - Global Power,” Air University Air War College, AU/AWC/RWP076/96-04, 1996.
KEYWORDS: aerial refueling, boom, flow control, hose and drogue, morphing structure, actuation, tactical aircraft, UCAV
AF171-061
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TITLE: Micro Reactor Synthesis of Energetic Ionic Liquids
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TECHNOLOGY AREA(S): Materials/Processes
The technology within this topic is restricted under the International Traffic in Arms Regulation (ITAR), 22 CFR Parts 120-130, which controls the export and import of defense-related material and services, including export of sensitive technical data, or the Export Administration Regulation (EAR), 15 CFR Parts 730-774, which controls dual use items. Offerors must disclose any proposed use of foreign nationals (FNs), their country(ies) of origin, the type of visa or work permit possessed, and the statement of work (SOW) tasks intended for accomplishment by the FN(s) in accordance with section 5.4.c.(8) of the solicitation and within the AF Component-specific instructions. Offerors are advised foreign nationals proposed to perform on this topic may be restricted due to the technical data under US Export Control Laws. Please direct questions to the AF SBIR/STTR Contracting Officer, Ms. Gail Nyikon, gail.nyikon@us.af.mil.
OBJECTIVE: To develop a safe, low cost and continuously processed energetic ionic liquids and synthesizing the raw materials that are blended together to produce AF-M315E.
DESCRIPTION: Micro reactors, advanced flow glass reactors or miniaturized reaction systems offer many advantages because they have a large surface-to-volume ratio of miniaturized fluid components which allows for significantly enhanced process control and heat management. The resulting large surface-to-area volume ratio reduces or even eliminates heat and mass transfer resistances found in large reactor systems. Other advantages include shorter residence times, increased selectivity and yield. Also, safety and product quality is improved. Micro reactor production is considered a “green chemistry” because the reactors are self-contained with minimal emissions, require few reagents, and generate less waste. Energetic ionic liquids like HEHN and HAN are presently manufactured in batch quantities in chemical reactors that need stringent temperature and quality control measures. The raw materials like HEH and HAFB are toxic, require special handling procedures, and produce large quantities of waste. A micro flow reactor which runs continuously can safely produce production quantities of energetic ionic liquids in a walk-in laboratory hood while minimizing raw materials and waste products.
PHASE I: Develop a continuous processing procedure using micro flow reactor technology to produce the main ingredients that make up AF-M315E which include HEHN and HAN. We are also interested in the continuous flow synthesis of the raw materials that go into making the ionic liquids. The minimum production rate is 2.5 - 5 kg/hr. These materials will meet government and industrial quality specifications.
PHASE II: Refine and demonstrate a safe and robust micro flow reactor process to produce a minimum quantity of 100 kg/hr of AFM315E energetic ionic liquid components and their raw materials. Demonstrate a plan to process energetic ionic liquids using off the shelf micro reactor equipment that can be transitioned to the chemical industry.
PHASE III DUAL USE APPLICATIONS: Dual use application.
REFERENCES:
1. Current Organic Chemistry, Vol. 9, Issue 8, pp. 765-787 (2005).http://benthamscience.com/journals/current-organic-chemistry/volume/9/issue/8/page/765/
2. Hessel, V. and Löwe, H. “Organic Synthesis with Microstructured Reactors,” Chem. Eng. Technol., 28: pp. 267–284. doi:10.1002/ceat.200407167 (2005).
3. Watts, P. and Haswell, S. J., “The Application of Microreactors for Small Scale Organic Synthesis,” Chem. Eng.Technol., 28: pp. 290–301. doi:10.1002/ceat.200407124 (2005).
4. Roberge, D. M., Ducry, L., Bieler, N., Cretton, P., and Zimmermann, B., “Microreactor Technology: A
Revolution for the Fine Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries,” Chem. Eng. Technol., 28: pp. 318–323.
doi:10.1002/ceat.200407128 (2005).
5. Henke, L. and Winterbauer, H., “A Modular Micro Reactor for Mixed Acid Nitration,” Chem. Eng. Technol., 28: pp. 749–752. doi:10.1002/ceat.200500096 (2005).
6. Pure Appl. Chem., Vol. 74, No. 12, pp. 2271-2276 (2002).http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200274122271
KEYWORDS: microreactor, microreactor technology, microreactor(s), monopropellant, monopropellant ingredient(s), continuous processing, ionic liquid(s), energetic compound(s), advanced flow reactor(s), microchannel device(s), microstructures
AF171-062
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TITLE: Sensor Open System Architecture (SOSA) Architectural Research
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TECHNOLOGY AREA(S): Battlespace, Electronics, Sensors
The technology within this topic is restricted under the International Traffic in Arms Regulation (ITAR), 22 CFR Parts 120-130, which controls the export and import of defense-related material and services, including export of sensitive technical data, or the Export Administration Regulation (EAR), 15 CFR Parts 730-774, which controls dual use items. Offerors must disclose any proposed use of foreign nationals (FNs), their country(ies) of origin, the type of visa or work permit possessed, and the statement of work (SOW) tasks intended for accomplishment by the FN(s) in accordance with section 5.4.c.(8) of the solicitation and within the AF Component-specific instructions. Offerors are advised foreign nationals proposed to perform on this topic may be restricted due to the technical data under US Export Control Laws. Please direct questions to the AF SBIR/STTR Contracting Officer, Ms. Gail Nyikon, gail.nyikon@us.af.mil.
OBJECTIVE: Seek technology development of standards and architectures that provide uniformity, interoperability and open architecture while driving down procurement and operational costs for acquired weapon systems.
DESCRIPTION: The Sensor Open System Architecture (SOSA) is a C4ISR-focused technical and economic collaborative effort between the Air Force, Navy, Army, the Department of Defense (DoD), Industry, and other Governmental agencies to develop (and incorporate) technical Open Systems Architecture standards in order to maximize C4ISR sub-system, system, and platform affordability, re-configurability, overall performance, and hardware/software/firmware re-use. The SOSA effort will effectively create an operational and technical framework for the integration of disparate payloads into C4ISR systems; with a focus on the development of a functional decomposition for common multi-purpose backbone architecture for RADAR, EO/IR, SIGINT, EW, and Communications modalities. SOSA addresses hardware, software, and mechanical/electrical interfaces. The functional decomposition will produce a set of re-useable components, interfaces, and sub-systems that engender re-usable capabilities. This, in effect, creates a realistic and affordable ecosystem enabling mission effectiveness through systematic re-use of all available re-composed hardware, software, and electrical/mechanical base components and interfaces.
SOSA is an acquisition and technical environment for sensors and traditional C4ISR payloads which fosters innovation, industry engagement, and competition, and allows for rapid fielding of capabilities and platform mission reconfiguration, while minimizing logistical requirements with the following goals:
* Open creation of a Vendor, Platform agnostic, open and common architectural framework
* Standardization of functional decomposition of Software, Hardware, Electrical/Mechanical interfaces
* Harmonization with existing and emerging standards such as: FACE, OMS, SPIES, VICTORY, and VITA
* Quality Attributes Maximize the applicability of SOSA-unique and JCIDS Quality Attributes
* Cost-effective C4ISR systems which can rapidly respond to changing requirements and user needs
To that end this topic will concentrate on leveraging a series of draft SOSA technical standards to develop, implement, and prototype a scalable architecture solution that can support multiple phenomenologies such as: RADAR, SIGINT/EW, EO/IR, Communications, and EGI. The goal is to develop multi-use common capabilities solution that demonstrates reuse of similar functional components across two or more phenomenologies such as RADAR and SIGINT, or SIGINT/EW and EO/IR, while reducing physical/functional/electrical footprint in a POD or Turret enclosure.
All proposed solutions will be based on COTS components with SOSA standard interfaces that can demonstrate additional interoperability with two or more similar components from two or more commercial vendors with SOSA technologies. The interoperability will be demonstrated for common functional software capabilities, common physical (e.g., OpenVPX) cards interchangeability, and common electrical mechanical interfaces between a series of modules that may have different functionality sets based upon a series of needs (or requirements) for an application.
The results of the effort will be fully documented and presented to all relevant SOSA working groups as recommendations for potential changes to the standards; or proposals for future enhancements based on all lessons learned during implementation of the standards as part of any development program. This becomes part of an iterative process where the SOSA technical standards will improve as a result of consistent technical exchange between vendors and users
PHASE I: Research and develop an innovative reference architecture based on draft SOSA reference architecture standards for software, hardware, and electrical/mechanical interfaces. The reference architecture will flow from a series of general identified needs based upon applications. Identify gaps in the SOSA reference architecture and propose findings to the working groups for incorporation for the revision.
PHASE II: Instantiate the Phase I SOSA implementation solution for multiple sensing modalities and identify multi-service deployment opportunities including unmanned air vehicle (UAS) /POD/ Turret/ Truck/ Humvee/ Ship/ Plane for USAF, Army, and Navy systems. Identify commonality of reuse within modalities, between DoD services, and deployment form factors. Any designed and produced prototype will have focus on cross modality and cross functionality.
PHASE III DUAL USE APPLICATIONS: Deploy SOSA prototype solution in a functional test environment to validate solution. Document lessons learned (what worked, what did not, areas of improvement). Identify gaps in SOSA reference architecture standards and propose a solution to the identified gap back to the SOSA working groups.
REFERENCES:
1. Frank Kendall, "Memorandum for Secretaries of the Military Departments Deputy Chief Management Officer Department of Defense Chief Information Officer Directors of the Defense Agencies AT&L Direct Reports, Subject: Implementation Directive for Better Buying Power 3.0 - Achieving Dominant Capabilities through Technical Excellence and Innovation," April 9 2015.
2. Young, John J. Jr. "Memorandum for Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology, Director, Defense Research and Engineering, Subject: Radar Open System Architecture Defense Support Team (DST)," 19 February 2009.
3. Lucero, Scott and Scott Kordella,"Radar Open Architecture Defense Support Team Industry Day," April 8-9, 2010, Solicitation Number LLR0304101452, 4 March 2010. Mr. Scott Lucero, et al "DoD's Perspective on Radar Open Architectures" MITRE, June 2010
4. VITA 65 (OpenVPX) Standard, v3.00, September, 2013.
KEYWORDS: Standards, Open Architecture, Sensors, Multi-INT, RADAR, SIGINT, Electronic Warfare (EW), Communications, Electro optical (EO), Infrared EO/IR, Hardware, Software, Electrical, Mechanical, Interfaces
AF171-063
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TITLE: Electronically Controlled Adaptive Polarization for Compact Broadband Transmitters and Receivers
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TECHNOLOGY AREA(S): Space Platforms
The technology within this topic is restricted under the International Traffic in Arms Regulation (ITAR), 22 CFR Parts 120-130, which controls the export and import of defense-related material and services, including export of sensitive technical data, or the Export Administration Regulation (EAR), 15 CFR Parts 730-774, which controls dual use items. Offerors must disclose any proposed use of foreign nationals (FNs), their country(ies) of origin, the type of visa or work permit possessed, and the statement of work (SOW) tasks intended for accomplishment by the FN(s) in accordance with section 5.4.c.(8) of the solicitation and within the AF Component-specific instructions. Offerors are advised foreign nationals proposed to perform on this topic may be restricted due to the technical data under US Export Control Laws. Please direct questions to the AF SBIR/STTR Contracting Officer, Ms. Gail Nyikon, gail.nyikon@us.af.mil.
OBJECTIVE: Identify advanced concepts for adaptive polarization for use in compact, high-reliability broadband transmit and receive antenna system applications
DESCRIPTION: Adaptive polarization embues flexibilities in radio-frequency systems by adding degrees of freedom in the antenna that can increase performance in aerospace platforms. A simple approach to incorporating an adaptive polarization capability into any single transmitter or receiver involves integrating multiple antennas with differing polarizations together to form a switchable multi-element antenna matrix. Using a multi-throw RF switch, each antenna input or output can be selected as required. This approach has even been integrated into a common aperture, one such design is known as the sinuous antenna[1], but for a single transmitter or receiver, it would require external RF switching and control to isolate a particular antenna element polarization for use on the onboard platform. This approach is also traditionally limited to low-gain and low-power applications.
Incorporating multiple antenna elements of differing polarizations to accomplish adaptive polarization is challenging when compact physical size and reliability is a concern. Traditional solutions such as the largely electromechanical designs (e.g., involving a servo mechanism to physically rotate a polarizer assembly in order to achieve adaptive polarization ability) are not likely practical in these cases, hence the present interest in more creative technology approaches. It is expected that a more optimal solution would examine solid state alternatives to present electromechanical design, leading to a faster, and higher reliability, non-mechanical approach.
The goal of this topic is to research and develop the technology to create compact and lightweight polarizer assemblies for use in both high and low power transmit and receive antennas that will accomplish adaptive polarization by purely electronic means for high reliability and fast response time. Air Force is interested in addressing primary relevant communications bands (UHF,S,L,X, and Ka) predominately, and understanding the challenges in extending to other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.
We encourage creative technology approaches to the adaptive polarization problem, to include concepts for extremely reconfigurable antennas. Offerors should consider the practical issues of signal distribution and the management of control planes for the effective management of polarization "on the fly". Agility is preferred to the degree practical, along with compactness, reliability, ease of integration. For spaceborne applications, it is important to address the constraints imposed by the space environment in terms of radiation, power consumption, thermal management, and other factors. Offerors should provide compelling evidence of a traceable path to a qualified and affordable implementation of any ideas proposed.
PHASE I: Research and develop novel polarizer technologies involving no moving parts (for example the meander-line polarizers described in Reference [2] and similar impactful approaches). For example, the Reference [2] concept as applied to this SBIR, might be duplicate layers of meander-line planes that are orthogonal to each other, and activated by electronic means such as solid state relays or PIN diodes actively connecting each segment over multiple circuit board layers, in order to control the direction of circular polarization. Perform simulation modeling of the proposed concept and provide a credible path to demonstratable formulation.
PHASE II: Develop and test prototype polarizer assemblies using a test setup in a small anechoic chamber to demonstrate intended function of the design.
PHASE III DUAL USE APPLICATIONS: Develop, environmentally qualify, integrate, and test production-representative, application-specific polarizer assemblies and associated electronic control circuitry in military airborne antenna systems in a large anechoic chamber.
REFERENCES:
1. Antenna Engineering Handbook (III Ed.), Chapter 14, Frequency Independent Antennas, R. H. Du Hamel and J. P. Scherer, edited by Richard C. Johnson, McGraw-Hill Publishers, 1993.
2. Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation includes theoretical and experimental advances in antennas (Volume: 21, Issue: 3), May 1973.
KEYWORDS: Adaptive, Polarization, Antenna, Polarizer, Compact, High-Reliability
AF171-064
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TITLE: Energy Storage System
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TECHNOLOGY AREA(S): Battlespace, Electronics, Sensors
The technology within this topic is restricted under the International Traffic in Arms Regulation (ITAR), 22 CFR Parts 120-130, which controls the export and import of defense-related material and services, including export of sensitive technical data, or the Export Administration Regulation (EAR), 15 CFR Parts 730-774, which controls dual use items. Offerors must disclose any proposed use of foreign nationals (FNs), their country(ies) of origin, the type of visa or work permit possessed, and the statement of work (SOW) tasks intended for accomplishment by the FN(s) in accordance with section 5.4.c.(8) of the solicitation and within the AF Component-specific instructions. Offerors are advised foreign nationals proposed to perform on this topic may be restricted due to the technical data under US Export Control Laws. Please direct questions to the AF SBIR/STTR Contracting Officer, Ms. Gail Nyikon, gail.nyikon@us.af.mil.
OBJECTIVE: Development and demonstration of a rechargeable energy storage system that is able to provide storage to lift 14000lbs 120” within 15 seconds and 40” in 7 seconds where the motion will stop.
DESCRIPTION: The U.S. Air force has several energy storage solutions which fall sort of the required 14000lbs 120” within 15 seconds and 40” in 7 seconds. The new energy storage system will have to comply with MIL-STD 461G Requirements for the Control of Electromagnetic Interference Characteristics of Subsystems and Equipment and MIL STD- 810G Environmental Engineering Considerations and Laboratory Tests.
A new more reliable energy storage system is desired to maintain decreased security manpower requirements through the use of a denial system. The new system should be readily transferable into the current systems' place without major redesign of any other components or facilities. The new energy system will be recharged using 120V 60 Hz commercial power.
The movement characterization is a 14000lbs. concrete plug moving faster for 15 seconds for 120: then slowing down to a complete stop in 40” over 7 seconds using a 100 Hp, 460 VAC (nominal max), 60 Hz, 130 – 160 amp induction motor and telescoping ball screw. These are the allotted times required to fully secure the plug within the required amount of time.
PHASE I: Establish feasibility and technical merit of proposed solution through modeling and design analysis focused on the capability to lift 14000 lbs. 180 in 3 times via a telescoping screw. Component level tests of the required loads should be performed to validate the modeling and design analysis.
PHASE II: Manufacture and test a prototype enclosure/test article defined by the US Air Force sponsor to verify manufacturability and performance of energy storage system through use of developed testing method or with coordination through AFNWC/NI offices use of Strategic Missile Integration Center. Prototype will demonstrate lifting capability 3 times with minimal delay between each lift. The prototype will also show recharge through use of commercial power (120V 60 Hz).
PHASE III DUAL USE APPLICATIONS: Commercial Application: Applications could include load leveling for electric utilities, or regenerative braking energy storage for automotive use. Military Application: Reliable energy source to provide enhanced security to government assets reducing the required security forces manpower.
REFERENCES:
1. MIL-STD-461G Requirements for the Control of Electromagnetic Interference Characteristics of Subsystems and Equipment.
2. MIL-STD-810G Environmental Engineering Considerations and Laboratory Tests.
KEYWORDS: Energy, Storage, Security, ICBM, Electric, Electricity
AF171-065
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TITLE: Effects of GPS Degraded or Denied Environments on Delivery Vehicles
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TECHNOLOGY AREA(S): Nuclear Technology
The technology within this topic is restricted under the International Traffic in Arms Regulation (ITAR), 22 CFR Parts 120-130, which controls the export and import of defense-related material and services, including export of sensitive technical data, or the Export Administration Regulation (EAR), 15 CFR Parts 730-774, which controls dual use items. Offerors must disclose any proposed use of foreign nationals (FNs), their country(ies) of origin, the type of visa or work permit possessed, and the statement of work (SOW) tasks intended for accomplishment by the FN(s) in accordance with section 5.4.c.(8) of the solicitation and within the AF Component-specific instructions. Offerors are advised foreign nationals proposed to perform on this topic may be restricted due to the technical data under US Export Control Laws. Please direct questions to the AF SBIR/STTR Contracting Officer, Ms. Gail Nyikon, gail.nyikon@us.af.mil.
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