Around the sun leaving a bright trail behind. For more than

made up of
destekle
As a result of	in sonucu olarak	made up of	desteklemek
detect	meydana çıkarmak; keşfetmek, sezmek	neutral	tarafsız, yansız; belirli bir niteliği olmayan
equal	eşit	observation	inceleme; gözlem
everywhere	her yer; her yerde; her yere	occupy	tutmak, zaptetmek, işgal etmek
fission	fisyon	purpose	niyet etmek tasarlamak, kastetmek
give off	yaymak, çıkarmak	yield	vermek, ödemek; mahsul vermek verimlilik
indivisible	bölünemez.

78 TRANCE

The word 'hypnosis' comes from the Greek word ¹hypnos', which means 'sleep'. Although it is hard to define hypnosis, because it has many aspects and degrees, it might be said that hypnosis is a kind of trance (a sleeplike condition) in which the subject responds strongly to the suggestions of the hypnotist. It is difficult to know exactly what changes hypnotism produces in the functioning of the nervous system or the personality.

There are many theories on hypnosis, but no single theory is accepted as completely explaining all aspects of hypnosis. One of the oldest theories regards hypnosis to be a form of sleep. This concept originated in 1784, and was further developed by Ivan Pavlov. However, this theory is contradicted by evidence which indicates that the hypnotized person is not asleep: the knee reflex, which is absent in sleep, is present in the hypnotic state, and recordings of brain waves show the typical patterns of the state in which we are awake.

Methods of putting a subject into a trance have changed in recent years. Very few modern hypnotists use the old method of staring into the subject's eyes. Instead, they use methods which emphasize relaxing or even sleep. The subject sits in a comfortable chair while the hypnotist talks quietly, giving the subject directions and suggestions which lead him slowly into a trance. The hypnotist watches for signs for this state. For example, many subjects don't talk when they are in a trance. Instead of talking, they nod or shake their heads when they have to answer the questions the hypnotist asks them.

The hypnotic trance may be classified according to its degree, which depends partly on the hypnotist and partly on the subject.

In a light trance, the eyes are closed, breathing becomes slower and the subject is able to carry out simple suggesti6ns. The subject is usually unable to open his eyes or move his arms if the hypnotist tells him that he cannot.

In a medium-deep trance, the subject is able to experience feeling of movement even though he is not moving. After coming out of the trance, the subject may not remember what happened during the time he was in a trance.

In a deep trance, the hypnotist can produce very unusual effects. For example, he may tell the subject that, when he comes out of the trance, he will think that he sees a clock on the wall and that he will look at it and say it is midnight even though it's four o'clock in the afternoon. When he comes out of the trance, the subject will do what he is told to do, but he may not remember anything about what happened in the trance.