M U N D A R I J A KIRISH............................................................................................... 3
I BOB. MOLEKULYAR BIOLOGIYA FAN SIFATIDA……….. 5
1.1.§. Molekulyar biologiya fanining mohiyati, maqsadi, vazifalari va
rivojlanish tarixi...................................................................................
5
1.2.§. Molekulyar biologiyadagi tushunchalar ......................................
9
I BOB. OQSILLAR........................................................................ 14
2.1.§. Oqsillarning umumiy tasnifi........................................................ 14
2.2.§. Oqsillarning sinflanishi........................................................ ........ 16
2.3.§. Oqsillarning aminokislota tarkibi va aminokisiotalarning tasnifi.. 17
2.4.§. Oqsil tarkibida uchrovchi bog‘lar................................................. 23
2.5.§. Oqsil molekulalarining strukturalari............................................. 26
2.6.§. Oqsillarning birlamchi strukturasi................................................ 26
2.7.§. Oqsillarning ikkilamchi strukturasi.............................................. 27
2.8.§. Oqsillarning uchlamchi strukturasi............................................... 28
2.9.§. Oqsillarning to‘rtlamchi strukturasi............................................. 29
III BOB. NUKLEIN KISLOTALARNING GENETIK ROLI…….. 32
3.1.§. Nuklein kislotalarning o‘rganilish tarixi va tasnifi........................ 32
3.2.§. Irsiy axborot o‘tish yo‘llari ......................................................... 35
3.3.§. Oqsillar–tur va individual maxsuslikning asosi............................. 39
3.4.§. Halqasimon va superspiral DNK molekulalari ............................. 41
3.5.§. DNK ning birlamchi strukturasi................................................... 45
3.6.§. DNK ning ikkilamchi strukturasi.................................................. 47
3.7.§. DNK ning uchlamchi strukturasi.................................................. 48
3.8.§. Nukleozid va nukleotidlar............................................................ 50
3.9.§. Xromatin tuzilishi........................................................................ 61
3.10.§. Ribonukleinkislotalar (RNK) …................................................. 65
3.11.§.Informatsion, transport va ribosomal RNKlarning xususiyati va
funksiyalari ................................................................................ .........
70
