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several times in order to get an idea of the topic it is about. Besides, if the listening
takes too long, they get tired.
Solutions for learner’s problems
Penny Ur proposes solutions for the most common problems that learners face
when dealing with listening tasks, such help them to focus on the general context
rather than the particular sounds or exposing learners
to English from very early
stages of their learning process, so that they can get easily used to listen to native
and natural speeches.
She also proposes the use of „redundant‟ texts in which the important
information more than once in a very subtle way so that learners can make sure of
their understanding without the need of listening many times.In
order to help
students from getting tired, she proposes to break recordings up into short passages,
then pause the tape and give students the chance to answer.
1.3 Writing skill
According to Hornby (2005),writing means “to make letters or numbers on a
surface, especially using a pen or a pencil.” Richards & Renandya (2002) mention
that writing is the most difficult skill for L2 learners, since they need to generate
ideas,organize them and translate these ideas into readable text which can be very
difficult for students.
Harmer (2007) mentions some important aspects
that are considered in
writing such as Handwriting, even though communication takes place electronically
nowadays. However, there are instances in which students write by hand, for
example in language exams.
Spelling is also a main issue in writing and in literacy. One of the reasons why
spelling is difficult for students of English is that the correspondence between the
sound of a word and the way it is spelt is not always obvious. A single sound may
have many different spellings and the same spelling may have many different
sounds.
The third aspect is Layout and Punctuation which are essential in writing.
They are different
in writing communities and, frequently, non-transferable from
one community or language to another. In fact, to success in writing, in teachers‟
own language or another language, it is necessary for students to be aware of layout
and punctuation rules, in order to produce the written message as clearly as they can.
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