Chapter Two: Some Common Features among federations



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Common features among fed second chamber

Chapter Two Some Common Features Among Federations

Federalism and Federations?

- Federation and federalism are two separate concepts, each describing different aspects of federal theory

Federalism:- an ideology or Value concept

  • It Includes philosophical perspectives
  • Organized principles which advocates ‘a multi- tiered’ government
  • joining together some autonomous units

Cont’d

  • Combines – element of shared rule for some purposes and regional self-rule for some other purposes
  • Federations – an empirical reality
  • - descriptive system referring the actual system of governance

  • Refers to tangible institutional and structural facts and techniques for achieving the goals of federalism
  • - Federalism as an ideology, federations as a political institutions, should employ that the two are related.

Cont’d

  • Common Features
  • 1. At least two orders of Government

    - one for the whole country

    - the other for the regions

    - Each government has direct electorate relationships with its citizens

Cont’d

  • Sub national units have many names
  • States- Australia

    - Brazil

    - Ethiopia

    - India

    - Malaysia

    - Mexico

    - Nigeria

    - USA

Cont’d

Cont’d

2. Written and Supreme constitution

  • Federal systems presupposes a compact between and among the constituent units
  • desires both unity and diversity
  • such type of compact is a result of a long process of bargaining as concluded by mutual consent of all those involved

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