Child Abuse and Neglect: a socio-legal Study of Mandatory Reporting in Australia


REPORTS BY REPORTER GROUPS 2003-2012



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REPORTS BY REPORTER GROUPS 2003-2012

Table

Subject

Key findings

Interpretation

1.26.1

Reports by major reporter groups combined, by year, by abuse type (number and percentage)

Substantial increase in reports of EA (624 to 2158), but stable as proportion of all reports (40% to 44%); increase in reports of N (384 to 1274) and stable as proportion of all reports (25% to 26%); increase in reports of PA (328 to 918) and stable as proportion of all reports (21% to 19%); increase in reports of SA (222 to 561) and decline as proportion of all reports (14% to 11%).

EA and N constitute 70% of all reports and this has remained relatively stable over time.

Reporting of EA, N by mandated reporters does not reflect MR duty. May suggest DR mechanism could be useful, or may reflect caller-defined protocol.



1.26.2

Reports by major reporter groups combined, by year, by outcome of reports (number and percentage)

Substantiation numbers increased 2003 to 2005 (309 to 587) but declined steadily through 2012 to 371. SR of investigated reports has remained relatively stable.

Over the decade, 4074 substantiations of 9652 investigations.

Number of reports not investigated has increased markedly from 776 to 3905. Reports not investigated have increased and currently stand at 80%


Declining substantiations may reflect quality and nature of reports, and caller-defined protocol

Low investigations likely reflect caller-defined protocol, broad social awareness



1.26.3

Reports by other reporter groups combined, by year, by abuse type (number and percentage)

Increase in reports of EA (848 to 2427), and as proportion of all reports (45% to 54%); increase in reports of N (587 to 1166) and decline as proportion of all reports (31% to 26%); increase in reports of PA (296 to 520) and decline as proportion of all reports (16% to 11%); increase in reports of SA (174 to 410) and stable as proportion of all reports (9%).

Increase especially in EA reports by other reporters may reflect sensitivity to DV

Increase in all other forms may reflect caller-defined protocol



1.26.4

Reports by other reporter groups combined, by year, by outcome of reports (number and percentage)

Substantiation numbers more than doubled from 2003 to 2005 (321 to 711), then declined markedly through 2012 (711 to 350). Investigations show the same pattern.

Over the decade, 4264 substantiations of 10,597 investigations.



Trend in 2003 to 2005 reflects surge in activity and investigation at the time of the SC and VR.

Decline since may suggest resource availability and or caller-defined protocol



1.26.9

Reports by police, by year, by abuse type (number and percentage)

Substantial increase in EA especially from 2003 to 2006 (314 to 903) stabilising through 2012 (1037). EA now accounts for 64% of all police reports.

Increase in N reports 2003 to 2009 (141 to 373) followed by decline (373 to 289). Stable reports of PA. Increase in SA since 2007 (56 to 199).



EA reports the clear outlier for police especially as not a mandated category. May reflect DV, or reporting of emotional harm from other abuse types.

PA reports very low compared with other jurisdictions.



1.26.10

Reports by police, by year, by outcome of reports (number and percentage)

Substantiation percentage stable over decade (around 50% of investigations).

Increase in reports not investigated (310 to 1273).



Strong SR of investigated reports.

Increase in uninvestigated reports may reflect nature of reports (EA, DV), and caller-defined protocol



1.26.11

Reports by school personnel, by year, by abuse type (number and percentage)

Substantial increase in EA especially from 2003 to 2007 (170 to 662) stabilising through 2012 (622).

Increase in N reports over decade (134 to 639).

Increase in PA reports over decade (188 to 636).

Increase in SA reports over decade (83 to 231).

In all types, stable as proportion of reports (EA 25-30%; N 25-30%; PA 30-35%; SA 11-14%)


Teachers show a steady trend of increasing reports of PA and SA, roughly tripling over the decade.

EA and N reports rise from 2003-2007, fall, and then rise again from 2009-12.



Patterns may reflect professional training, or, paradoxically, poor training or lack of training.


1.26.12

Reports by school personnel, by year, by outcome of reports (number and percentage)

Substantiation percentage varies over decade (around 30-35% of investigations), and declines in 2011 -2012.

Increase in reports not investigated (292 to 1694).



SR of investigated reports not as strong as for police.

Increase in uninvestigated reports may reflect nature of reports (EA, DV, N), and caller-defined protocol







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