Plan of work, methods and techniques to beused
In general, the integration of small-scale renewable energy sources into a traditional grid causes several problems like voltage fluctuations and harmonic distortions, which require synchronization of the sources with the grid. Smart grid, on the other hand, optimizes these problems by preventing outages and allowing consumers to manage energy usage. Further the smart grid helps to enable various options to add energy to the grid at transmission and distribution levels through distributed generation and energy storage technologies with proper control strategies. The layout shown in fig. 1 presents the renewable based power generation with transmission & distribution network adopting suitable TES-CAES storage with efficient smart communication systems and controlstrategies.
Figure.1 Concept of the proposed system
The entire research components are divided into 6 work packages and the challenges in each work package and the work plan are summarised below.
WP 1: Functional Material Development
Challenges:
The major problems associated with phase change energy storage materials are low thermal conductivity, sub cooling characteristics during phase change process and segregation during repeated cycling in addition to the cost of the materials. The pioneering advancement in nano – technologies, composites and various bio-additives paves way for new material development.
Work plan:
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Development of functional solar cells for enhanced efficiency.
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Introduction of nanotechnology and bio-additives in thermal storage for the development of functional PCMs to alleviate existing problems encountered in PCM
-
Development of heat transfer fluids with nano additivies to achieve efficient heat transfer in energy storage and heat exchange devices
-
Development of bio fuel with nano additives to enhance the performance, combustion and emission characteristics of an Engine in powergeneration
-
Material Characterisation.
WP 2: Performance Enhancement in Renewable Power Generation
Challenges:
Decentralised power generation by utilising the local resource will provide energy independency. However, efficient technologies are not available for small capacity power generation through wind, solar and bio- fuel based engines. Further, how to maximise renewable power generation time, prolong life time of renewable power generation facility and provide better quality power output to local users has been a long term focus in renewable power generation.
Work plan
Development of new solar PV cells to achieve high efficiency with indigenoustechnology
-
Use of CFD Analysis in small capacity wind turbines to achieve high efficiency
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Use of alternate energy sources in Engines for local power generation
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Hybridising these sources efficiently to maximise theutilisation
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Development of Input/output model (Based on supply anddemand).
-
Study of various combinations of Hybrid connection strategy.
WP 3. Advanced Manufacturing Technology and Surface Modification
Challenges:
The low heat transfer in one surface will be a handicap for the entire system in energy storage and energy exchange devices. In such situation, the surface modification provides solution to enhance the performance of the entire system. Further, the fast development of new design and product in the field of energy storage and energy exchange needs advance manufacturing technologies.
Work plan:
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Design and Development of hybrid laser welding system to join electronic and magnetic materials, surface modifications and for additive manufacturing
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Design and Development of Eco-friendly Cold Gas Dynamic Spraying (CGDS) system for high performance coatings
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Development of various surface coatings on the heat transfer surface to enhance the performance of the entire system.
-
The Use of new RP tools will be explored for the product developments
WP:4.Integration & Optimization of advanced energy storagetechnologies
Challenges:
Electrical energy storage, no matter how advanced it is; will lose energy during the energy conversion process. Reducing these losses and to store thermal energy for direct usage in large community and high rise buildings is a challenging task. It is unclear how the optimal operation of thermal storage will help in the realization of smart powergrids.
Work plan:
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A comprehensive analysis of the use of thermal storage for solar space heating and adopting a free- cooling concept to quantify the possible reduction in electrical energydemand
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Investigation will be performed for the extraction of heat/cool energy from CAES for efficient energyconversion.
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Fabrication of Thermal storage system and Integration with CAES
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Instrumentation for the entire system
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Performing experiments with various parameters of interest
WP:5 Electrical Network & Controls for SmartGrid
Challenges:
The major challenge with the development of smart grid with energy storage deals with the use of smart communication, sensing, and control technology which operates in parallel with an electric power grid for the purpose of enhancing the reliability of electric power delivery, minimizing the cost of electric energy to consumers, and facilitating the interconnection of new generating sources to the grid. Further, problems associated with the use of MPPT for use in PV systems and windturbines.
Work plan:
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Modelling of the distribution network
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Design of distribution management system.
-
Design of a MPPT system suitable for small wind generator and solar PV system; design and development of grid (230 Volts, 50 Hz) connectable inverter that would address the power quality issues; network accessible power and data monitoring system suitable for central monitoring; Analysis of the power sharing mechanism between above mentioned sources of energy.
-
Design of communication networks like Adaptive Control Scheme for Energy Storage system
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Integration of the smart communication system with PLC control for maximizing the power generation
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Adoption of Model Predictive Control topology for developed thermal energy storage systemwith efficient SCADA monitoring for the entire proposed system
WP:6 Technology Promotion:
Challenges:
The current national innovation system in India is a vast and complex system comprised of knowledge producers such as science and technology institutions, academia, and innovating individuals and knowledge users (e.g., industry-production/services in the public and private sectors). The challenges are the integration of academicians, researchers, consultants, industrialists, various stakeholders, technicians and end-users involved in the field of various energy sectors for the transfer innovations to the industries & to the societies.
Work plan:
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Research promotion of the proposed system outcome through awareness program
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Promoting intellectual property protection through various streamlined programs.
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Initiation & development of technology incubationcentre
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Creating an innovative hub for facilitating research for benefiting students and scholars
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Creating centralized data management centre for research facilitation hub, technology incubation hub and innovation hub
Team Members involved in each workpackage
Work-packages
|
Name of the Expert
|
University
|
WP-1 Functional Material Development
Objective: To develop novel functional materials in Solar & Energy Storage applications.
|
Dr. P. Ramamurthy(lead), Dr. R. Anandhan Dr. R. Sasikumar, Dr. S. Nehru
|
University of Madras
|
Dr. P. Manisankar, Dr. K. Gurunathan, Dr. G. Ravi
|
Alagappa University
|
Dr. S. Arumugam, Dr. R.Ramesh
|
Bharathidasan University
|
Dr. Moorthy Babu, Dr. Jayavel, Dr. T. Arunkumar
|
Anna University
|
Dr. T. R. Rajasekaran
|
Manonmaniam sundaranar university
|
WP-2 Performance Enhancement in Renewable Power Generation
Objective: To maximize the share of the renewable energy (Solar, Wind, Bio Energy) in the total power generation
|
Dr. R. Velraj(lead), Dr. J. Kumar, Dr. S. Jayaraj,Dr.
A. Kavitha, Dr. K. Arunachalam, Dr. G. Kumaresan
|
Anna University
|
Dr. S. Karuppuchamy
|
Alagappa University
|
Dr. N. Krishnamohan, Dr. B. Sivaraman
|
Annamalai University
|
WP-3 Advanced Manufacturing Technology and Surface Modification
Objective: To introduce surface modification methods in engineering components and systems for enhancing energy production, energy storage and energy transmission systems.
|
Dr. V. Balasubramanian(lead), Dr. S. Malarvizhi, Dr. D. Thirumalai Kumarasamy
|
Annamalai University
|
Dr. B. Mohan, Dr. L. Karunamoorthy,
Dr. V. Kumaresan, Dr. Bala Sivanandha prabhu
|
Anna University
|
WP-4 Integration & Optimization of advanced energy storage technologies
Objective: To reduce the barriers in the integration of new storage technologies and to optimize the storage system for increasing the renewable energy utilization and to avoid the transmission congestion.
|
Dr. R. Velraj(Lead), Dr. G. Kumaresan, Dr. V. Kumaresan
|
Anna University
|
Dr. La. Chidambaram
|
Annamalai University
|
WP- 5 Electrical Network & Controls for Smart Grid
Objective: To develop novel control and communication methodologies for efficient hybrid ES connection with local power generation for the reliable and safe operation of distributed networks.
|
Dr. B. Umamaheshwari (Lead), Dr. J. Prakash, Dr. G. Uma , Dr. R. P. Kumudhini Devi
|
Anna University
|
WP- 6 Technology and business promotion
Objective : Knowledge dissemination through the conduct of training and awareness program and connecting the various stakeholders in Renewable Energy Sector for technology transfer to industries and society through various business models
|
Dr. J. Kumar (Lead), Dr. R. Velraj, Dr. B. Umamaheshwari, Dr. Jayaraj
|
Anna University
|
Dr. V. Balasubramanian
|
Annamalai University
|
Dr. P. Ramamurthy
|
University of Madras
|
Dr. G. Ganesan
|
Bharathiar University
|
3. Time – table or Milestones
|
YEAR 1
|
YEAR 2
|
Project Period
|
Quarter 4
|
Quarter 1
|
Quarter 2
|
Quarter 3
|
Quarter 4
|
|
Recruitment of project staff
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of Research Equipment
|
|
|
|
|
|
Work Package – Performance Enhancement in Renewable Power Generation
|
1
|
Development of new solar PV cells
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
CFD Analysis for small capacity wind turbines
|
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
Alternate energy sources in Engines
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
Development of Input/output model (Based on supply and demand).
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
Study of various combinations of Hybrid connectionstrategy.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Work Package – Functional Material Development
|
1
|
Development of functional phase change material
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
Development of heat transfer fluids withnano-additivies
|
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
Development of bio fuel with nano additives
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
Development of functional solar cells
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
Material Characterisation
|
|
|
|
|
|
Work package – Integration & optimization of Efficient Storagetechnology
|
1
|
Analysis of the use of thermal storage
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
Extraction of heat/cool energy from CAES
|
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
Fabrication of Thermal storage system and Integration with CAES
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
Instrumentation for the entire system
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
Performing experiments with various parameters ofinterest
|
|
|
|
|
|
Work Package - Advanced Manufacturing Technology and Surface Modification
|
1
|
Design and Development of hybrid laser welding system
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
Design and Development of Eco-friendly Cold Gas Dynamic Spraying system
|
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
Development of various surface coatings on the heat transfer surface
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
Use of new RP tools
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
Performing experiments with various parameters ofinterest
|
|
|
|
|
|
Work Package – Electrical Network & Smart Grid
|
1
|
Modelling of the distribution network
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
Design of distribution managementsystem.
|
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
Integration of Storage system with real time RES simulator with SCADA
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
Introducing real time smart grid simulator with hardware & software unit
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
Performing experiments with various parameters ofinterest
|
|
|
|
|
|
Work Package – Technology Promotion
|
1.
|
Research promotion of the proposed system outcome through awareness program
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.
|
Promoting intellectual property protection through various streamlined programs
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.
|
Initiation & development of technology incubationcentre
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.
|
Creating an innovative hub for facilitating research for benefiting students and scholars
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.
|
Creating centralized data management centre for research facilitation hub, technology incubation hub and innovation hub
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Report Preparation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Knowledge transfer through seminars and publishing technicalreports
|
|
|
|
|
|
-
Deliverables
The deliverables of the proposed research are:
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Indigenous development of functional materials in solar and energy storageapplications.
-
Prolonged power generation from renewable sources with the implementation of efficient Energy Storage systems.
-
Technology with Surface modifications for efficient heat transfer performance in the proposed systems
-
Control strategies for the integration of solar and wind power sources with storage for efficient continuous operation.
-
Ensured quality power output from renewable energysources.
-
Efficient distributed local power generation and ensured grid reliability.
-
Research and technical man power development in the state and country
-
Introduction of the advanced technology in the engineeringcurriculum.
-
Connecting the researchers and industries for technology transfer to benefit the society in energy sector
-
Ease in developing policies by the Government for power distribution andutilisation.
If the project has any industrial significance, give names and addresses of 3 industries that may be interested in the project
-
TANGEDCO (Tamil Nadu Generation & Distribution Corporation Limited) NPKRR, 144, Anna Salai,
Chennai- 600 002.
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L & T Construction Solar Projects, 5th floor, D Wing, TC 3, Tower B, Manapakkam, P.B. NO. 979, Chennai- 600 089.
-
Pluss Advanced Technologies Pvt. Ltd., 610-A Udyog Vihar, Phase V
Gurgaon- 122 016.
-
Stakeholders of Solar & Wind Power Generation and Users
List not more than 25 of your publications with full bibliographic details/reports/patents or other documents in the last 10 years (Use asterisks to identify publications relevant to thisproposal).
International Journals*:
-
P Chandrasekaran, M Cheralathan, R Velraj 2015, ‘Influence of the size of spherical capsule on solidification characteristics of DI (deionized water) water for a cool thermal energy storage system–An experimental study’, Energy, Vol. 90 pp. 807-813.
-
Chandrasekaran P, Cheralathan M, Velraj R 2015, ‘Effect of fill volume on solidification characteristics of DI (deionized) water in a spherical capsule–An experimental study’, Energy, Vol. 90 pp. 508-515.
-
Kumaresan G, Raju G, Iniyan S & Velraj R, 2015, ‘CFD analysis of flow and geometric parameter for a double walled solar cooking unit’, Applied Mathematical Modelling Vol. 39 (1), pp.137-146.
-
Chandrasekaran P, M Cheralathan, V Kumaresan & R Velraj 2014, ‘Enhanced heat transfer characteristics of water based copper oxide nano-fluid PCM (phase change material) in a spherical capsule during solidification for energy efficient cool thermal storage system’, Energy Vol. 72, pp.636-642.
-
Ramana A S, Venkatesh R, Antony Aroul Raj V &Velraj R 2014, ‘Experimental investigation of the LHS system and comparison of the stratification performance with the SHS system using CFD simulation’ Solar Energy, Vol. 103, pp.378-389.
-
Chandrasekaran, P, Cheralathan M, Kumaresan, V & Velraj, R2014 ‘Solidification behavior of water based nano-fluid phase change material with a nucleating agent for cool thermal storage system’ International Journal of Refrigeration, Vol. 41, pp. 157–163.
-
Karthikeyan, S, Ravikumar Solomon, G, Kumaresan, V & Velraj R 2014, ‘Parametric studies on packed bed storage unit filled with PCM encapsulated spherical containers for low temperature solar air heating applications’ Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 78, pp. 74-80.
-
Chandrasekaran, P, Cheralathan M, Kumaresan, V & Velraj R 2014, ‘Enhanced heat transfer characteristics of water-based copper oxide nano-fluid PCM (phase change material) in a spherical capsule during solidification for energy efficient cool thermal storage system’, Energy, pp. 1-7.
-
Kumaresan, V, Chandrasekaran, P, Maitreyee Nanda, Maini, A K, & Velraj, R 2013, ‘Role of PCM based nanofluids for energy efficient cool thermal storage system’ International Journal of Refrigeration, Vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 1641 –1647.
-
Ravikumar Solomon, Karthikeyan S, & Velraj, R 2013, ‘Sub cooling of PCM due to various effect during solidification In a vertical concentric tube thermal storage unit’ Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 505 –511.
-
Ravikumar Solomon G & Velraj R, 2013, ‘Analysis of the heat transfer mechanisms during energy storage in a Phase Change Material filled vertical finned cylindrical unit for free cooling application’ Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 75, pp.466-473.
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Esakkimuthu S, Abdel HakinHassabou, Palaniappan, C, Markus Spinnler, Jurgen Blumenberg & Velraj R 2013, ‘Experimental Investigation phase change material based thermal storage system for solar air heating applications’ Solar Energy, Vol. 88, pp. 144 – 153.
-
Kumaresan G, Sridhar R & Velraj R 2012,‘Performance studies of a solar parabolic trough collector with a thermal energy storage system’ Energy, Vol. 47, no.1, pp. 395 –402.
-
Karthikeyan, S & Velraj, R 2012, ‘Numerical investigation of packed bed storage unit filled with PCM encapsulated spherical containers – A Comparison between various mathematical models, International Journal of Thermal sciences, Vol. 60, pp. 153 – 160.
-
Kumaresan, V, Velraj, R & Das S K, R 2012, ‘The effect of carbon nanotubes in enhancing the thermal properties of PCM during solidification’ Heat and Mass transfer, Vol. 45, pp. 1345 – 1353.
-
Chinnapandian, M, Pandiyarajan, V, & Velraj, R 2012, ‘A study on the thermodynamic analysis of a cascaded latent heat storage system over the single storage tank system for diesel engine waste heat recovery’ International Journal of Exergy, Vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 349 –370.
-
Pandiyarajan,V, ChinnaPandian, M, Raghavan, V & Velraj, R 2011, ‘Second law analysis of a diesel engine waste heat recovery with a combined sensible and latent heat storage system’ Energy Policy, Vol. 39, no. 10, pp. 6011 – 6020.
-
Chidambaram, L A, Ramana, A S, Kamaraj, G & Velraj, R 2011, ‘Review of solar cooling methods and thermal storage options’ Renewable and sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 3220- 3228.
-
Pandiyarajan V, ChinnaPandian, M, Malan E, Velraj, R & Seeniraj, R V 2011, ‘Experimental investigation on heat recovery from diesel engine exhaust using finned shell and tube heat exchanger and thermal storage system’ Applied Energy, Vol. 88 (1) pp. 77 –87.
-
Antony Aroul Raj & Velraj, R 2010, ‘Review on free cooling of buildings using phase change materials’ Renewable & sustainable energy reviews, Vol.14, no. 9, pp. 2819 – 2829.
-
ShanmugaSundaram, A, Velraj, R & Seeniraj, R V 2010, ‘An experimental investigation on passive cooling system comprising phase change material and two phase closed thermosyphon for telecom shelters in tropical and desert regions’ Energy and Building, Vol. 42, no. 10, pp. 1726 – 1735.
-
MuthuSivagami, R M, Velraj, R &Sethumadhavan, R 2010, ‘Solar cookers with and without heat storage – A Review’, Renewable and Sustainable energy review, Vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 691 – 701.
-
Nallusamy, N, & Velraj, R 2009, ‘Numerical & Experimental Investigation on a combined sensible and latent heat storage units integrated with solar water heating system’, ASME – Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, Vol. 131, pp. 1-8.
-
Pasupathy, A & Velraj, R 2008, ‘Effect of double layer phase change material in building roof for year round thermal management’, Energy & Building, Vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 193 –203.
-
Pasupathy, A, Athanasius, L, Velraj, R &Seeniraj, R V 2008, ‘Experimental investigation & numerical simulation analysis on the thermal performance of a building roof incorporating (PCM) for thermal management’, Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 28, pp. 556 –565.
*All the journals listed are relevant to this proposedresearch
List of awards and honours conferred on the PI withdates
HONORS AND AWARDS
-
Recipient of “Best Innovation Award – 2013” by AnnaUniversity.
-
Recipient of “Best Poster Award - 2012” by Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Pune; Naval Post Graduate School & Office of Naval Research,USA.
-
Recipient of “Active Consultant Award - 2011” by AnnaUniversity.
-
Recipient of “DAAD Award” for Ph.D. Research at Solar Institute, Juelich during June 1995- Jan 1997 by DAAD, Germany.
     SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS of PI
As a Researcher As an Academician
As a Consultant
Energy Audit - 11
Ph.D.– 24 Completed&
12 Ongoing
Publications – 111 (International journals)
Major Breakthrough
Attained global position in the field of
thermal energy storage
Expertise in the field of Heat Transfer&
CFD
Major Breakthrough
40 Webinar lectures on HMT Created
good interest and knowledge dissemination in HMT
Technology evaluation study -6
Biomass resource study –7 Performance evaluation study - 4
Major Breakthrough Project Coordinator–District wise Biomass
resource assessment study – Book published and owned by TEDA
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