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AN HISTORY OF THE ORIGINAL PARISH OF WHALLEY AND HONOR OF CLITHEROE. AN HISTORY OF THE ORIGINAL PABISH OF'WHALLEY, AND HONOR OF CLITHEROE. TO WHICH IS SUBJOINED AN ACCOUNT OF THE PARISH OF CARTMELL. 15 Y THOMAS DUNHAM WHITAKEK, LL.D., F.S.A. VICAR OF WHALLEY. THE FOURTH EDITION, REVISED AND ENLARGED, BT JOHN GOUGH NICHOLS, F.S.A. AND THE KEV. PONSONBY A. LYONS, B.A. VOLUME I. 1872.
CONTENTS OF THE FIKST VOLUME. PAGE
Biographical Memoirs of The Author .......... xiii Original Dedication to Charles Townley, esq. ......... Ivii Preface to the First Edition ........... lix Subscribers to the First Edition .......... Ixiv Advertisements to the Second and Third Editions ........ Ixvi BOOK I. CHAP. I. Introductory. Natural Features, Rivers, Etymology ...... 1 CHAP. II. Roman History . . . . . . . . . . .11 The Itinerary attributed to Richard of Cirencester . . . . . .14 Ribchester and its Antiquities ......... 17 Roman Roads . . . . . . . . . . .41 CHAP. III. Memorials of the Parish during the Saxon JEra . . . . . . .48 Domesday Book for Lancashire, South of the Ribble . . . . . .53 BOOK II. CHAP. I. Ecclesiastical History ........ . (15 The Status de Blackbnrnshire . . ...... G6 The White Church under the Leigh . . . . . . . .70 The Deans of Whalley .......... 73 Case of the Monks of Pontefract regarding the Church of "Whalley . . . .77 Peter de Cestria, the only Rector of Whalley ....... 80 CHAP. II. History of Whalley Abbey, originally founded at Stanlavv in Cheshire . . . .83 Grievances of the Abbey of Salley on the translation of the Abbey of Stanlaw . . .84 Valor of the Church of Whalley and its Chapels, taken in 1296 . . . .80 Abbots of Stanlaw, and the Monks at their translation to Whalley . . . .88 Biographical Catalogue of the Abbots of Whalley . . . . . .91 The Hermitage, and its Abolition ........ 101 Injunctions given to the Monastery of Whalley, temp. Hen. VIII. . . . .107 The Pilgrimage of Grace ... . . . . . . .108 Catalogue of the Monks of Whalley, during the 14th and 15th centuries . . . 112 The Compotus of 1478 and that of 1521 (in parallel columns) ..... 116 The Construction of Monasteries in general and of Cistercian Houses in particular . .135 The Remains of Whalley Abbey as they exist at present ...... 139 Indulgences granted for the removal of Stanlaw . . . . . . .144 Poetical Epitaphs of the Lacies . . . . . . . .147 Documents from the Commonplace Book of the Abbey . . . . . .149 French Poem written after the Battle of Neville's Cross . . . . . .155 b Ti CONTENTS. PAOE CHAP. IL continued. French and Latin Poem on Taxation, written circ. 1337 .... Latin Sermon by Fr. Johannes de Glovernia, who died in 1328 ..... Documents relating to the Appropriation of the Church of Whalley to the Abbey . Valuation of Great Tithes in 1298 and 1310 ..... Petition for Appropriation of the Church of Preston ...... Various Corrodies granted by the Abbey ... Obit founded for Bishop Koger de Meuland .172 Eights of the Chapel of Clitheroe and Church of Slaidburne within the Forest of Bowland . 173 Visitation made by John Abbot of Savigny in 1320 . . .177 Dead of Sale of a Slave (p. 175) and the hiring of a Servant for Life . . " . .179 Eunic Alphabet (with fac-simile) .... 18. Contracts for Sale and Delivery of Wood ....... 16. Sale of the Abbey and its Demesnes ........ Notices of Whalley Park . ... 183, 203 Inventory of all the Goods of the Monastery, 28 Hen. VIII. . . . .185 The Abbey Kitchener's last Account, 28 Hen. VIII. . .... 188 Part of another Inventory made in 1536 . . .... 189 State of the Abbey estates after the Attainder .......* Observations on the Dissolution of Monasteries . . . .190 Agreement on the Tithe of Hay, made in 1 330 . . . . ib. Valor of the Estates of the Abbey, 36 Hen. VIII. . . . 191 The Lcctionary of Whalley Abbey, throughout the year . . . . . .193 Seals attached to Whalley Charters (as engraved in Plate) ..... 200 The Seal and Arms of Whalley Abbey . ...... 201 CHAP. III. Parish Church and Vicarage of Whalley . ...... 202 The divisce made in 1306 between the medieties of Billington ... . 203 Chapels of the old foundation in the Parish of Whalley, with the measure of their respective glebes in oxgangs and acres ........ 205 Exoneration of the Chaplains of Colne, Burnley, Church, and Haslingden, from the repairs of the Parish Church . . . . . . . . . ib. Chapelries of the later foundation ........ 207 List of the Vicars of Whalley ......... 211 Pedigree of Johnson or Johnston . . . . . . . .214 Documents collected. by William Johnson, Vicar of Whalley ..... 215 Return of the Chapelries and their Ministers, made in 1650 . . . . .218 Richard Dugdale, the Surey Demoniac . . . . . . . .221 Ministers' Orders, in the Hundred of Blackburn, 1649 ....... ib. Instruction for my Lord of Canterburies Benefices in Lancashire . . . .223 Undertaking of William le Wolf of Kirklawton, Vicar of Whalley, not to seek any increase of the new foundation of Whalley Vicarage, 1336 ...... 225 BOOK III. CHAP. I. Origin, Progress, and Ramifications of Property . . . . . .226 Four senses of the manerium or manor . . . . . . . . 228 Domesday Survey of the Hundred of Blackburn ...... ib. Inquisition on the death of Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln ..... 230 CHAP. II. Lords of the Honor of Clitheroe ......... 236 The First House of Lacy ... . ib. CONTENTS. vii PAQK CHAP. II. continued. Hugh de la Val, the intruding Lord of Clitheroe ... . 237 The family of Lizours, and Second House of Lacy ...... 239 The Royal House of Lancaster ......... 252 George Monck, Duke of Albemarle, and his Descendants ..... 253 CHAP. III. Castle of Clitheroe, and Chapel of St. Michael in Castro ...... 255 List of Chaplains -....... 257 Calendar of Documents relating to the Chapel ....... 258 CHAP. IV. Honor of Clitheroe, with the Forest and other Demesnes . . . . .203 Feodary of the Earl of Lincoln in Blackburnshire . . . . . . ib. Custumale of Blackburnshire, taken by inquisition 3 Hen. IV. ..... 2G5 Officers of the Honor of Clitheroe ........ 267 Senescalli, or Stewards of Blackburnshire . . . . . . .268 FORESTS. The Laws and Customs of ancient Forests ........ 270 The Forests of Blackburnshire and Bowland ....... 282 Commission for granting lands within the Forest, 22 Hen. Petition of the Copyholders, temp. Charles II. ....... 289 Charter of Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, to Blackburnshire . . . . .290 Quitclaim of the Abbot of Kirkstall, to Margaret Countess of Lincoln and Pembroke, for timber in the Forest .......... ib. Charges of Queen Isabella against the Abbot of Whallcy and others .... ib. Letter of King Edward III. to John Radcliff'e, Steward in 1348 . . . . ib. Customs of the Honor of Clitheroe, in 1670 ....... 292 PENDLE FOREST. The hill, or mountain, and George Fox's Well .... 296 Sudden eruption of water in the year 1669 ..... ib. Vaccaries in the Forest, temp. Hen. VII. and Eclw. IV. ...... 297 NEWCHURCH IN PENDLE .... ..... 299 HEYHOUSES ........... 300 Witchcraft in Pendle Forest, 1633 ........ ib. Charter of Henry de Lacy regarding the boundaries between Bernoldswick and his forest .. 304 FENCE, and the Vaccaries of Sabden, West Close, and Higham .... 305 IGHTENHILL PARK ... ...... 306 Accompts of the royal Equitium, or haras, of Ightenhill ...... 308 Accompts for repairing the houses of the manor, 1426 ...... 312 List of Parkers of Ightenhill ......... 313 The Forest or Chase of TRAWDEN ........ ib. The Chase of ROSSENDALE . . . . . . . . .314 Ancient entrenchment of THE DYKES . . . . . . . ib. The Booths and Vaccaries of Rossendale, 22 Hen. VII. . . . . . .315 The Park of MUSBURV .......... 316 NEW CHURCH IN ROSSENDALE . . . . . . . . .318 The Chapel of GOODSHAW, the village of BACOPE, and river Irwell .... 320 The Chace of ACCRINGTON and leases of the Vaccary of Antley ..... 321 The mine of iron-stone .......... 322 The manor of TOTTINOTON . . . . . . . . . 323 Charters of Roger de Montbegon to the Priory of Bretton ..... 324 62 f CONTENTS. Vlll PAGE FORESTS continued. on/* The Chapel and Chnrch of HOLCOMBE List of the Bailiffs and Eeeves of Tottington The Forest of BOWLAND and Brenand Chapel Perambulation of the Forest in 1483, 329; and in the Seventeenth Century Survey of the Chace of Bolland, made in 1652 . lb - Domesday Survey of the Manor of Grinleton The Bowbearer of Bowland 332 > 3 ; The river Hodder, and Chapel of WHITEWELL . .333 Biographical notice of Richard Rauthmell the antiquary . The mansion-house of BROWSHOLME Biographical notice of Thomas Lister Parker, esq. F.R.S. and F.S.A. . 337 Historical papers preserved at Browsholme 339 A Balade of Maryage ' .340 Pedigree of Parker (following p. 340) The Forests and Demesnes of Blackburnshire 341 Documents relating to the Forests Bowland, 343; Leagrim Park, 347; Radholme Park, 349; Manor-house of Whitewell ... ... .351 Leases of the Vaccaries in the Forest of Rossendale 353 Survey of Woods in Bowland, 31 May 1620 354 List of the Master Foresters of Blackburnshire, 355; of Bowland, ib. ; Parkers of Radholme, 356; Parkers of Lathegryme .... 357 Compotus of Thomas Lord Stanley, Receiver of Clitheroe, 1464 . . . . . ib. Mines of Coal and Slate, and Conveyance of the Forest revenues . 361 Commission regarding Future Rents, temp. Hen. VII. .... 362 LIST OF PLATES. Portrait of the Author . . . . . . To face the Title. Map of the Ancient Parish of Whalley ..... Page 1 Roman Antiquities, Plate I. . . . . . . .32 Plate II 34 Distant View of Whalley Abbey . . . . . .83 Whalley Abbey, from the River . . . . . . .135 Whalley Abbey, from the Cloister Court . . . . . .139 Plan of Whalley Abbey . . . . . . . .140 Seals attached to Whalley Abbey Charters ..... 200 Seals of the Ancient Lords of Blackburnshire ..... 252 View of Clitheroe, from Eadisford Bridge ...... 255 Whitewell, and the Keeper's Lodge in the Forest of Bowland . . . 333 Browsholme, in the year 1800 (drawn by William Turner) . . . 336 in the year 1809 (drawn by John Buckler) .... 337 Portrait of Edward Parker, as Bowbearer of Bowland, about 1690 ; and repre- sentations of various Antiquities at Browsholme ..... 338 The Pedigree of Parker of Browsholme to follow page 340. PREFACE TO THE PRESENT EDITION. THE History of Whalley on its first appearance, in the year 1801, was hailed with general approbation. A scholar and a man of genius had condescended to irradiate with his learning and his eloquence a department of literature that of late had been mainly characterised by tedious details relating to the descent of property, and dry deductions of genealogy. Books of Topography had hitherto been books for reference only, but here was one that could be perused with gratification and delight. The Author had great advantages in the field of his inquiries. A country of extraor- dinary natural magnificence and beauty, yet of the utmost wildness in its pristine condition, had become the thriving dwelling-place of a teeming and busy population : offering the most wonderful contrasts, and presenting for observation and comment continual changes in social progress. A Roman city yielded up a rich store of its buried treasures. A wealthy monastery unfolded ample records of its former grandeur and influence, and all the curimis details of its internal discipline. The ancient lords of the territory had been historical personages, acting their busy parts in life among the highest of the ancient nobility, and merging at last in princes of the blood royal. Here were some of those forests which pro- vided certain of their wants, and a large proportion of their pleasures, but under laws and customs very different to those of modern use. These were interesting subjects, and the materials for illustrating them were fortunately abundant. When such subjects and materials were treated not only with intelligence and taste, but with all those embellish- ments that were the fruit of brilliant talents and well-directed scholarship, the result was such as to persuade the world that a new era had arrived in Topography. The success which the author achieved encouraged him to pursue his inquiries in other neighbouring districts, and to produce a series of works, of which some account will be found in the ensuing biography. The History of Whalley was reprinted in the year 1818 as a Third Edition; the Second Edition, dated 1806, not having been an entire reprint, but formed by many cancellings, additions, and supplements. And this course of procedure constitutes, in fact, the chief defect of the Third Edition, as well as of the Second, and even, it must be admitted, of Dr. Whitaker's whole method, or want of method, as a local historian. The limes labor was not a task in which he was disposed to engage. He took no pains to amend his original text, 1 but continually corrected it by supplementary statements, reverting to preceding passages, perhaps from memory only, and expecting the reader to do the same. Thus, in the course of the present work, he will often be found to introduce a subject for a second time, ! amplify and elucidate his former statements, and sometimes, from a lapse of his really powerful memory, to which he too much trusted, actually to some extent repeat them. 3 Many subjects are thus dislocated and divided, or discussed in several places, an arrangement which, if intentional, would show that the Author not merely expected that his book should be read throughout, but that the reader should retain in his mind all he had previously perused, as in other historical works of the highest class. Remembering, however, the more ordinary character of works of this kind, and the more ordinary uses to which they are generally applied, as books for occasional consultation, the present Editors have considered it desirable to make cross-references in such cases, and the book when completed will be rendered still further useful and available by an adequate Index, a very necessary feature in which it has hitherto been miserably defective. Another matter to which in the revision of this Edition especial attention has been paid is the collation of documents, and the verification of quotations and references, many of which, it may be fairly declared, Dr. Whitaker had put forth with " all the carelessness of genius ; " and this is said advisedly, not overlooking the claim to " correct and authentic transcripts," which, with singular self-deception, he makes in his first Preface. Eor the records the present Editors have had recourse to the original manuscripts, wherever they were accessible, and in such cases it may be asserted that, with scarcely an exception, they have now the satisfaction to present a more accurate and often much fuller text. For
any of his three editions) his hope expressed in 1796 (in his manuscript copy) that Mr. Tovvneley would write on the Roman Antiquities discovered at Ribchester, although Mr. Towneley had actually addressed the Society of Antiquaries on the subject in 1798, and the Society had published his memoir in 1799. Yet in another place, at p. 486, Dr. Whitaker mentioned the Dissertation on the Ribchester Helmet, printed in the Vetusta Monumenta, as the only literary essay that Mr. Towneley ever gave to the public. 2 The most serious instance of this is Clitheroe, the history of which is given partly in Chapter IV. of Book III. and partly in Chapter II. of Book IV. The latter will fall in the Second Volume of the present Edition. ' Among several other repetitions in the Third Edition, the same document regarding the Chapelries of the Classis of Blackburn that is printed in full in the note at p. 160 is afterwards given in abstract in the text at p. 416. PREFACE. xi such blemishes as, they are sensible, may after all have escaped their notice they still solicit a candid indulgence. In justice to themselves, and to the Publishers who are at the expense of this Edition, the Editors think it proper to specify further the extent of their additions. They must first remark, by way of anticipation, that they do not undertake to continue the recent history of the ancient Parish of Whalley during the last half-century. That would not only have enlarged the work to too great an extent, but it would have diluted its historical character, and have in fact made it a totally different book. The modern history of the district has been in part published in Baines's History of Lancashire, and more recently, to a certain extent, in Newbigging's History of the Forest of Rossendale. It may hereafter be written, more in detail, on a consistent and well-considered plan.
of the lists of incumbents of the older churches, and the masters of the grammar schools, this edition will be rendered as complete as possible.
being brought down in all particulars to the present time, should impart a character to this edition which will deserve and insure a lasting reputation.
been disposed to employ had it been available to him, the occasion is taken to improve the text and to add valuable information in the notes. Altogether this First Volume has received an accession of more than one-fourth of new matter : which the reader will readily distinguish by its being marked throughout with [ ].
fresh information and additional engravings to the extent of more than seventeen pages, including a description of Dr. Whitaker's own plates, which was hitherto wholly omitted.
from various sources, and especially from the singular commonplace-book or miscellany kept by the monks (and now preserved in the British Museum,) from which Dr. Whitaker himself made many extracts. Among these are the two political Poems in pp. 155, 156, only partly and incorrectly printed by Dr. Whitaker, but now rendered complete. The exceedingly curious Lectionary in pp. 193-199 is a new feature, and a document of which the Editors know of no parallel belonging to any English monastery.
of the Abbey itself has been found, and is engraved for the first time. x5i PREFACE. Among the documents relating to the Forests very large additions are inserted; and, generally speaking, considerable use has been made of the records of the Duchy of Lancaster, which have become accessible in the Public Record Office. The various compoti, and more particularly that relating to the Royal equitium, or haras, at Ightenhill Park, will be found to unfold many particulars of a character hitherto little understood. The 'lists of Foresters, Parkers, and Officers of Clitheroe Castle are now first compiled. The Customs of the Honor of Clitheroe, at p. 292, are also introduced for the first time into this Edition. An account of the principal records and other archives upon which this History is chiefly founded, (promised at p. 149,) it is proposed to prefix to the Second Volume. The Author's own copy of the last Edition being now the property of the Publishers, his latest marginal notes have been available for use ; and others made by his amanu- ensis the late Rev. Samuel J. Allen, M.A. in a copy still belonging to his son the Rev. George Samuel Allen, M.A. of Manchester, have contributed a considerable amount of information ; whilst Mr. G. D. Tomlinson of Huddersfield has kindly communicated various manuscript corrections made in the first and second editions by Dr. Whitaker's antiquarian friend and coadjutor Mr. Beaumont of Whitley and Little Mitton. To Ralph F. Ainsworth, esq., M.D., of Manchester, the Editors are indebted for the loan of the copy of the First Edition formerly belonging to Matthew Gregson, F.S.A.
the utmost kindness, answered the various inquiries with which the Editors have found it necessary to trouble him ; and many important communications have been received from the Rev. F. R. Raines, M.A., F.S.A. Vicar of Milnrow, and Hon. Canon of Manchester; from William Langton, esq. of Manchester; William Beamont, esq. of Orford Hall, Warrington, F.R.A.S. ; Mr. Dixon Robinson, of Clitheroe Castle; Mr. Alderman Wilkinson, of Burnley ; Mr. William Haworth, of Burnley ; and other gentlemen. In architectural matters, Mr. William Angelo Waddington, author of Architectural Sketches on the Colder and Ribble, in and around Whalley, has earned their especial thanks, and particularly for his careful ground-plan of Whalley Abbey. BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS OF THOMAS DUNHAM WHITAKEE, LL.D. F.R.S. F.S.A. AT the close of the account, given in this Work, of his predecessors in the Vicarage of Whalley, Dr. Whitaker introduced the following biographical notices of himself, which it has been thought desirable to transfer to the present more prominent position, and to append to them some additional particulars, and an account of his literary performances :
in the parsonage-house of Rainham, Norfolk, which is the subject of a singular story, recorded by Sir Henry Spclman. 1 The writer's father was, in 1759, Curate of that parish; but, his elder brother dying unmarried in the beginning of the following year, he came, Oct. 3, 1760, to reside at his paternal house at Holme, 2 which had never been out of the occupation of the family from the reign of Henry VI. " In November, 1766, the writer of this was placed under the care of the Rev. John Shaw, of Rochdale, an excellent grammarian and teacher. In 1771 he became sickly, and apparently declined, so as to be incapable of any attention to books till the year 1774, when he was placed in the family of the Rev. William Sheepshanks, 3 at Grassington, Yüklə 4,81 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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