Contributions

Table FP3.1: Linkages of FP3 to other FPs of GLDC.

Cluster of Activities	FPs	FP3 role	Collaborating FP role	Outputs; added value
3.1 Cropping systems management	All FPs	Assembly and testing of cereal and legume crop combinations in integrated crop-tree- livestock systems.	FP4 and FP5 for germplasm; FP1 for scenarios and priority setting; FP2 for socio-economic and value chains fit of options.	Combined work will result in better targeting and fitting of options to farm realities.
3.2 Innovations for managing abiotic & biotic stresses	FP4 and FP5	Interventions, recommendations, models and sustainability indicators for efficient use of natural resources and nutrients; better and safer control of pests and diseases.	FP4 and FP5. Provision of improved stress-tolerant germplasm; inputs into scenario assessments by FP1 and FP2 in responding to markets and value chains.	Integrated natural resources and nutrient management approaches that reduce risk and improve input-use efficiency including agro- chemicals to meet functional markets.
3.3 Testing, adapting and validating options	FP1 and FP2	Complementary in enabling environment to facilitate innovations and adoption; integrated assessment and validation of FP2 interventions and feeding back to FP1 prioritization.	FP1 and FP2 value chains, demand, constraints and prioritization; impact analysis and strategies for adaptation.	Complementary perspective on the role of markets, household resources and preferences in enabling the environment for intensification/ diversification; multi-scale evaluation of promising options.

With the two other CoA in FP3, this CoA will facilitate a coordinated set of action research activities targeted to different context-specific farming system types. The aim here will be to enhance food and nutritional security and systems resilience through appropriate integration of cropping systems, tree and livestock using improved technologies, climate information, resource management, post-harvest loss reduction options and markets. These activities will also identify, in collaboration with CoA 2.1 (testing within value chains) and FP1, complementary innovations that are required in an enabling environment to facilitate innovations and adoption at the household and community scales. The impacts of livelihood enhancing interventions on ecosystem services delivery and flow across spatial and temporal scales will be assessed. Trade-off analyses will seek to identify optimum strategies for implementation, explicitly testing emergent complementarities and conflicts at both household (GLDC) and landscape levels (WLE). This CoA will be complemented by FP2 identifying options for integrating into value chains and whole agri-food system. Engaging with multiple stakeholders and Innovation Platforms will facilitate the design and implementation of research in development over larger scaling domains. Using the indicator and sampling frames developed by FP1, farm and household level data generation and reporting will be built-in for concurrent monitoring and feed back to all the FPs.