Course-5 Understanding Disciplines and School Subjects pmd

Block - 2 : Classification and Teaching Across
Disciplines
Unit - 1 : Classification of Academic Disciplines
Unit Structure
2.1.1.
Learning Objectives
2.1.2.
Introduction
2.1. 3.
Learning Points and Learning Activities
2.1.3.1.
Need and Importance of Classification of Disciplines
‘Check Your Progress’- 1
2.1.3.2.
Classifications of Academic Disciplines
2.1.4.
Let us Summarise
2.1.5.
Answers to ‘Check Your Progress - 1 and 2
2.1.6.
Unit-end Exercises
2.1.7.
References
2.1.1. Learning Objectives
After learning through this Unit, the student teachers will be able to
•
Classify the Academic Disciplines
•
Explain the criteria of classification of Academic Disciplines
•
Describe Biglan’s classification of Academic Disciplines
•
Explain the Biglan-Becher typology
2.1.1. Introduction
You have already studied about the meaning of ‘Discipline’ and ‘Academic Discipline’
in the first block of this course. Did you ever think of how these disciplines come into
existence? Do you think knowledge emerged as we study and teach today in our schools?
No! Knowledge neither emerged nor developed in the past as we see it today. There was a
time when knowledge was not classified as physics, chemistry, history, etc. In the past,
Knowledge was considered under a single discipline known as ‘Philosophy’. At the time of
geographical invasions, people could discover more and more places, and as a result their
knowledge got widened. They found that knowledge is so vast, that one person in his life
time cannot learn everything and therefore only a part of it can be studied. Hence, they
started analysing knowledge in order to classify it. Thus, the single and all-encompassing
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knowledge started getting classified under different disciplines. You are familiar about the
degree called ‘Doctor of Philosophy’. This degree will be given in disciplines like
Mathematics, History, Languages and other subjects also. This is because all the subjects
were studied under a single discipline ‘Philosophy’. This story of the classification of the
‘whole knowledge’ is very interesting. Let us study, in the present Unit, how knowledge
was classified, what are the different classifications and the criteria for classification.