Criminal division – sentencing



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  1. CRIMINAL DIVISION – SENTENCING



11.1 Sentencing principles & sentencing orders

11.1.1 Sentencing models

11.1.2 Sentencing of adults

11.1.3 Sentencing of juveniles

11.1.4 Sentencing principles

11.1.5 Sentencing orders - Sentencing hierarchy

11.1.6 The community supervisory orders detailed and compared

11.1.7 No power to impose an aggregate sentence of detention under the CYFA

11.1.8 Restitution/Compensation/Costs

11.1.9 Additional orders including disqualification & forfeiture

11.1.10 Struck out

11.1.11 Children’s Court has no direct power to impose community work/service

11.1.12 Order for forensic procedure on finding of guilt

11.1.13 Sentencing powers of Supreme Court or County Court

11.1.14 Sentencing court not bound by agreement between Crown and defence

11.1.15 Procedural fairness

11.1.16 Relevance of United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child

11.1.17 Sentencing for conspiracy compared with sentencing for completed offence

11.1.18 Offending in a custodial setting is a relevant sentencing consideration

11.2 Selected cases on sentencing

11.2.1 Young adults & children sentenced under the Sentencing Act

11.2.2 Children and young persons sentenced under the CYPA & CYFA

11.2.3 Sentencing hierarchy

11.2.4 Factual basis of sentencing

11.2.5 Purpose of a Youth Justice Centre sentence [formerly YTC]

11.2.6 Parity of sentencing

11.2.7 Double jeopardy

11.2.8 Effect of guilty plea, admission of offence and/or assistance to the authorities

11.2.9 Relevance of risk to offender’s safety while in custody /

Relevance of protective custody

11.2.10 Effect of forgiveness by the victim

11.2.11 Effect of mental illness / mental disorder

11.2.12 Effect of intellectual disability

11.2.13 Effect of ill health and/or age

11.2.14 Effect of delay

11.2.15 Relevance of gambling addiction

11.2.16 Relevance of drug addiction

11.2.17 Relevance of intoxication

11.2.18 Relevance of hardship on offender's family

11.2.19 Relevance of Aboriginality

11.2.20 Relevance of recall or risk of recall by Parole Board

11.2.21 Relevance of likely forfeiture under the Confiscation Act

11.2.22 Sentencing for manslaughter / defensive homicide / attempted murder / murder

11.2.23 Sentencing for culpable driving / dangerous driving causing death

11.2.24 Sentencing for intentionally / recklessly / negligently causing serious injury, affray / riot / reckless endangerment

11.2.25 Sentencing for drug trafficking / cultivation / importation

11.2.26 Sentencing for armed robbery

11.2.27 Sentencing for burglary / aggravated burglary

11.2.28 Sentencing for rape

11.2.29 Sentencing for offences against the person committed on public transport

11.2.30 Sentencing for attempting to pervert the course of justice

11.2.31 Sentencing for property damage

11.3 Some mechanics of sentencing

11.3.1 “Instinctive synthesis” or “two-tiered approach”

11.3.2 Use of sentencing statistics and sentencing snapshots

11.3.3 The Sex Offenders Registration Act 2004 and its relevance to sentencing

11.3.4 Power to direct time held in detention before trial be reckoned as already served

11.3.5 Exercise of mercy

11.3.6 Conviction or non-conviction

11.3.7 Effect of an injury sustained by offender while committing a crime

11.4 Material admissible in sentencing hearings under the CYFA

11.4.1 Pre-sentence & group conference reports

11.4.2 Report, submission & evidence on behalf of child

11.4.3 Prior finding of guilt

11.4.4 Prosecutor’s submissions & duty

11.4.5 Victim impact statements

    1. Deferral of sentencing

11.6 Group Conference

11.6.1 Restorative justice

11.6.2 The Victorian Group Conference program

11.6.3 Goal

11.6.4 Consultation with Youth Justice

11.6.5 Mechanics

11.6.6 Conference Outcomes

11.7 Criminal Division Statistics

11.7.1 Victorian statistics

11.7.2 Australian & world statistics

11.8 Parole & Remissions

11.8.1 Parole

11.8.2 Remissions

11.9 Temporary leave from detention

11.10 Transfers between custodial institutions

11.11 Further custodial sentence imposed on detainee

11.12 Breach of sentencing orders made under the CYFA

11.12.1 “Generic” provisions governing commencement, hearing and transfer of breach proceedings

11.12.2 Powers upon proof of breach of CYFA sentencing order (other than fine default)

11.12.3 Fine defaults

11.13 Breach of sentencing orders made under the Sentencing Act

11.14 Sunset provision for Children's Court priors

11.15 The “ROPES” Program

11.15.1 The program

11.15.2 The target group & eligibility criteria

11.15.3 The aims & objectives of the program

11.15.4 The content of the program

11.15.5 The consequence of a positive completion of the program

11.16 The MAPPS Program

11.17 Sentencing of adults for child abuse

11.17.1 Sexual abuse

11.17.2 Use of the internet to procure sex

11.17.3 Possession/production/transmission of child pornography

11.17.4 Other sexual offending against children

11.17.5 Relevance of consent in sentencing for unlawful sexual activity with a child

11.17.6 Physical abuse

11.17.7 Causing death

11.18 Sentencing of adults for offence against protective worker

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