Regulation of cadmium in seafood: The Code currently lists a maximum limit of 2 mg/kg for cadmium in molluscs (excluding dredge/bluff oysters). There is no maximum limit for fish, crustacea or calamari.
Hazard identification and characterisation: The most sensitive toxicological concern from cadmium exposure is long-term kidney damage. The provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) of 7 µg/kg bw is based on the most sensitive parameter for kidney damage, namely, an increase in the urinary excretion of low molecular weight protein as a result of reduced re-absorption in the renal tubules. Toxicity is manifested only after many years of slow accumulation of cadmium in the renal cortex and then only if a critical concentration is achieved.
However, the toxicological significance of this observed change with respect to kidney damage is still not established, as it is clear that the excretion of low molecular weight proteins normally increases with age. Food-borne cadmium is recognised as the major source of exposure for the majority of the population.
In June 2003, JECFA maintained the current PTWI based on an evaluation of new data submitted on cadmium in humans. The Committee reaffirmed its previous conclusions that an effect on the kidney (renal tubular dysfunction) is the critical health outcome with regard to cadmium toxicity.
Dostları ilə paylaş: |
