Dar seafood ppp standard

References

Bricelj, V.M. and Shumway, S.E. (1998) Paralytic shellfish toxins in bivalve molluscs: occurrence, transfer kinetics, and biotransformation. Rev. Fisheries Sci. 6(4): 315-383.

Campbell, D.A., Kelly, M.S., Busman, M., Bolch, C.J., Wiggins, E., Moeller, P.D.R., Morton, S.L., Hess, P. and Shumway, S.E. (2001) Amnesic shellfish poisoning in the king scallop, Pecten maximus, from the west coast of Scotland. J. Shellfish Res. 20(1): 75-84.
Cawthron Institute (2001) Australian biotoxin management plan for shellfish farming. An FRDC-funded project for the Australian Shellfish Quality Assurance Advisory Committee. Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand.
Cembella, A.D., Shumway, S. E. and Lewis, N.I. (1993) Anatomical distribution and spatiotemporal variation in paralytic shellfish toxin composition in two bivalve species from the Gulf of Maine. J. Shellfish Res. 12: 389–403.
Gifford, S., Dunstan, R.H., O’Connor, W., Roberts, Y. & Toia, R. (2004) Pearl aquaculture – profitable environmental remediation? Sci. Total Environ. 319(1-3): 27-37.
NZFSA (2003) Non-commercial marine biotoxin monitoring in New Zealand: risk-based programme enhancement – final report, May 2003. New Zealand Food Safety Authority. http://www.nzfsa.govt.nz/animalproducts/publications/reports/biotoxin-report.pdf. Accessed on 22 November 2004.
Watson-Wright, W., Richard, D., Belliveau, A., McGuire, A. and Marshall, I. (1990) PSP content of roe cannot be predicted from that in other tissues of Bay of Fundy scallops (Placopecten magellanicus) Toxicon 28(6): 628. (Conference Abstract: Third Pan. Amer. Symp. on Plant, Animal and Microbial Toxins, Oaxtepec, Mexico, 1989).

1 Bivalve molluscs means all molluscan bivalves with the exclusion of spat, and scallops and pearl oyster meat where the only part of the product consumed is the adductor muscle.

2 OzFoodNet Working Group (2003), Foodborne disease in Australia: incidence, notifications and outbreaks. Annual report of the OzFoodNet network, 2002, Communicable Diseases Intelligence

3 Food Science Australia & Minter Ellison Consulting (2002), National Risk Validation Project - Final Report.

4 Primary production standards are not covered by the Treaty between Australia and New Zealand for the development of joint standards.

5 ABARE, Australian Fisheries Statistics 2003

6 During 2002-03, although total production volumes rose to 249,000 tonnes, the GVP fell to $2.3 billion. This has been largely attributed to the lower export values for many species. Media Release 18 February 2004, Australian Seafood Industry Council.

7 As set out in the Australia New Zealand Food Regulation Ministerial Council’s Overarching Policy Guideline On Primary Production And Processing Standards. http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/_srcfiles/ANZFRMC%20OVERARCHING%20POLICY%20GUIDELINE%20-%20PP%20STDs.pdf)

8 Across the full range of industry, including catchers/producers, processors, wholesalers and retailers.

9 HACCP – Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system – is a science based and systematic documented system that identifies specific hazards and measures for their control to ensure the safety of food.

10 Brundtland, G.H. ‘Food Safety – A World-Wide Challenge’, Food Chain 2001, WHO Food Safety Strategy, 2001.

11 NRVP page 87.

12 NRVP page 39.

13FRDC/Ruello and Associates, op. cit.

14 As the NRVP case study of contaminated bivalve molluscs in NSW showed.

15 A listericidal process is one which would normally involve heat processing, usually 70ºC for 2 minutes or equivalent, to achieve a 6D reduction in the pathogen load. The D value is the time required at a given temperature to destroy 90% of the population of a given micro-organism.

16 Bivalves molluscs means all molluscan bivalves with the exclusion of spat, and scallops and pearl oyster meat where the only part of the product consumed is the adductor muscle.

17 Recommended International Code of Practice: General Principles of Food Hygiene, CAC/RCP 1-1969, Rev. 3-1997, Amd. (1999)

18 WHO Food Safety Strategy, 2001.

19 Australian Bureau of Statistics, 6535.0 Household Expenditure Survey, Australia.

20 FRDC/Ruello and Associates (September 2002) Retail Trade and Consumption of Seafood, pp 14

21 Mori, T. (2001). A health promotion program incorporating fish for withdrawal of antihypertensive drugs in overweight hypertensives, FRDC Project No. 2002/242, presented at Seafood Directions 2003. Also in FRDC (2001) What’s so healthy about seafood?

22 For more information, visit Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service website - www.aqis.gov.au

23 Information provided by industry members of the Seafood Standard Development Committee (SDC), Seafood Services Australia and the Sydney Fish Market.

24 Information provided by industry, particularly the Sydney Fish Market.

25 NRVP feedback from focus groups, page 108.

26 Based on the volume of seafood available for consumption in Australia, calculated from annual production, import and export figures given in: ABARE (2004) Australian Fisheries Statistics 2003, Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Canberra.

27 Based on consumption surveys in Sydney and Perth, summarised in: Ruello and Associates (2002) Retail sale and consumption of seafood – revised edition, Fisheries Research and Development Corporation, Canberra

28 Martinez, I., James, D. and Loreal, H. (forthcoming) Application of modern analytical techniques to ensure seafood safety and authenticity, technical paper prepared by the Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations.

29 Cato, J.C. (1998) Seafood Safety – Economics of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point programs, FAO Fisheries Technical Paper – 381, Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations.

30Allen Consulting Group (May 2002) Food Safety Management Systems: costs, benefits and alternatives.

31 Food Science Australia & Minter Ellison Consulting (2002), National Risk Validation Project, Final Report (NRVP).

32 NRVP page 87 and Appendix F.

33 See discussion of public health risk in earlier section of this report, the Regulatory Problem.

34 NRVP page 87.

35 NRVP page 39.

36FRDC/Ruello and Associates, op. cit.

37 As the NRVP case study of contaminated bivalve molluscs in NSW showed.

38 NRVP page 83.

39 NRVP page 7.

40 See discussion in the NRVP final report on page 79. The report states that any resources freed up in the health field because of lower incidence of food-borne illness will be used elsewhere (in the health field).

41 Information provided by industry members of the Seafood SDC.

42 Martinez, James and Loreal, op cit, and Cato, op. cit.

43 See discussion in the NRVP final report on page 79. The report states that any resources freed up in the health field because of lower incidence of food-borne illness will be used elsewhere (in the health field).

44 By the NSW Food Authority.

45 Information provided by government members of the Seafood SDC.

46 Suggestion made by a government member of the Seafood SDC.

47Campbell Research and Consulting (2003). Food Safety Standards Implementation Project. Report prepared for Dept of health and Ageing, Canberra, June 2003

48 Australian Government (2000). Food Regulation Agreement (Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet). http://www.dpmc.gov.au/docs/DisplayContents1.cfm?&ID=86

49 Communique (1997). Council of Australian Governments Meeting. 7 June 1997.

http://www.dpmc.gov.au/docs/DisplayContents1.cfm?&ID=82

Communique (2000). Council of Australian Governments Meeting. 3 November 2000. http://www.dpmc.gov.au/docs/DisplayContents1.cfm?&ID=85

50 Howard, J. (1997). More time for business. Statement by the prime Minister, 24 March 1997. http://www.pc.gov.au/orr/reports/external/mtfb/mtfb.pdf

51 FRDC (2002). Retail sale and consumption of seafood (revised edition). Fisheries Research and Development Corporation (FRDC), Canberra.

52 Australian Bureau of Statistics, 6535.0 Household Expenditure Survey, Australia.

53 ABARE, (2003). Australian Fisheries Statistics 2002. FRDC, Canberra.

54 Mori, T. (2003) A health promotion program incorporating fish for withdrawal of antihypertensive drugs in overweight hypertensives, FRDC Project No. 2002/242

55 FRDC/Ruello and Associates (September 2002) Retail Trade and Consumption of Seafood, pp 14

56 NRVP page 87.

57 NRVP page 39.

58 Australian Bureau of Statistics, 6535.0 Household Expenditure Survey, Australia.

59FRDC (2000). Investing for tomorrow’s fish. FRDC Research and Development Plan, 2000 to 2005. (FRDC, Canberra).

60 Australia Bureau of Rural Sciences, (2002). Fishery status reports 2000-2001. (A. Caton, ed.) DAFF, Canberra.

61 ABARE, (2003). Australian Fisheries Statistics 2002. FRDC, Canberra.

62 During 2002-03, although total production volumes rose to 249,000 tonnes, the GVP fell to $2.3 billion. This has been largely attributed to the lower export values for many species. Media Release 18 February 2004, Australian Seafood Industry Council.

63FRDC/Ruello and Associates (September 2002), Retail Sale and Consumption of Seafood.

64 Specific food safety issues concerning pearl oyster meat have been considered separately, due to the very low volume consumed and the high level of uncertainty regarding tissue distribution of toxins in these species. A brief discussion of these issues is at Appendix 5.

65 Jim Sim, Principal Advisor (Shellfish), Animal Products Group, New Zealand Food Safety Authority, personal communication, November 2004.