Data analysis and interpretation
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v/;k; & 2 lh,lvkbZvkj iz;ksx”kkyk,¡ vkSj muds xzUFkky; 2- oSKkfud ,oa vkS|ksfxd vuqla/kku ifj’kn ¼lh,lvkbZvkj½ Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR): “kks/k ,oa fodkl ds {ks= esa ns”k dh vxz.kh oSKkfud ,oa vkS|ksfxd “kks/k ifj’kn ¼lh,lvkbZvkj½ dh LFkkiuk o’kZ 1942 esa rRdkyhu dsUnzh; fo/kkf;dk dh laLrqfr ij dh xbZ FkhA ;g ,d Lok;r laLFkk gS tks jftLVªs”ku vkWQ lkslk;Vh vf/kfu;e 1860 ds vUrZxr iathd`r dh xbZ gSA ifj’kn dk mn~ns”; vkS|ksfxd izfrHkkfxrk] lkekftd mRFkku] “kfDr”kkyh oSKkfud ,oa rduhdh vk/kkj rFkk ekSfyd Kku dh o`f) gSA orZeku esa ifj’kn ds lEeq[k fuEu egRoiw.kZ dk;Z fu/kkZfjr fd;s x;s gSa&
Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk o’kZ 2003 esa ?kksf’kr foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh dh uhfr Hkh ,d egRoiw.kZ dne gS ;g uhfr foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh dks bl izdkj izLrqr djrh gSA ftlls fo”oO;kih izfrHkkfxrk ds vfrfjDr foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ds lkekftd] vkfFkZd ,oa i;kZoj.k lEcU/kh izHkkoksa dk ijh{k.k Hkh vfuok;Z gks tkrk gSA ;g uhfr ewy “kks/k gsrq Bksl vk/kkj iznku djrh gS ,oa ekuo”kfDr dh vko”;drk ij Hkh cy nsrh gSA lkFk gh oSKkfudksa ,oa fofHkUu rduhdh lgHkkfxrk ds }kjk oSKkfud ,oa izkS|ksfxdh {ks= esa uohu vk;ke fu/kkZfjr djrh gSA orZeku esa lh,lvkbZvkj dks fo”o ds dqN o`g~n “kks/k ,oa fodkl laLFkkuks esa ls ,d laLFkku ds :i esa ekU;rk izkIr gSA ifj’kn dh 38 vR;kf/kd lqlfTtr iz;ksx”kkyk,¡ tks u dsoy ns”k dks ,d egku ,oa o`g~n usVodZ ds :i esa fu:fir djrh gS vfirq izR;sd Hkkjrh; dh thou “kSyh esa xq.koRrk ykrh gSA lh,lvkbZvkj vUrjkZ’Vªh; “kks/k esa ,d egRoiw.kZ va”k ds :i esa fo”oLrjh; Kku ds fodkl esa viuh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrk gSA lh,lvkbZvkj ns”k esa lcls cM+s lwpuk lalk/ku dsUnzksa esa ls ,d izeq[k oSKkfud laLFkk gS tks foKku vkSj izkS|ksfxdh ds {ks= esa vuqla/kku ds fy, fujUrj iz;kljr gSA bldk eq[; mn~ns”; lh,lvkbZvkj dUlksf”kZ;e ds }kjk lh,lvkbZvkj xzUFkky; L=ksrkas dks iwfyax o Hkkxhnkjh djds bySDVªkWfud ,Dlsl dks rhozrk ls vuqla/kkudrkZvksa o oSKkfudksa dks miyC/k djkuk gS rkfd os bySDVªkWfud ,Dlsl iz.kkyh ls Hkyh&Hkk¡fr ifjfpr gks ldsA fuLds;j o vU; iz;ksx”kkyk,¡ bZ&if=dkvksa ds ,Dlsl gsrq lh,lvkbZvkj iz;ksx”kkykvksa dks dUlksf”kZ;k ds :i eas lsok iznku djrh gSA orZeku esa lh,lvkbZvkj vius lHkh xzUFkky;ksa dks 10 gtkj ls T;knk bZ&tuZYl o gtkjksa iqLrdsa fujUrj miyC/k djk jgk gSA lh,lvkbZvkj vius xzUFkky;ksa dh v/;;u lkexzh ls tqMh ekaxksa dks iwjk djus esa izfro’kZ yxHkx 50 djksM+ :i;s [kpZ dj jgk gSA oSKkfud fodkl ds ckjs esa tkx:drk QSykus vkSj ;qokvksa dh orZeku ih<+h ds chp u, oSKkfud mRiUu djus ds mn~ns”; gsrq lh,lvkbZvkj izpfyr yksdfiz; foKku if=dkvksa& lkbal fjiksVZj ¼vaxszth ekfld½] foKku izxfr ¼fgUnh ekfld½ vkSj foKku dh nqfu;k fuLds;j ds }kjk izdkf”kr djrk gSA 2-1 lh,lvkbZvkj iz;ksx”kkyk,¡ (CSIR Laboratories): lh,lvkbZvkj dh Hkkjro’kZ esa “kks/k ds fofHkUu {ks=ksa esa dk;Zjr 38 iz;ksx”kkyk,¡ fuEu gS&
Central Building Research Institute (CBRI), Roorkee, Uttaranchal
Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Delhi
Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CERI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute (CEERI), Pilani, Rajasthan
Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
Central Fuel Research Institute (CFRI), Dhanbad, Jharkhand
Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute (CGACRI), Kolkata, West Bengal
Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute (CMERI), Durgapur, West Bengal
Central Mining Research Institute (CMRI), Dhanbad, Jharkhand
Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), New Delhi
Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIO), Chandigarh, Punjab
Central Salt & Marine Chemical Research Institute (CSAMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujarat
Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh
Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), Kolkata, West Bengal
Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
Indian Institute of Petroleum (IIP), Dehradun, Uttaranchal
Indian Institute of Technological Research (IITR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Institute of Microbial Technology (IMT), Chandigarh, Punjab
National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL), Bangalore, Karnataka
National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI), Lucknow, UP
National Chemical Laboratory (NCL), Pune, Maharashtra
National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, Maharashtra
National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI), Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), Goa
National Institute of Science Technology & Development Studies (NISTADS), New Delhi
National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources (NISCAIR), New Delhi
National Metallurgical Laboratory (NML), Jamshedpur, Bihar
National Physical Laboratory (NPL), New Delhi
Regional Research Laboratory (RRL), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
Regional Research Laboratory (RRL), Bhubaneshwar, Orissa
Regional Research Laboratory (RRL), Jammu, J & K
Regional Research Laboratory (RRL), Jorhat, Assam
Regional Research Laboratory (RRL), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
Structural Engineering Research Centre (SERC), Chennai 2-2 fnYyh fLFkr lh,lvkbZvkj iz;ksx”kkyk,¡ (CSIR Laboratories in Delhi): lh,lvkbZvkj dh fnYyh fLFkr “kks/k ds fofHkUu {ks=ksa esa dk;Zjr 5 iz;ksx”kkyk,¡ ftuds xzUFkky;ksa dks orZeku v/;;u gsrq “kks/kdrkZ }kjk p;fur fd;k x;k gS fuEu gS&
Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), New Delhi
National Institute of Science Technology & Development Studies (NISTADS), New Delhi
National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources (NISCAIR), New Delhi
Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Delhi
National Physical Laboratory (NPL), New Delhi 2-2-1 dsUnzh; lM+d vuqla/kku laLFkku ¼lhvkjvkjvkbZ½ Central Road Research Institute (CRRI): dsUnzh; lM+d vuqla/kku laLFkku ¼lhvkjvkjvkbZ½ dh LFkkiuk Hkkjr ljdkj ds oSKkfud ,oa vkS|ksfxd vuqla/kku ifj’kn ds vUrxZr ,d jk’Vªh; vuqla/kku iz;ksx”kkyk ds :i esa lu~ 1948 esa fnYyh esa dh xbZ FkhA laLFkku vkbZ,lvks 9001 izek.k&iz= izkIr laLFkku gS tks jktekxZ vkSj ifjogu izkS|ksfxdh ds izeq[k {ks=ksa esa O;olk;] mPp xq.koRrk vkSj fo”o Lrj ij Lohdk;Z vuqla/kku vkSj ijke”kZ lsok,a iznku djrk gSA laLFkku ds ikap vuqla/kku ,oa fodkl {ks= rFkk pkj volajpuk rduhdh lgk;rk {ks= gSaA lhvkjvkjvkbZ esa vuqla/kku vkSj fodkl {ks=ksa ds lM+d vkSj lM+d ifjogu ds lHkh igyqvksa ij vuqla/kku vkSj fodkl dk;Z fd, tkrs gSA budh xfrfof/k;ksa dks fuEu ik¡p izeq[k {ks=ksa esa ckaVk tk ldrk gS&
laLFkku izk;ksftr vkSj vuqca/k vuqla/kku dk;Z djrk gS vkSj lHkh ljdkjh vkSj futh {ks= ds laxBuksa ds fy, ijke”kZ lsok,a iznku djrk gS o vusd izf”k{k.k dk;ZØeksa dk lapkyu Hkh djrk gSA 2-2-1-1 izks- ,l- vkj- esgjk xzUFkky;% lhvkjvkjvkbZ fLFkr izks- ,l- vkj- esgjk xzUFkky; jktekxksZa vkSj ifjogu ds {ks= esa dk;Zjr oSKkfudksa] bathfu;jksa vkSj iz”kkldksa ds fy, izys[ku lsok,a iznku djrk gSA xzUFkky; esa yxHkx 1 yk[k ls vf/kd lanHkZ iqLrdsa] if=dk,¡] rduhdh fjiksVZ] ekudksa fofunsZ”kksa] ekbØksfQYe] uD”ks] lhMh&jkse ds MsVkcsl] ohfM;ksa dSlsV vkfn dk fo”kky laxzg gSaA lhvkjvkjvkbZ xzUFkky; ds vk¡dMk vk/kkj dh tk¡p ds fy, baVªkusV ij osc vksisd lsok miyC/k gSA VªkaliksVZ lhMh rFkk flfoy vfHk;kaf=dh lfgr ßchvkbZ,lß vk¡dMk vk/kkj ,oa lHkh ,,lVh,e ekud vk¡dMk vk/kkj tSls jk’Vªh; ,oa vUrjkZ’Vªh; vk¡dMk vk/kkj Hkh ;gk¡ miyC/k gSA lh,lvkbZvkj bZ&tuZYl dalksfVZ;e ds vUrxZr fofHkUu izdk”kdksa ds ek/;e ls baVjusV }kjk bZ&tuZYl dks mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks lqyHk djk;k x;k gSA
lhvkjvkjvkbZ iz;ksx”kkyk fLFkr xzUFkky; vius mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks “kks/k ds fy, fuEu lsok,a iznku dj jgk gS&
2-2-1-3 vuqla/kku ,oa fodkl lqfo/kk,¡% lhvkjvkjvkbZ xzUFkky; vuqla/kku ,oa fodkl ds fy, mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks fuEu lqfo/kk,¡ ns jgk gS&
2-2-2 jk"Vªh; foKku] izkS|ksfxdh vkSj fodkl v/;;u laLFkku ¼fuLVSM~l½ National Institute of Science, Technology and Development Studies (NISTADS): jk"Vªh; foKku] izkS|ksfxdh vkSj fodkl v/;;u laLFkku ¼fuLVSM~l½] UkbZ fnYyh foKku] lekt rFkk “kklu ds chp ikjLifjd fØ;k ds fofo/k igyqvksa ds v/;;u gsrq lefiZr gS vkSj fujarj foKku] izkS|ksfxdh rFkk lekt esa feyu&fcanq dh [kkst dj jgk gSA ckSf)d fofo/krk bl laLFkku dk eq[; vk/kkj gSA laLFkku ds ladk; esa funs”kd lfgr 31 lnL; gSaA blesa 23 lnL; foKku ;k bathfu;fjax esa fMxzh j[krs gSa tcfd “ks’k 8 lkekftd foKkuksa esaA fuLVSM~l esa iathd`r “kks/k Nk=@Nk=kvksa dks fofHkUu fo”ofo|ky;ksa ls ih,p-Mh- fMxzh izkIr gksrh gSA 2-2-2-1 laLFkku dh “kks/k xfrfof/k;k¡% fuLVSM~l dh “kks/k xfrfof/k;k¡ fuEu gSa&
2-2-2-2 xzUFkky; (Library): fuLVSMl ns”k esa foKku vkSj izkS|ksfxdh ds v/;;u ds fy, lefiZr dqN vuqla/kku laLFkkuksa es ls ,d gSA orZeku esa ;g foKku vkSj izkS|ksfxdh ds v/;;u ds {ks= esa lkfgR; dh jk’Vªh; fu{ksikxkj ds :i esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk jgk gSaA fuLVSMl xzUFkky; fyfCll lkW¶Vos;j iSdst dk mi;ksx dj jgk gS tksfd ,d Lohd`r cgq&mi;ksxdrkZ xzUFkky; izca/ku iz.kkyh ij vk/kkfjr gS] fyfCll es vf/kxzg.k] lwphdj.k] ifjlapj.k] lkfef;dh] vuqØef.kdj.k ekM;wy “kkfey gSaA fuLVSMl xzUFkky; esa laxzghr yxHkx 30000 iqLrdksa dk xzaFk lwph fjdkMZ fyfCll lkW¶Vos;j ds }kjk [kkstk@ns[kk tk ldrk gSA xzUFkky; esa dEI;wVj foKku] orZeku lanHkZ] ckSf)d laink vf/kdkj] euksfoKku] fgUnh iqLrdksa o lanHkZ iqLrdksa dk cgqr gh vPNk o mi;ksxh laxzg gSA xzUFkky; ds ikl lks”ky lkbal fjlpZ tuZYl] iatkc fo”ofo|ky;] paMhx< o MsyusV dh lnL;rk gSA ;g “kSf{kd vkSj vuqla/kku xzUFkky;ksa ds lkFk lalk/kuksa dh lk>k xfrfof/k;ksa esa Hkkx ysrk gSA ;g viuh fo”ks’kKrk ds {ks=ksa esa vius “kks/k dk;Z ds fy, ckgj ds fo}kuksa ds vuqjks/k ij izys[k miyC/k djkrk gSA
jk’Vªh; foKku lapkj laLFkku ¼fuLdke½ rFkk Hkkjrh; jk’Vªh; oSKkfud izys[ku dsUnz ¼bUlMkWd½ ds fnukad 30 flrEcj 2002 dks gq, foy; ds Ik”pkr jk’Vªh; foKku lapkj rFkk lwpuk lzksr laLFkku ¼fuLds;j½ vfLrRo esa vk;kA fuLdke rFkk bUlMkWd nksuks gh oSKkfud rFkk vkS|ksfxd vuqla/kku ifj’kn ¼lh,lvkbZvkj½ ds izeq[k laLFkku Fks tks fd oSKkfud rFkk izkS|ksfxdh; lwpuk ¼,l- ,aM Vh-½ ds izys[ku rFkk izpkj&izlkj ds fy;s lefiZr FksA fuLdke fiNys N% n”kdks ls vfLrRo esa Fkk igys oSKkfud vkS|ksfxd vuqla/kku ifj’kn dh nks izdk”ku bdkb;ksa ftudk foy; dj izdk”ku foHkkx cuk fn;k x;k rFkk ckn es ftldk iquZuke izdk”ku ,oa lwpuk funs”kky; fd;k x;k rFkk o’kZ 1996 esa fuLdkWe j[kk x;kA fuLdkWe us viusa lwpuk mRiknksa tSls vuqla/kku rFkk yksdfiz; foKkku if=dkvksa fo”odks”k izdk”kuksa] eksuksxzkQksa] iqLrdksa rFkk lwpuk lsokvksa ds }kjk vuqla/kkudrkZvksa] fo|kfFkZ;ksa] m|fe;ksa] m|ksxifr;ksa] d`’kdksa] uhfr fu/kkZjdksa vkfn ds e/; viuh fof”k’V igpku cuk;hA bUlMkWd 1952 esa vfLrRo es vk;k rFkk viuh vla[; xfrfof/k;ksa tSls& lkjka”k rFkk vuqØe.khdj.k] MsVkcslksa dk vfHkdYiu rFkk fodkl] vuqokn xzUFkky; Lopkyu] vUrjkZ’Vªh; lwpuk L=ksrksa ij lqyHkrk iznku djuk] ekuo lalk/ku fodkl vk/kqfud xzUFkky; lg lwpuk dsUnzks dks cpkusa ds fy, ijke”kZ lsok,a iznku djuk bR;kfn }kjk foKku rFkk izkS|kssfxdh; lsok,a iznku djus es layXu FkkA bUlMkWd es jk’Vªh; foKku xzUFkky; rFkk lkdZ izys[ku dsUnz Hkh lekfgr FksA lu~ 2002 es foy; ds i”pkr fuLds;j ds :Ik es ,d ,sls laLFkku dk mn; gqvk tks vk/kqfudre lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh dk iz;ksx dj vf/kd izHkko”kkyh :Ik ls lekt dh lsok djus rFkk foKku lapkj] izpkj&izlkj rFkk foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh; lwpuk izcU/ku iz.kkyh ,oa lsokvksa ds {ks= es u;s foKku dks LFkkfir djus es l{ke gSA eq[; :Ik ls fuLds;j dh dsUnzh; xfrfof/k ikjEifjd RkFkk vk/kqfud rjhdksa ds lkeatL; }kjk foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh; lwpuk ds ,d=.k] laxzg.k] izdk”ku RkFkk izpkj&izlkj dh gS tks lekt ds fofHkUu oxksZ ds fy;s ykHknk;d gSA fuLds;j fo”o ds 44 ns”kks ds 150 ls Hkh vf/kd laLFkkuks es izdk”kuks dk vknku&iznku djrk gSA 2-2-3-1 fuLds;j ds mn~ns”;% fuLds;j dk mn~ns”; ns”k es foKku rFkk izkS|ksfxdh dh lkef;d RkFkk ikjEifjd Kku iz.kkyh ij miyC/k lHkh lwpuk L+=ksrkas dk eq[; laj{kd cuuk rFkk lokZf/kd mi;qDr izkS|ksfxdh dk mi;ksx djds LkHkh Lrj ds fofo/k la?kVdksa es foKku lapkj dks izksRlkfgr djuk o c foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ds fofHkUu {ks=ksa es vuqla/kku if=dkvksa ds :Ik es oSKkfud leqnk; es vkSipkfjd lapkj laidZ iznku djuk] tuekul fo”ks’kdj fo|kfFkZ;ksa es foKku ds izfr :fp tkxzr djus ds fy, foKku rFkk izkS|ksfxdh lwpuk dk izpkj&izlkj djukA ns”k dh ikni ,oa [kfut lEink rFkk vkS|ksfxd volajpuk ij lwpuk dk laxzgj.k] lEiknu@leoyksdu rFkk izpkj&izlkj djukA lwpuk izcU/ku es fo”ks’kdj foKku lapkj rFkk xzUFkky;ksa ds vk/kqfudhdj.k ds lanHkZ es lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh vuqiz;ksxksa dks lfØ; :Ik ls c<+kukA le; ij lacfU/kr rFkk lgh lwpuk dh lqyHkrk iznku dj vkfFkZd] lkeftd] vkS|kssfxd] oSKkfud rFkk okf.kfT;d fodkl dks vkxs c<+kus ds fy, ,d lqfo/kk iznkrk ds :Ik es dk;Z djukA fuLds;j ds LkEiw.kZ y{;ksa RkFkk mn~ns”; okys vUrjkZ’Vªh; laLFkkuks rFkk laxBuksa ds lkFk lg;ksx djukA
fuLds;j vkWuykbu ihfj;ksfMdYl fjiksftVjh ¼,uvksihvkj½ dk fØ;kU;ou vksiu lkslZ fMthVy fjiksftVjh flLVe lkW¶Vos;j ds vk/kkj ij fd;k x;k gSA blds }kjk fuLds;j viuh vuqla/kku if=dkvksa dks vkWuykbu lqyHk djrk gSA fuLds;j }kjk izdkf”kr lHkh 17 vuqla/kku if=dkvksa ds iw.kZ ikB lqyHkrk ls iznku djus ds fy, bUgsa vksiu ,Dlsl ek/;e ds vUrxZr http://nopr.niscair.res.in ls tksMk x;k gSA orZeku es u dsoy Hkkjr vfirq fo”oHkj ds fo|kFkhZ rFkk vuqla/kkudrkZ fuLds;j dh vuqla/kku if=dkvksa ls vksiu ,Dlsl }kjk ykHkkfUor gks jgs gSA blls jk’Vªh; rFkk vUrjkZ’Vªh; Lrj ij fuLds;j dh vuqla/kku if=dkvksa ds mi;ksx rFkk lnL;rk dks c fuLds;j vuqla/kku if=dkvksa dh n`”;rk dks c fuLds;j] lh,lvkbZvkj iz;ksx”kkykvksa }kjk bZ&tuZYl dks mi;ksxdrkZ dks iznku djus ds fy, dUlksZf”k;e dk fodkl djus ds fy, jk’Vªh; Kku lalk/ku dUlksf”kZ;e uksMy laxBu dk dk;Z djrk gsSA bl xfrfof/k esa izeq[k vUrjkZ’Vªh; laLFkkuksa }kjk izdkf”kr 10000 ls vf/kd oSKkfud vuqla/kku if=dkvksa ds l`tu ls ysdj lqyHkrk lqfo/kk ij ekWuhVfjax lfEefyr gSA blds }kjk lh,lvkbZvkj ds vuqla/kkudrkZ o oSKkfud bu vuqla/kku if=dkvksa dk mi;ksx dj vius iz;ksx ds fy, lkexzh MkmuyksM dj ldrs gSA fo”oHkj dh vuqla/kku if=dkvksa dk mi;ksx “kks/k dk;Z esa cgqr egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk dk fuokZg djus ds LkkFk&lkFk lh,lvkbZvkj iz;ksx”kkykvksa esa vuqla/kku rFkk fodkl dks l”kDr cukdj ns”k ds lkeftd ,oa vkfFkZd fodkl ds fy, mi;ksxh Kku mRltZu dks c fuLds;j u dsoy vius izdk”kuksa] ftlesa vuqla/kku if=dk,¡ Hkh lfEefyr gS] dh dEiksftax eqnz.k djrk gS] vfirq ;g vU; lh,lvkbZvkj iz;ksx”kkykvksa] laLFkkuksa] ljdkjh ,tsafl;ksa] foHkkxksa rFkk vU; laxBuksa ds fy, Hkh vk/kqfudre rduhdh dk mi;ksx djds fo”ks’k izdkj ds dk;ksaZ dks djrk gSA blds xzkgdksa esa fofHkUu lh,lvkbvkj iz;ksx”kkykvksa ds vfrfjDr bUlk (INSA), MhvkjMhvks (DRDO), Mh,ubZ,l (DNES), MhchVh (DBT), Mh,lvkbvkj (DSIR), MhvksMh (DOD), ,uchihthvkj (NBPGR), vkbZlh,vkj (ICAR), vkbZ,,evkj (IAMR), lhvks,lVhbZMh (COSTED), ,u,,e ,l ,aM Vh dsUnz (NAM S & T Centre), vkbZvkbZVh fnYyh] jsUcSDlh iz;ksx”kkyk,¡] dSx (CAG), Hkkjrh; ekSle foKku foHkkx] Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk i)fr foHkkx lfEefyr gSA fuLds;j esa uohure dEI;wVjksa] LdSUkjksa] fizUVjksssa rFkk fo”ks’kK tu”kfDr ;qDr ,d l”kDr MhVhih bdkbZ gSA ;g u dsoy fuLds;j izdk”kuksa dk dk;Z djrh gSA oju] Hkqxrku vk/kkj ij ckgjh {ks=ksa dk Hkh dk;Z djrh gSA xq.koRrk bl bdkbZ dk eq[; mn~ns”; gSA ,d izeq[k oSKkfud ,oa rduhdh izdk”ku x`g ds fy, vfuok;Z lHkh vko”;d lqfo/kk,a fuLds;j esa miyC/k gSA viuh dEI;wVj J`a[kyk] LdSuj] MsLdVkWi lqfo/kkvksa] izkslsl dSejksa ls usxsfVo&ikWftfVo fuekZ.k] IysV fuekZ.k] ,d jaxh rFkk }hjaxh dyj vkQlsV fizfVax e”khuksa ds }kjk] fuLds;j viuh lHkh fofo/krkiw.kZ vuqla/kku if=dkvksa] iqLrdksa] yksdfiz; foKku if=dkvksa ds eqnz.k dk dk;Z djrk gSA fuLds;j dk viuk ,d lqLFkkfir foi.ku foHkkx gSA fuLds;j vius lHkh izdk”kuksa tSls foKku izxfr] lkbZal fjiksZVj vuqla/kku if=dkvksa] iqLrdksa] yksdfiz; foKku if=dkvksa] yksdfiz; foKku iqLrdksa dk foi.ku Lo;a djrk gSA fuLds;j Hkkjr esa izdkf”kr gksu okys lkef;dh izdk”kukas dks vkbZ,l,l,u uEcj nsus gsrq vkbZ,l,l,u vUrjkZ’Vªh; dssUnz ds fy;s jk’Vªh; dsUnz dk dk;Z djrk gSA bu izdk”kuksa esa vuqla/kku if=dk,¡] lekpkj&i=] lekpkj if=dk,¡] funZsf”kdk] okf’kZd iqLrdsa] okf’kZd izfrosnu rFkk eksuksxzkQ J`a[kyk vkfn lfEefyr gSA vkbZ,l,l,u] lanHkZ ,oa iqUkizkZfIr tSls mn~ns”;ksa ds fy, izdk”kdksa] lIyk;jksa] xzUFkky;ksa] lwpuk lsokvksa] ckjdksM i)fr] ;wfu;udsVkykWx vkfn }kjk iz;ksx fd;k tkus okyk fo”o izfl) igpku dksM gSA vkbZ,l,l,u usVodZ i)fr ,d vUrjkZ’Vªh; laxBu }kjk pyk;h tkrh gS ftldk eq[;ky; isfjl esa fLFkr gSA
fcfCy;kseSfVªd lsokvksa dk iz;ksx fdlh Hkh vuqla/kku {ks= ds foLrkj] fodkl rFkk o`f) dk v/;;u djus rFkk izHkko”kkyh ys[ku o mRd`’Vrk ds {ks= dh igpku djus ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA ;s lsok,a foHkkx] laLFkku] vuqla/kku ;kstukdrkZvksa rFkk uhfr&fuekZrkvksa ds fy, ykHkizn gSaA fuLds;j }kjk iznku dh tk jgh fcfCy;kseSfVªd lsok,a fuEu gSa& blls Kkr gksrk gS fd izLrqr izi= fo”o lkfgR; esa fdruh ckj rFkk dgka ij m+)r fd;k x;kA fdlh vuqla/kku if=dk ds bEiSDV QSDVj dk vFkZ gS fd fdlh o’kZ fo”ks’k esa fdlh vuqla/kku if=dk ds vkSlr ys[k dks fdruh ckj m)r fd;k x;kA ;g ys[kd dh vuqekfur ¼ifjdfyr½ rFkk mRikndrk] vuqla/kku if=dkvksa dh izkFkfedrkvksa] bEiSDV QSDVj fo”ys’k.k] fo’k; o`f)] izo`fr fo”ys’k.k] vkfn ds fo’k; esa crkrk gSA laLFkkuksa] oSKkfud lewgksa] oSKkfud fo”ks’k }kjk izdkf”kr fd;s x;s vuqla/kku izi=ksa dk fo”ys’k.k bl izdkj ds vU; vuqla/kkuksa dh rqyuk esa fd;k tkrk gSA fuLds;j foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh] bathfu;fjax m|ksxksa vkfn ds {ks=ksa esa Lons”kh rFkk vUrjkZ’Vªh; MsVkcslksa ls ek¡x djus ij lkfgR; vuqla/kku lsok iznku djrk gS rFkk fcfCy;ksxzkQh dk ladyu djrk gSA fuLds;j 20 ls T;knk Hkk’kkvksa ds foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh izys[kksa dk vuqokn miyC/k djkrk gSA bu Hkk’kkvksa esa :lh] tkikuh] phuh] teZu] Ýkalhlh] Lisuh] brkyoh] iqrZxkyh] iksfy”k] psd Msfu”k] Mp] gaxsfj;kbZ] ukosZfj;u] jksekfu;k] LohfM”k] lckZs&Øksf”k;u vkfn lfEefyr gSA fuLds;j dh bl lsok dks jk’Vªh; iz;ksx”kkyk,¡] foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh laLFkku] vuqla/kku ,oa fodkl laxBu] dkWjiksjsV rFkk ifCyd lsDVj ds miØe] fo”ofo|ky;] vuqla/kkudrkZ vkfn Hkh izkIr djrs gSA xzUFkky; ,oa lwpuk dsUnzksa ds Lopkyu] vk/kqfudhdj.k rFkk iquxZBu ds {ks= esa laxBuksa ds fy, VuZdh ds vk/kkj ij fof”k’V MsVkcslksa dk vfHkdYiu ,oa fodkl] laiknu] mRiknu rFkk eqnz.k ds {ks= esa lhMh jkse izdk”ku dk;kZs esa ijke”kZd lsok,a fuLds;j ds }kjk iznku dh tk jgh gSaA ikBdksa rd lh/kh igqap cukus ds fy, fuLds;j jkT;] jk’Vªh; ;k vUrjkZ’Vªh; Lrj ij gksus okys yxHkx vf/kdka”k iqLrd esyksa esa Hkkx ysrk gSA fuLds;j viuh&fcØh oSu ds }kjk Ldwyksa] dkWystksa] vkbZvkbZVh] fnYyh fo”ofo|ky;] lh,lvkbZvkj iz;ksx”kkykvksa] vkbZ,vkjvkbZ] eq[; ifjljksa] fnYyh rFkk vkl&ikl ds eq[; egRoiw.kZ LFkkuksa esa fuLds;j izdk”kuks dh izn”kZuh ds LkkFk&lkFk mudh fcØh djrk gSSA fuLds;j foKku ,oa rduhdh ds {ks= esa lHkh izdkj dh tkudkjh iznku djus ds fy, ns”k esa ,d izeq[k dsUnz ds :i esa dk;Z djrk gSA jk’Vªh; lwpuk lalk/ku ds :i esa bldh Hkwfedk jk’Vªh; foKku xzUFkky; ¼,u,l,y½ ds ek/;e ls iw.kZ gks jgh gSA ;gk¡ foKku vkSj izkS|ksfxdh ds izdk”kuksa dk ,d O;kid laxzg gS tks jk’Vªh; Lrj ij lsok iznku djrk gSA ,u,l,y ,d jsQjy lsaVj ds :i esa vkSj ns”k esa ekStwnk laxzg dk lcls vPNk mi;ksx ds fy, fDy;fjax gkÅl ds :i esa dk;Z djrk gSA 1964 esa LFkkfir] ,u,l,y ns”k esa izdkf”kr lHkh egRoiw.kZ foKku vkSj izkS|ksfxdh izdk”kuksa dks izkIr djus vkSj lhMh&jkse ;k vU; bysDVªkWfud QkWeZ esa miyC/k if=dkvksa dks izkIr djds fons”kh if=dkvksa ds fy, vius lalk/ku vk/kkj dks etcwr cukus ds fy, dk;Z djrk gSA ,u,l,y esa fuEu {ks=ksa esa eksuksxzkQ vkSj if=dkvksa dk 3 yk[k ls vf/kd dk le`) laxzg gS&
fuLds;j }kjk iznku dh tk jgh fizaV lalk/ku lsok,a fuEu gSa& fuLds;j iznRr bZ&lalk/ku lsok,a fuEu gSa& daVasV~l] ,ClVªSDV~l rFkk QksVksdkWih lsok fuLds;j )kjk nh tkus okyh izeq[k lwpuk lsok gSA fuLds;j cgqr gh de [kpZ esa Hkkjrh; rFkk fons”kh vuqla/kku if=dkvksa ds ys[kksa dh izfr;ksa dks miyC/k djkrk gSA fuLds;j xzUFkky; vius izdk”kuksa dks fnYyh esa fLFkr vU; xzUFkky;ksa ds ekax fd;s tkus ij var% xzUFkky; _.k lsok ds ek/;e ls iznku djrk gSA fuLds;j xzUFkky; vius mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks Elsevier, Springer, American Institute & Physics, Blackwell, John Wiley, Cambridge, University Press, American Society for Mechanical Engineers, American Society for Civil Engineers, American Chemical Society, Royal Society of Chemistry, Taylor and Francis, Emerald, Oxford University Press vkfn izdk”kdks ds bZ&tuZYl dks Ýh ,Dlsl lsok ds ek/;e ls mi;kxdrkZvksa dks iznku djrk gSA vkbZthvkbZch iz;ksx”kkyk tSo izkS|ksfxdh ds fofHkUu {ks=ksa ds u, Kku vkSj izkS|ksfxdh ds fodkl esa dk;Zjr vxz.kh laLFkku gSA ftldk thukse lwpuk foKku ij fo”ks’k /;ku dsUnzhr gSA vkbZthvkbZch iz;ksx”kkyk thuksfeDl vkSj tSo lwpuk foKku ds {ks= esa fo”o Lrj ij cgqr gh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk jgk gSA vkbZthvkbZch xzUFkky; fnYyh fo”ofo|ky; ifjlj esa fLFkr gSA fo”ofo|ky; ifjlj esa gksus ds dkj.k vkbZthvkbZch Nk=ksa ds fy, fnYyh fo”ofo|ky; ds foKku xzUFkky; dk mi;ksx ljy gSA vkbZthvkbZch xzUFkky; esa yxHkx 5000 iqLrdksa o 60 oSKkfud if=dkvksa ¼vkWuykbu o fizaV½ dk izeq[k laxzg gSA blds vykok lh,lvkbZvkj bZ&tuZYl dalksflZ;k ij miyC/k 10]000 ls vf/kd if=dkvksa dk ,Dlsl vkbZthvkbZch xzUFkky; ds mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks lqyHk gSA blds vykok ts&xsV o MsyusV dh lsok Hkh mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks miyC/k gSA fgUnh iqLrdkasa dk laxzg Hkh xzUFkky; es gSA bu iqLrdksa dk mi;ksx lkekU;r% iz”kklfud o rduhdh deZpkfj;ksa vkfn ds }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA nSfud lekpkj i= o vusdksa if=dkvksa dks fofHkUu izdkj ds mi;ksxdrkZvksa gsrq xzUFkky; esa fujarj eaxk;k tkrk gSA oSKkfudksa o ih-,p-Mh- Nk=ksa dh vko”;drkvksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, xzUFkky; esa QksVksdkWih e”khu] LdSuj o fizaVj yxk;s x;s gSaA okbZ&QkbZ lqfo/kk;qDr 10 dEI;wVjksa dks mi;ksxdrkZvksa gsrq xzUFkky; esa yxk;k x;k gS o ySiVkWi ds mi;ksx gsrq lqfo/kk miyC/k gSA xzUFkky; viuh lHkh x`g dk;Z xfrfof/k;ksa dks iw.kZ djus gsrq fyfCll lkW¶Vos;j dk mi;ksx djrk gSA
jk’Vªh; HkkSfrd iz;ksx”kkyk ¼,uih,y½ 4 tuojh 1947 dks LFkkfir dh x;hA HkkSfrd foKku ds {ks= esa Hkkjr esa ;g ,d izeq[k lh,lvkbZvkj vuqla/kku iz;ksx”kkyk gSA iz;ksx”kkyk dk eq[; mn~ns”; ns”k esa foKku vkSj izkS|ksfxdh ds lexz fodkl ds fy, HkkSfrd foKku vk/kkfjr vuqla/kku vkSj fodkl dks etcwr cukus vkSj mUufr djuk gSA fo”ks’k :i ls blds mn~ns”; gSa& ekudksa esa ewy n{krkvksa dks fodflr djuk] “kh’kZ Lrj va”kkadu] bathfu;fjax lkexzh] bysDVªkWfud lkexzh] lkexzh y{k.k] jsfM;ks vkSj varfj{k HkkSfrdh] oSf”od ifjorZu vkSj i;kZoj.k v/;;u] de rkieku HkkSfrdh vkSj baLVªqesaVs”kuA ,uih,y xzUFkky; vuqla/kku o fodkl xfrfof/k;ksa ds fy, oSKkfudksa dks mi;ksxh lwpuk,¡ o lsok iznku djrk gSA xr o’kksZ esa ,uih,y xzUFkky; esa foKku o HkkSfrdh ds {ks= esa fo”ks’k :i ls iqLrdksa o if=dkvksa dk egRoiw.kZ laxzg fodflr gqvk gSA ,uih,y xzUFkky; QksVksdkWih lsok] bysDVªkWfud izys[k forj.k lsok] var% xzUFkky; _.k lsok] lanHkZ lsok vkSj lkfgR; [kkst vkfn xzUFkky; lsok,a vius mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks iznku djrk gSA xzUFkky; lh,lvkbZvkj dalksflZ;e ifj;kstuk ds rgr miyC/k djk;s x;s fofHkUu bZ&tuZYl dk vkuWykbZu Qqy VSDLV (Current & Back File) vius mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks miyC/k djkrk gSA bl bZ&dalksflZ;e esa fofHkUu lsok iznkrk izdk”kd tSls& Science Direct (Elsevier), Blackwell, Springer, American Institute of Physics (AIP), American Physical Society (APS), Wiley Inter Science, John Wiley & Sons, Oxford University Press, Royal Society of Chemistry, American Chemical Society vkfn gSA
xzUFkky; esa mPp xfr ok;jysl baVjusV lqfo/kk ;qDr dEI;wVjksa dk O;oLFkkiu djds bZ&tuZYl ,Dlsl dh lqfo/kk ,sls mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks Hkh miyC/k djk;h tk jgh gS tks fofHkUu “kS{kf.kd o “kks/k laLFkkuksa ls vkrs gaSA |