E sccr/21/2 Original: English date: August , 2010 Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights Twenty First Session Geneva, November to 12, 2010

Society

75 Society is not a stakeholder in the sense of being an actor as is the case in the previous six stakeholders. The interests of society will be affected by implementation of the proposed treaty, so it is included as a stakeholder in this report—a necessity for studying the social effects of the proposed treaty. The interests of society are handled

this way because these separate interests are not always articulated and pursued by the other stakeholders that have clear private and governmental interests in the proposed treaty.

76 Society represents the way members of a group live interdependently for mutual benefit. Society exists at community, local, regional, national, and international levels. Because it is both sub- and supra-national, society has interests separate from those of states and governments.

77 Because the concepts of society and its interests are somewhat vague, articulating its interests is by nature imprecise. As a stakeholder, society is concerned with non-market effects created by goods, services, interactions, and outcomes involving individuals, groups, enterprises, and social institutions.

78 A particular group of social concerns is based on the fact that the capabilities of members of different societies to communicate and express themselves and to access protected works vary widely because of individual and collective economic, social, and cultural developmental differences.

79 With regard to intellectual property issues, concerns focus on social welfare issues relating to improved compensation for creators, domestic employment opportunities, increased production and trade in content products and services, and cultural expression.

80 Some social concerns revolve around individual and collective expression, use of protected works in promotion of education and personal development, use of works and systems to promote expressive and democratic functions, and uses of content for the health and well being of members of society. Some concerns have specifically related to desires to separate treatment of webcasting from that of broadcasting and cablecasting and to ensure that access to knowledge is not harmed by provisions for technical protections in the proposed treaty.

81 The interests of society are represented by no single organization or entity and tend to involve issues at a higher level than private, institutional, or sectoral interests. Social concerns are voiced by a variety organizations and institutions, including social, cultural, consumer, and religious groups, non-governmental organizations, civil society organizations, states, and even stakeholders with economic interests in copyright protections. The interests of these groups may be broad or singular. The concerns of society relative to the proposed treaty have been voiced in WIPO and other international debates by creators’ organizations, consumer organizations, non-governmental organizations concerned with media development, civil society groups, organizations concerned with the flow of information, and at times by regional broadcasting unions. They are also sometimes represented by the variety of identified stakeholders, including consumers and states.