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| səhifə | 2/39 | | tarix | 28.08.2018 | | ölçüsü | 4,87 Mb. | | #75481 |
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PLOSIVES (STOPS)
1
|
/b/
|
Bir
Back
|
/bir/
/bæk/
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2
|
/p/
|
Paket
Panel
|
/pɑket/
/ˈpænəl/
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3
|
/d/
|
Dergi
Desk
|
/dergi/
/desk/
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4
|
/t/
|
Terzi
Turn
|
/terzi/
/tɜːrn/
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5
|
/g/
|
Geri
Give
|
/geri/
/gɪv/
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6
|
/k/
|
Kiraz
Key
|
/kirɑz/
/kiː/
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FRICATIVES
7
|
/f/
|
Fikir
Friend
|
/fikir/
/frend/
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8
|
/v/
|
Var
Voice
|
/vɑr/
/vɔɪs/
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9
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/θ/ = /th/
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Fethiye
Think
|
/feθije/
/θɪŋk/
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10
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/ð/ = /dh/
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Methetmek
This
|
/meðetmek/
/ðɪs/
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11
|
/s/
|
Sat
Sea
|
/sɑt/
/siː/
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12
|
/z/
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Zaman
Zoo
|
/zɑmɑn/
/zuː/
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13
|
/ʃ/
|
Şeker
Ship
|
/ʃeker/
/ʃɪp/
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14
|
/ʒ/
|
Jest
Vision
|
/ʒest/
/ˈvɪʒən/
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AFFRICATES
15
|
/dʒ/
|
Cadde
Job
|
/dʒɑdde/
/dʒɒb/
|
16
|
/tʃ/
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Çaba
Teacher
|
/tʃɑbɑ/
/ˈtiːtʃər/
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SONORANTS
17
|
/m/
|
Mağaza
Mineral
|
/mɑːzɑ/
/ˈmɪnərəl/
|
18
|
/n/
|
Nasıl
News
|
/nɑsəl/
/njuːz/
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19
|
/ŋ/
|
Ankara
Sing
|
/ɑŋkɑrɑ/
/sɪŋ/
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20
|
/h/
|
Herkes
Half
|
/herkez/
/hɑːf/
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21
|
/l/
|
Laf
Listen
|
/læf/
/ˈlɪsən/
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22
|
/r/
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Renk
Read
|
/reŋk/
/riːd/
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23
|
/w/
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Vur
Well
|
/wʊr/
/wel/
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24
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/j/
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Yer
Yellow
|
/jer/
/ˈjeləʊ/
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NOTE:
*Fricatives (continuants) are longer than plosives (stops).
VOWEL LETTERS / SOUNDS MATCH
SHORT PHONEMES
e
|
/e/
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Red
|
/red/
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a
|
/æ/
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Hand
|
/hænd/
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i
|
/ɪ/
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Kiss
|
/kɪs/
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unstressed
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/ə/
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Brother
|
/ˈbrʌðəʳ/
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u
|
/ʌ/
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Sun
|
/sʌn/
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u
oo
|
/ʊ/
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Bush
Look
|
/bʊʃ/
/lʊk/
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o
|
/ɒ/
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Lost
|
/lɒst/
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LONG PHONEMES
ee
ea
|
/iː/
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Keep
Beach
|
/kiːp/
/biːtʃ/
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er
ir
ur
|
/ɜː/
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Turkey
Skirt
Person
|
/ˈtɜːʳki/
/skɜːʳt/
/ˈpɜːʳsən/
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ar
|
/ɑː/
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Car
|
/kɑːʳ/
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oo
ew
|
/uː/
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School
Flew
|
/skuːl/
/fluː/
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or
al
aw
|
/ɔː/
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Born
Talk
Saw
|
/bɔːʳn/
/tɔːk/
/sɔː/
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y
|
/i/
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dirty
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/ˈdɜːʳti/
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u(a)
|
/u/
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usually
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/ˈjuːʒuəli/
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DIPH-THONGS
eer
ere
ear
|
/ɪə/
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Beer
Here
Near
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/bɪəʳ/ /hɪəʳ/
/nɪəʳ/
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ur
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/ʊə/
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Sure
Tour
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/ʃʊəʳ/ /tʊəʳ/
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air
are
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/eə/
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Hair
Share
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/heəʳ/
/ʃeəʳ/
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a-e
ai
ay
|
/eɪ/
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Make
Train
Say
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/meɪk/
/treɪn/
/seɪ/
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oy
oi
|
/ɔɪ/
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Boy
Noise
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/bɔɪ/
/nɔɪz/
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i-e
y
igh
|
/aɪ/
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Bike
My
Night
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/baɪk/
/maɪ/
/naɪt/
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o-e
oa
o
o(l)
|
/əʊ/
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Nose
Boat
Hello
Cold
|
/nəʊz/
/bəʊt/
/həˈləʊ/ /kəʊld/
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ou
ow
|
/aʊ/
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Shout
How
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/ʃaʊt/
/haʊ/
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NOTE:
SPELLING
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PRONUNCIATION
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Sing
|
/sɪŋ/
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Singing
|
/ˈsɪŋɪŋ/
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Singer
|
/ˈsɪŋər/
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CONSONANT LETTERS / SOUNDS MATCH
VOICED = SOFT CONSONANTS
CONSONANT SPELLINGS
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CONSONANT PHONEMES
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WORDS
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PRONUNCIATION
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b
bb
|
/b/
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Baby
Rabbit
|
/ˈbeɪbi/
/ˈræbɪt/
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j
ge
|
/dʒ/
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Jacket Language
|
/ˈdʒækət/
/ˈlæŋgwɪdʒ/
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d
dd
|
/d/
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Dad
Address
|
/dæd/
/əˈdres/
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th
|
/ð/
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That
|
/ðæt/
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g
gg
|
/g/
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Girl
Bigger
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/gɜːʳl/
/ˈbɪgəʳ/
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sion
sure
|
/ʒ/
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Decision
Leisure
|
/dɪˈsɪʒən/
/ˈleʒəʳ/
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l
ll
|
/l/
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Leg
Killing
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/leg/
/ˈkɪlɪŋ/
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m
mm
|
/m/
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My
Summer
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/maɪ/
/ˈsʌməʳ/
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n
nn
|
/n/
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Nose
Dinner
|
/nəʊz/
/ˈdɪnəʳ/
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ng
nk
|
/ŋ/
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King
Thank
|
/kɪŋ/
/θæŋk/
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r
rr
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/r/
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Right
Marry
|
/raɪt/
/ˈmæri/
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v
|
/v/
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Visit
|
/ˈvɪzɪt/
|
w
wh
u
|
/w/
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Wait
What
Quite
|
/weɪt/
/wɒt/
/kwaɪt/
|
y
|
/j/
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Year
|
/jɪəʳ/
|
z
|
/z/
|
Zoo
|
/zuː/
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VOICELESS = HARD CONSONANTS
CONSONANT SPELLINGS
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CONSONANT PHONEMES
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EXAMPLE WORDS
|
PRONUNCIATION
|
ch
tch
ture
|
/tʃ/
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Child
Match
Picture
|
/tʃaɪld/
/mætʃ/
/ˈpɪktʃəʳ/
|
f
ff
ph
|
/f/
|
Flower
Different Phonetic
|
/ˈflaʊəʳ/
/ˈdɪfərənt/
/fəˈnetɪk/
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h
|
/h/
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House
|
/haʊs/
|
c
k
ck
q
|
/k/
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Cat
Skirt
Nick
Quiz
|
/kæt/
/skɜːʳt/
/nɪk/
/kwɪz/
|
p
pp
|
/p/
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Pen
Apple
|
/pen/
/ˈæpəl/
|
s
ss
ci
ce
|
/s/
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Fast
Kissing
Cinema
Ice
|
/fɑːst/
/ˈkɪsɪŋ/
/ˈsɪnɪmə/
/aɪs/
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sh
tion
|
/ʃ/
|
She
Action
|
/ʃiː/
/ˈækʃən/
|
t
tt
|
/t/
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Tell
Cutting
|
/tel/
/ˈkʌtɪŋ/
|
th
|
/θ/
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Math
|
/mæθ/
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NOTE:
IN ENGLISH, THERE IS ONLY ONE STRONG VOWEL IN A WORD.
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PHONEMIC HARMONY = ONE STRONG SOUND + WEAK(S) SOUND
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TEACHING SOUND - SPELLING RELATIONSHIPS
A phonogram is a letter or combination of letters that represent a sound.
a
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b
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c
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d
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e
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f
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g
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h
|
i
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j
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k
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l
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m
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n
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o
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q
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p
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r
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s
|
t
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u
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v
|
w
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x
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y
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z
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