Adjusted (Standardized) Rate: If we want to compare the death rate of two populations with different age composition, the crude death rate is not the right yardstick. This is because rates are only comparable if the populations upon which they are based are comparable. And it is cumbersome to use a series of age specific death rates. The answer is “age adjustment” or “age standardization”, which removes the confounding effect of different age structure and yields a single standardized or adjusted rate, by which the mortality experience can be compared directly. The adjustment can be made not only for age but also for sex, race, parity, etc. a exercise is needed to understand this concept with explaining both direct and indirect methods
