Evidentiality in Uzbek and Kazakh

0.2.2 Glossing Conventions 
Where applicable, the glosses in this work follow the Leipzig Glossing Rules.
2
In order to 
distinguish between Uzbek and Kazakh in examples, the source text is followed either by (Uz) or 
(Kaz). When data is taken from other languages, the language in question is specified in the text 
and follows the transliteration scheme of the original. Data from Uzbek and Kazakh is 
transliterated as described in the tables in the front matter. As Kazakh morphemes vary due to 
vowel harmony and consonant assimilation, Kazakh data are frequently given in archiphonemic 
notation (e.g. -GAn) 
As noted above, the data for this work comes from native speakers, text sources, and the 
Internet. Data from the Internet is identified by a footnote immediately following the English 
gloss (1), and the sources of data from text literature, newspapers, and the like are cited beneath 
the example (2). Data collected during interviews with native speakers is not marked. 
(1) 
men qo’y go’sht-i-ni yaxshi ko’r-ma-y-man (Uz) 
I sheep meat-3-
ACC
good see-
NEG
-
PRES
-1
SG
‘I don’t like mutton.’
3
(2) 
Ertede bir kempir bol-ïp-tï, onïŋ žalğïz bala-sï bol-ïp-tï. (Kaz) 
long.ago an old.woman be-
CPST
-3 she.
GEN
single child-3 be-
CPST
.3 
‘Long ago there was an old woman, she had a single child.’ 
(Asqar 2009, 19) 
2
http://www.eva.mpg.de/lingua/resources/glossing-rules.php 
3
2008. “Uyg’ur taomlar fotosi” Uzbekistan Online Forum, 8 Mar. Accessed 18 July 2011. 
http://www.arbuz.com/archive/index.php/t-40713.html 

---

5 
When inline examples or morphemes are provided, the same abbreviations, (Uz) and (Kaz) are 
also employed. Whenever two reflexes of the same proto-morpheme are given, the Uzbek form 
is given first, followed by the Kazakh form (e.g. ekan/eken).