Executive summary

Annex ‘H’

EUROPEAN INVESTMENT BANK (EIB) AND

THE INVESTMENT FACILITY (IF)
The IF is one of the main instruments though which the EU hopes to attain its main objective as a weapon in the eradication of poverty by kick-starting economic development.
However, the IF, operating through the EIB is required to operate within the following constraints:

• 
  It will be managed as a revolving fund
  
• 
  It will operate on market terms at market rates
  
• 
  It is expected to generate returns on investments
  
• 
  It is expected to observe political directives which may mean that it will be unable to offer support to the private sector operating within a “rogue” state such as Zimbabwe
  

The EIB has also shifted its focus to lending exclusively to the private sector in recent years and no longer makes direct loans to governments except as:

• 
  Support for privatisation of governmental bodies
  
• 
  Support for government owned or partly owned businesses provided that they are run on a strictly commercial basis
  

Interface with the ACP Secretariat

1. 
   The ACP secretariat is able to promote the use of the IF to member states.
   
2. 
   Consult with governments and the private sector on how to utilise the funds.
   
3. 
   Consult on the investment guidelines to help remove internal guidelines which might be barriers to trade such as requiring companies to observe onerous EC standards with respect to labour and environmental laws and instead to observe internal state laws.
   
4. 
   Oversees and consults on projects undertaken by the EIB though the ACP Secretariat has no say on how or where IF funds are lent / spent.
   
5. 
   Is trying to negotiate more favourable terms for HIPCs which would otherwise be barred from accessing funds.
   
6. 
   Is facilitating negotiations with Small Island and landlocked states so that they can also access funds.
   

Annex ‘I’

THE ACP GROUP AND WIPO

The World Intellectual Property Organisation is at the centre of the increasingly important debate on the “ownership” of traditional knowledge, genetic material and bio-diversity.

The ACP Group acquired observer status to the WIPO on 7^th August 2003. With an already established presence in Geneva monitoring the developments at the World Trade Organisation, the ACP is in an excellent position to inform itself and its member states on intellectual property matters without incurring any additional expenses.
It is of concern that only 3 ACP member states responded to a WIPO Questionnaire on the Requirements for Disclosure Relating to Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge⁹³. In December 2004 comments were requested on the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. WIPO received a communication from the African Group, Ghana (notwithstanding the African position) and Belize⁹⁴. Again the ACP Group qua group could have provided a strong response on this matter to protect the rich genetic material and traditional knowledge which they all possess and which they run the risk of losing to “patents” of this material sought by the developed world. Given the intense interest in rainforests and the largely untapped resources of this kind in Central Africa and the Pacific, the ACP Group would be well advised to use their observer status to advantage and for the Secretariat to be in close touch with member states on developments in this field. A similar unity from the group to that displayed at the Doha Conference would go a long way towards protecting their interests.

Annex ‘J’
FAO AND THE ACP

It is worth noting that the FAO has a Liaison Office with the EU based in Brussels. According to the FAO contact with the Secretariat of the ACP Group of States forms part of the office’s mandate here in Brussels.

The activities of the Secretariat of the ACP Group of States/FAO Cooperation focuses on⁹⁵:

• 
  Facilitating the channel of information between the FAO and the Secretariat of the ACP Group of States;
  
• 
  Establishing and maintaining contacts with key persons of regional institutions of the ACP Group of States based in Brussels;
  
• 
  Representing the FAO at meetings, workshops, conferences and other relevant occasions organised by the Secretariat of the ACP Group of States;
  
• 
  Providing information on FAO strategies, activities and expertise to the Secretariat of the ACP Group of States;
  
• 
  Following up, in cooperation with the ACP Ambassadors and delegates of the regional institutions represented in Brussels, requests for funding of national and regional Food Security projects prepared by the FAO and submitted to the EU.
  

In the circumstances ACP interests with respect to the FAO can be well represented through the Liaison office of the FAO in Brussels without any additional cost to the ACP.

Annex ‘K’
GINI CO-EFFICIENT: MEASURUING INEQUALITY IN INCOME DISTRIBUTION
The Gini Co-efficient is a measure of inequality developed by the Italian statistician Corrado Gini and is usually used to measure income inequality.⁹⁶ The Gini co-efficient is a number between 1 and 0 where 0 corresponds with absolute equality (i.e. where everyone has zero income) and 1 (perfect inequality where one person has all the income and everyone else none).
The Gini co-efficient is the measure of the area between the Lorenz Curve (the rough measure of the inequality of the income distribution (shown in blue in the example below), and the 45º line (orange) which represents even distribution. In theory a steep curve suggests an uneven distribution of wealth where much of the wealth rests in the hands of a very few – a recipe for potential social unrest and upheaval.
The table below is an example of the Lorenz curve and the Gini co-efficient:


Adapted from: Measuring inequality in income distribution, Epidemiological Bulletin, Vol 22 No. 1, March 2001 www.paho.org
Annex ‘L’

CONTACTS LIST
H.E. Mr Ali Y. Ahmed Mr Paulo Baldan

Ambassador of the Republic of Sudan Centre pour le Développement de l’Enterprise

Embassy of Sudan 52 Avv. Herman Debroux

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First Secretary – Political Assistant Spécial du S.G.

South African High Commission – Nairobi General Secretariat of the ACP Group

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Counsellor - Head of Development Operations Expert – Coopération pour le Financement du

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Ms Francoise Moreau Mr Fai Moussa

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Mr Xolile Ndlangana Mr Sisa Ngombane

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S.E. Mr Ferdinand Nyabenda Senator Arthur Nzeribe

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Hon Vital G. Nzeribe Mr Jean Christophe Okandza

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Mr Escipion Oliveira Mr Ayodole Omotoso

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Mr Hameed A. Opeloyeru Ms Leila Palmer

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Mr Fudzai Pamacheche Dr Bernard Petit

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Mr Bernard Piette Ms Veniana Qalo

Premier Conseiller Programme Officer

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Dr Koos Richelle H.E. Mr José Luis Rocha

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H.E. Mr S.E.M. Saliou Cisse Dr Hameed Sow

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Ms Alison E Stone Mr Barber E. Tandina

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