G azərbaycan respublikasi təHSİl naziRLİYİ azərbaycan texniKİ universiteti M. M. QƏNDİLova e. Q. İsmayilova

JOKES, LAUGHS, SMILES
A young and pretty teacher of language told a student: “Say me a sentence containing a direct object.”

“Teacher, you are beautiful and charming.”

“What is just the object in that sentence?”

“To get a good mark.”

UNIT VII

We judge ourselves by what we

feel capable of doing, while others

judge us by what we have already

done.

Longfellow, Henry.
THE FIELDS AND USES OF PHYSICS
The story of man’s civilization is the story of his study of nature and application of his knowledge in his life. Primitive man was born, lived and died with little change in his manner of living from generation to generation. The laws of nature were not studied.

The use of tools, first of stone and later of metals, domestication of animals, development of writing and counting, all progressed slowly since rapid advance was not possible until man began to gather data and check theories. Till that time most of men’s knowledge was based on speculations of the Greeks.

A little over three centuries ago a man adopted the scientific method of studying his environment. After this the development of civilization has become increasingly rapid. The advance of all the natural sciences has been almost simultaneous. In fact, many of the prominent scientists were working in more than one field of knowledge.

Let us limit our attention to one field of physics. Probably more than any other science physics has changed the conditions under which man lives. Physics deals not with man himself, but with the things he sees and feels and hears. This science deals with the laws of mechanics, heat, sound, electricity, light, which have been applied in numerous combination to build our machine age. Modern physics also deals with electronics, atomic phenomena, photo-electricity, X-rays, radioactivity, transmission of matter and energy and the phenomena associated with electron tubes and electric waves of modern radio. Practical application of the development of physics continues at an ever-increasing rate. Therefore, “ Practical physics” plays a great role for the laws of physics which are applied in every movement we make, in every attempt at communication, in the warmth and light we receive from the sun, in every machine. Practical applications of physics are not all made by physicists, for the majority of those who apply the principles of physics are called “engineers’.

In fact, most of the branches of engineering are closely related with one or more sections physics: civil engineering applies the principles of mechanics; mechanical engineering utilizes the laws of mechanics and heat; electrical engineering is based on fundamentals of electricity, etc. The relation between engineering and physics is so close that a thorough knowledge and understanding of physical principles is important for progress of engineering. One of the tools common to physics and engineering is mathematics. Thus, physics and mathematics are the basic foundations of engineering.