Hebrew language for readers of english

אִלּוּלֵא, אִלּוּלֵי conj. pbh if not, but for, were it not for. [Compounded of אִלּוּ לֹא (= if not). For the dissimilation of לֹא to לֵא in אִלּוּלֵא see לוּלֵא.]

אֱלוּלִי adj. pbh of, or pertaining to, Elul. [Formed from אֱלוּל with suff. □ִי.]

אָלוּם m.n. fw alum. [Ultimately from L. alūmen (= alum; lit.: ‘bitter salt’). See ‘ale’ in my cedel. cp. אֲלוּמִינֽיוּם.]

אִלּוּם m.n. nh sheaving, stacking. [Verbal n. of אִלֵּם (= he sheaved). See אלם^I.]

אֲלוּמָה see אֲלֻמָּה.

אֲלוּמִינְיוּם m.n. fw aluminum, aluminium. [Modern L. alūminium, coined by the English chemist Sir Humphrey Davy (1778–1829) from L. alūm (= alum). He gave the new element the name aluminum, but changed it later to aluminium. See אָלוּם.]

אֵלוֹן m.n. oak. [Properly ‘a large strong tree’, and like אֵלָה (= terebinth; oak) derived from אול^I (= to be strong). cp. אִילָן.]

אַלּוֹן m.n. oak. [Related to Akka. allānu; related also to אֵלוֹן, to which it stands as אַלָּה^I stands to אֵלָה^I.]

אֲלוּנְטִית f.n. pbh bathing sheet; towel. [A collateral form of לוּנְטִית. For the pref. of אֲלוּנְטִית see prosthetic א□.]

אֲלוּנְקַאי, אֲלֻנְקַאי m.n. nh stretcher-bearer. [Formed from אֲלוּנְקָא with suff. □ַאי.]

אֲלוּנְקָה, אֲלֻנְקָה f.n. pbh stretcher. [Of uncertain origin; possibly borrowed from Pers. balank (= bed, litter), a word going back ultimately to Old I. palyankaḥ, paryankaḥ, which prob. means lit. ‘that which bends around the body’, and is compounded of pau (= around), and áñcati (= bends, curves). See ‘peri-’ and ‘angle’ (= corner) in my cedel.] Derivative: אֲלוּנְקַאי.

אַלּוּף^I m.n. chief of a tribe. [From אֶלֶף (= part of a tribe). cp. Ugar. ’lp (of s.m.). cp. אַלּוּף^III, אַלּוּף^IV and אַלּוּף^V.]

אַלּוּף^II m.n. an intimate friend. [From אלף^I.]

אַלּוּף^III m.n. mh master (in אַלּוּפֵי הַתּוֹרָה, ‘Master of the Torah’), a title of honor for the great scholars of the gaonic period. [From אַלּוּף^I.]

אַלּוּף^IV m.n. nh ‘aluph’ — a rank in the Israel Army corresponding to that of a major general. [From אַלּוּף^I.]

אַלּוּף^V m.n. nh champion in a sport or in a game. [From אַלּוּף^I.] Derivative: אַלִּיפוּת.

אַלּוּף^VI m.n. bullock, cow. [Derived from אלף^I and orig. meaning ‘a tamed animal’. cp. אֶלֶף^II.]

אִלּוּף m.n. mh taming, domesticating. [Verbal n. of אִלֵּף. See אלף^I.]

אָלוּץ adj. mh forced, compelled, coerced. [Properly part. of the (otherwise not used) Qal of אלץ (q.v.).]

אִלּוּץ m.n. mh forcing, compulsion, coercion. [Verbal n. of אִלֵּץ, Pi. of אלץ.]

אַלְזָן m.n. nh atrophy. [Formed from אַל□ (= not), and זָן (= nourishing), part. of זון (= to nourish).]

אלח to be infected. [Possibly related to Arab. ītálaha il-labnu (= the milk turned sour), walīha^h (= thick milk).] — Qal אָלַח mh infected, contaminated. — Pi. אִלַּח mh he infected, contaminated. — Pu. אֻלַּח mh was infected, was contaminated. — Niph. נֶאֱלַח was polluted, was infected, was contaminated. Derivatives: אֶלַח, אָלוּחַ, אִלּוּחַ, אֲלִיחָה, הַאֲלָחָה, הֵאָלֽחוּת, נֶאֱלָח.

אֶֽלַח m.n. mh infection, contamination, pollution. [Denominated from אלח.] Derivative: אִלְחִי.

[[pg-30]]אַלְחוּט m.n. nh wireless. [Coined by Ithamar Ben-Avi (1882–1943) from the pref. אַל□ (= not), and חוּט (= thread, line).] Derivatives: אַלְחוּטַאי, אַלְחוּטִי, אַלֽחוּטָן, אלחט.

אִלְחוּט m.n. nh broadcasting. [Verbal n. of אִלְחֵט. See אלחט.]

אַלְחוּטָאוּת f.n. nh wireless operation. [Formed from אַלֽחוּטַאי with suff. □וּת.]

אַלְחוּטַאי m.n. nh telegraphist; radio technician. [Formed from אַלֽחוּט with suff. □ַאי.] Derivative: אַלְחוּטָאוּת.

אַלְחוּטִי adj. nh wireless. [Formed from אַלְחוּט with suff. □ִי.]

אַלְחוּטָן m.n. nh wireless operator, radio technician. [Formed from אַלֽחוּט with agential suff. □ָן.]

אַלְחוּשׁ m.n. nh anesthesia. [Coined from the pref. אַל□ (= not), and חוּשׁ (= sense).] Derivative: אלחשׁ.

אִלְחוּשׁ m.n. nh anesthesizing. [Verbal n. of אִלְחֵשׁ. See אלחשׁ.]

אלחט to transmit by wireless, radio. [Denominated from אַלֽחוּט.] — Pi. אִלֽחֵט tr. v. nh he transmitted by wireless, radioed. — Pu. אֻלְחַט nh was transmitted by wireless, was radioed. Derivative: אִלְחוּט.

אַלְחֶלֶד m.n. nh stainless. [Compounded of the pref. אַל□ (= not) and חֶלֶד (= rust).]

אלחשׁ to anesthetize. [Denominated from אַלְחוּשׁ.] — Pi. אִלְחֵשׁ tr. v. nh he anesthetized. — Pu. אֻלְחַשׁ was anesthetized. Derivatives: אִלְחוּשׁ, מְאַלְחֵשׁ, מְאֻלְחָשׁ.

אַלְטָאִיר m.n. fw Altari, name of a first magnitude star. [Arab. al-tāir, shortened from al-nasr al-ṭāir (= the flying eagle), from al (= the), and ṭāir, part. of ṭāra (= it flew).]

אַלְטוֹ, אַלְט m.n. fw alto (music). [It. alto, from L. altus (= high, lofty, tall; high, shrill of voice). Altus is the p. part. of alere (= to nourish), and lit. means ‘nourished, grown up’. Alere derives from ie base ^*al- (= to grow). cp. the first element in אַלְטִימֶטֶר.]

אַלְטִימֶטֶר m.n. fw altimeter. [A hybrid coined from L. altus (= high) and Gk. metron (= measure). See אַלְט and מֶטֶר.]

אַלְטְרוּאִיזְם m.n. fw altruism. [Fren. altruisme, coined by Auguste Comte in 1830 from L. alter (= another), on analogy of Fren. autrui (= another), whose ending is due to the influence of lui (= he). See אַלֶּגוֹרְיָה and suff. □ִיזְם, and cp. אַלְטְרוּאִיסְט.]

אַלְטְרוּאִיסְט m.n. fw altruist. [See אַלֽטְרוּאִיזְם and suff. □ִיסְט.]

אַלְטֶרְנָטִיבָה f.n. fw alternative. [Ultimately from the Med. L. adj. alternātīvus (= alternative), from L. alternātus, p. part. of alternāre (= to do first one thing, then another, to alternate), from alternus (= one after the other), from alter (= the other of two), which stands for aliteros, alitros, altros, and is formed with the comparative suff. -ter from base ^*ali, whence also alius (= another). See אַלֶּגוֹרְיָה.]

אֱלֵי prep. to, toward. [Poetic form of אֶל.]

אַלִּיבָּא דְ□ see אַלִּבָּאדְ□.

אַלִּיבִּי m.n. fw alibi. [L. alibī (= elsewhere), compounded of alius (= other) and ibi (= there). For the first element see אַלֶגוֹרֽיָה. The second element derives from ie ^*i-dha, ^*i-dhe, from the pronominal base ^*i-; see ‘idem’ in my cedel.]

אַלִּיגָטוֹר m.n. fw alligator. [Corruption of Sp. el lagarto, which is shortened from el lagarto de Indias, name of the cayman, lit.: ‘the lizard of the (West) Indies’. Sp. el (= the), derives from L. ille (= that one), lagarto comes from L. lacertus (= lizard). See ‘ille’ and ‘lizard’ in my cedel.]

אַלְיֶֽדַע m.n. nh the unconscious. [Formed from pref. אַל□ (= not), and יֶדַע (= knowledge).]

אַלְיָה m.n. 1 fat tail (of sheep). 2 lobe (of the ear). [Related to Aram. אַלְיְתָא, Syr. אֶלִּיתָא (= fat tail of sheep), Arab. a’lya^h (of s.m.). cp. אַלֽיוֹן, אֲלִּיתָא.]

אִלְיָה f.n. pbh lamentation. [Formed from אלה^II with first suff. □ָה.]

אַלְיוֹן m.n. pbh thumb; big toe [cp. Aram. אַלְיוֹנָא (of s.m.) (lit.: ‘something strong or fat’), and related to אַלֽיָה (q.v.). cp. Arab. ’alyān (= having a fat tail).]

אֲלִיחָה f.n. mh infection, contamination. [Verbal n. of אָלַח. See אלח and first suff. □ָה.]

אֶלִיטָה f.n. nh élite. [Fren., from Old Fren. eslite, f. of eslit, p. part. esline (= to choose), from L. ēlēctus, p. part. of ēligere (= to pick out, choose).]

אַלִּיטֶרַצְיָה f.n. fw alliteration. [Modern L. alliterātiō, from alliterātus, p. part. of alliterāre (= to begin with the same letter), from ad (= to) and littera (= letter). For the ending see suff. □ַצֽיָה.]

אֱלִיל m.n. 1 idol, false god. 2 no value, worthlessness. [Prob. related to Syr. ’allil (= weak, feeble, low), Akka. ulālu (= weak). See אלל^I.] Derivatives: אֱלִילָה, אֱלִילוּת, אֱלִילִי.

אֱלִילָה f.n. mh female idol, goddess. [Formed from אֱלִיל with first suff. □ָה.]

אֱלִילוּת f.n. nh paganism. [Formed from אֱלִיל with suff. □וּת.]

אֱלִילִי adj. nh idolatrous, pagan, heathenish. [Formed from אֱלִיל with suff. □ִי.]

אַלִּים adj. pbh strong, violent. [From אלם^III. cp. אַלָּם.] Derivative: אַלִּימוּת.

אַלִּימוּת f.n. nh violence, terror. [Formed from אַלִּים with suff. □וּת.] Derivative: אַלִּימוּתִי.

אַלִּימוּתִי adj. nh terroristic. [Formed from אַלִּים with suff. □ִי.]

אָלִיף adj. nh tameable. [Formed from אלף (= to tame) according to the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used in nh to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.]

אַלִּיפוּת f.n. nh championship. [Formed from אַלּוּף^V (= champion), with suff. □וּת.]

אֶלִּיפְּסָה, אֶלִּפְּסָה f.n. nh ellipse. [L. ellipsis (= want, defect, omission, ellipse), from Gk. elleipsis (= a falling short, defect), from elleipein (= to fall short of, fail, omit), from en (= in) and leipein (= to leave, forsake, be behind), which is cogn. with L. linquere (= to leave). See ‘ellipse’ in my cedel.] Derivatives: אֶלִּיפְּסִי, אֶלִפְּסִי.

אֶלִּיפְּסוֹאִיד, אֶלִּפְּסוֹאִיד m.n. nh ellipsoid. [Formed from L. ellipsis (see אֶלִּיפּֽסָה) and Gk. oeides (= like), from eidos (= form, shape). See אִידֵיאָה.]

אֶלִּיפְּסִי, אֶלִּפְּסִי adj. nh elliptic, elliptical. [Formed from אֶלִּיפְּסָה with suff. □ִי.]

אֶלִיקְסִיר m.n. fw elixir. [Med. L. from Arab. al-iksír, which is formed from Arab. al- (= the) and Gk. xerion (= dry medicinal substance, cataplasm), from xeros (= dry).]

אַלְיָת f.n. pbh wailing woman. [From Aram. אַלֽיֽתָא, from אֲלָא (= he wailed). See אלה^II.]

אֲלִיתָה f.n. pbh faggot. [Of uncertain origin. Levy, Kohut and Jastrow connect it with Heb. אַלְיָה (= fat tail).]

אַלְכּוֹהוֹל m.n. fw alcohol. [Arab. alkoḥl, vulgar pronunciation of alkuḥl, from al (= the), and koḥl, resp. kuḥl (= antimony used for painting the eyelids), which is related to Heb. כָּחַל (= he painted the eyelids with antimony). Its modern sense (‘highly rectified spirits’) is due to the analogy of the fitness of this powder. cp. כֹּהֶל.]

אַלְכִּימַאי m.n. fw alchemist. [Formed from אַלֽכִּימְיָה with suff. □ִאי. cp. כִּימַאי.]

אַלְכִּימְיָה f.n. fw alchemy. [Ultimately from Arab. al-kīmiyā́, from al (= the) and Gk. chemeia, properly ‘the art of the Blackland (Egypt)’, from Gk. chemia (= Blackland, Egypt), from Egypt. khem, khame (= black). The derivation from Gk. chymeia (= pouring), from the stem of cheein (= to pour) is folk etymology. cp. כִּימְיָה.]

אֲלַכְסוֹן m.n. pbh diagonal (line). [Borrowed [[pg-31]]from Gk. Lixon, neuter loxos (= standing crosswise, oblique). See ‘loxo’ in my cedel.] Derivatives: אֲלַכְסוֹנִי, אֲלַכֽסוֹנִית.

אֲלַכְסוֹנִי adj. nh diagonal, oblique. [Formed from אֲלַכְסוֹן with suff. □ִי.] Derivative: אֲלַכֽסוֹנִיּוּת.

אֲלַכְסוֹנִיּוּת f.n. nh diagonality, obliqueness. [Formed from אֲלַכְסוֹנִי with suff. □וּת.]

אֲלַכְסוֹנִית adv. nh diagonally, obliquely. [Formed from אֲלַכְסוֹן with adv. suff. □ִית.]

אלל^I to be weak. [Assumed base of אַל (= not) and אֱלִיל (= idol). For sense development cp. Akka. ul (= not), ullu (= nothing, nothingness), ulālu (= weak), Syr. אַלִּיל (= weak, feeble, low).]

אלל^II to spy out. [From Aram. אַלֵּל (= he spied out), which is prob. a secondary form of עֲלַל (= he entered, went to and fro), for whose etymology see עֹל. For the change of ע to א cp. אלם^III. For sense development cp. Heb. רִגֵּל (= he spied), which is denominated from רֶגֶל (= foot).] — Pi. אִלֵּל pbh he spied out, searched into. — Pu. אֻלַּל nh was spied out, was searched into.

אָלָל m.n. pbh flayed-off flesh(?). [A word of uncertain origin and meaning.]

אַלְלַי interj. woe! alas! [Prob. of imitative origin. cp. Akka. allū (= woe). cp. also ילל.]

אלם^I to bind. [cp. Arab. walam (= saddle strap), and lamma (= he gathered, collected). cp. also אלם^II.] — Pi. אִלֵּם he bound (into sheaves). — Pu. אֻלַּם was bound (into sheaves). Derivatives: אִלּוּם, אֲלֻמָּה, מֽאַלֶּמֶת.

אלם^II to be dumb, to be silent. [Base of אִלֵּם (adj.), אֵלֶם, אַלְמֹנִי. Usually derived from אלם^I and explained as lit. meaning ‘to be bound in one’s speech’. There is hardly any relation between אלם^II, Arab. ’alima (= he felt pain), Syr. אֱלַם (= he kept anger).] — Niph. נֶאְלַם he became dumb, became silent. — Hith. הִתְאַלֵּם pbh. — Nith. נִתֽאַלֵּם pbh he became dumb. — Hiph. הֶאֱלִים mh he made dumb. Derivatives: אֵלֶם, אִלֵּם, אַלְמוֹנִי, הֵאָלְמוּת, הִתְאַלֽמוּת, נֶאֱלָם.

אלם^III to be strong. [Base of אַלִּים (= strong, violent), אַלַּם (= violent person, terrorist). According to my opinion this base is a later var. of base עלם^II (= to be mature; whence עֶלֶם, ‘young man’, עַלְמָה, ‘young woman’, etc.), orig. ‘to be strong’, as seen in Aram. עֲלֵם (= was strong), Arab. ghalima (= was strong; was marriageable). For the interchangeability of ע and א see the introductory article to letter א. This change is more general in Aram. cp. Aram. עַפְצָא and אַפְצָא (= gallnut); Heb. עֲרָבָה and Aram. אוּרְבָּנָא (= willow); Heb. צֶאֱלִים (= Lizyphus Lotus) and Arab. dāl (of s.m.) and Syr. עָאלָא (= briars).] — Pi. אִלֵּם mh he strengthened, fortified. — Hiph. הֶאֱלִים mh (of s.m.).

אִלֵּם adj. dumb, mute. [From אלם^II.] Derivative: אִלְּמוּת.