Hebrew language for readers of english

אַבְטוֹ□ see אוֹטוֹ□.

אַבְטוֹאֶמַנְצִיפַּצְיָה see אוֹטוֹאֶמַנְצִיפַּצֽיָה.

אִבְטֽוּחַ m.n nh protection, securing. [Verbal n. of אִבְטַח, Pi. of אבטח.]

אבטח to protect, secure. [Back formation from אַבֽטָחָה.] — Pi. אִבֽטַח tr. v. nh he protected, secured. — Pu. אֻבְטַח nh was protected, was secured. Derivatives: אִבְטוּחַ, מְאֻבְטָח.

אַבְטָחָה f.n. pbh protection, securing, ensuring. [A collateral form of הַבְטָחָה. cp. אבטח.]

אֲבַטִּֽיחַ m.n. watermelon (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Num. 11:5). [Related to Aram. אֲבַטִּיחָא. Arab. baṭṭīch is an Aram. loan word.]

אַבְטִיט m.n. nh lapwing. [Compounded of אָב (= father), and טִיט (= clay).]

אַבְטָלָה f.n. 1 pbh idleness. 2 nh unemployment. [A collateral form of הַבְטָלָה. For the difference in meaning between these two words see אַבְחָנָה.]

אַבְטִפּוּס m.n. nh archetype, prototype. [A hybrid coined from Heb. אַב□ (= proto-) and Gk. typos (= blow, mark of a seal, pattern). See טִפּוּס (= type).]

אָבִיב m.n. 1 young ears of corn. 2 mh the season of spring. 3 nh spring of life, youth. [From base אבב. cp. Arab. abb (= pasture).] Derivative: אֲבִיבִי.

אֲבִיבִי adj. mh springlike, vernal. [Formed from אָבִיב with adj. suff. □ִי.] Derivatives: אֲבִיבִיּוּת, אֲבִיבִית.

אֲבִיבִיוּת f.n. nh quality of being spring-like. [Formed from אֲבִיבִי with suff. □וּת.]

אֲבִיבִית f.n. nh the genus Erophila (botany). [Properly f. of the adj. אֲבִיבִי used as a noun, and lit. meaning ‘(flower) of spring’. cp. the Modern L. name Erophila, which lit. means ‘spring-loving’.]

אָבִיד adj. nh perishable, losable. [Coined from אָבַד (= perished), according to [[pg-3]]the pattern פָּעִיל, which is used in nh to form adjectives denoting capability or fitness.]

אֲבִי־הַכַּף spoonbill (kind of a bird). [Compounded of אֲבִי, c. st. of אָב (= father), and הַכַּף (= the spoon; see כַּף); so called in allusion to its spoon-shaped bill. cp. Eng. spoonbill.]

אֶבְיוֹן m.n. needy, poor. [Prob. from אבה and orig. meaning ‘desirous, longing, yearning’. cp. Ugar. ’bjn. Late Egypt. and Coptic ebiēn are borrowed from Hebrew.] Derivative: אבין.

אֲבִיּוֹנָה^I f.n. sexual desire, libido (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Eccles. 12:5). [Prob. derived from אבה (= to desire). cp. אֲבִיּוֹנָה^II.]

אֲבִיּוֹנָה^II f.n. pbh caper berry. [Prob. derived from אבה (= to desire), and so called in allusion to the simulating effect of its seeds. cp. אֲבִיּוֹנָה.]

אֶבְיוֹנוּת f.n. pbh need, want, poverty. [Formed from אֶבְיוֹן with suff. □וּת.]

אֲבִיזָר see אַבְזָר.

אָבִיךְ adj. nh hazy, misty. [From אבך.]

אֲבִיכוּת f.n. nh haziness, mistiness. [Formed from אָבִיךְ with suff. □וּת.]

אֲבִילָה f.n. pbh mourning. [Verbal n. of אָבַל. For the ending see subst. suff. □ָה.]

אבין to pauperize. [Denominated from אֶבְיוֹן.] — Pi. אִבְיֵן nh he pauperized. — Pu. אֻבְיַן nh was pauperized.

אֲבִיסָה f.n. mh feeding, fattening. [Verbal n. of אבס. For the ending see subst. suff. □ָה.]

אָבִיק^I m.n. pbh pipe, tube. [Prob. related to אָפִיק (= river-bed, channel).]

אָבִיק^II adj. nh dusty, powdery. [From אָבָק (= dust, powder).]

אַבִּיק m.n. nh alembic, retort. [Prob. from Gk. ambix (= cup, cup of a still, alembic). Whence also Arab. al-anbiq. Of uncertain origin. See ‘alembic’ in my cedel.]

אָבִיר m.n. the Strong One — attribute of God (occurring in the c. st. אֲבִיר, in אֲבִיר יַעֲקֹב, ‘Protector of Jacob’, אֲבִיר יִשְׂרָאֵל, ‘Mighty One of Israel’, Is. 49:26, resp. 1:24). [A secondary form of אַבִּיר.]

אַבִּיר 1 adj. strong, mighty, valiant. 2 n. bull. 3 n. nh knight, hero. [From base אבר (= to be strong). cp. אָבִיר.] Derivatives: אַבִּירוּת, אַבִּירִי.

אַבִּירוּת f.n. 1 mh courage, valor. 2 nh knighthood. 3 nh chivalry, gallantry. [Formed from אַבִּיר with suff. □וּת.]

אַבִּירִי adj. nh 1 courageous. 2 chivalrous, gallant. [Formed from אַבִּיר with adj. suff. □ִי.]

אבך to rise (smoke), to raise clouds of dust. [Akka. abāku (= to bring, turn). Prob. related to הפך.] — Qal אָבַךְ nh prob. meaning ‘it rose’ (said esp. of smoke). — Pi. אִבֵּךְ nh it rolled up, billowed (said esp. of smoke). — Pu. אֻבַּךְ 1 was rolled up, was billowed (said esp. of smoke); 2 mh was perplexed, was confused. — Hith. הִתְאַבֵּךְ was rolled up, was billowed (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 9:17 in the form יִתְאַבְּכוּ). — Hiph. הֶאֱבִיךְ 1 mh he confused, perplexed; 2 nh he rolled up (said esp. of smoke). Derivatives: אָבוּךְ, אָבִיךְ, אֹבֶךְ, אִבְכָה, הִתְאַבּֽכוּת.

אֹֽבֶךְ m.n. nh mist, haze, haziness. [From אבך.]

אִבְכָה f.n. nh cloud of dust. [Formed from אבך with first suff. □ָה.]

אבל to mourn, lament. [Aram. אֲבֵל, Syr. ’ebhál (= he mourned), Ugar. ’bl (= to mourn), Arab. ’ábbana (= he mourned for a dead person), and prob. also to Akka. abālu (= to be dry). For the change of l to n in Arab. cp. Heb. צֶלֶם (= image), with Arab. ṣánam (= idol); Heb. כַּלָּה (= bride, daughter-in-law), with Arab. kanna^h (= daughter-in-law). See the introductory entry ל in this dictionary. — Qal אָבַל tr. v. he mourned, lamented. — Hith. הִתְאַבֵּל he mourned, lamented. — Hiph. הֶאֱבִיל he caused to mourn.] Derivatives: אִבּוּל, אָבֵל^I, אֵבֶל.

אָבֵל^I adj. 1 mourner, lamenter. 2 desolate. [From אבל.] Derivative: אֲבֵלוּת.

אָבֵל^II m.n. (a word that appears in the name of several geographical places as in אָבֵל בֵּית־מַעֲכָה). [Of uncertain origin. The most probable derivation is that of W.F. Albright, according to whom it means ‘stream’ and is related to אוּבָל (of s.m.).]

אֵֽבֶל m.n. mourning, lamentation. [From אבל.]

אֲבָל adv. 1 truly, indeed. 2 but, however. [Formed from pref. א□ and בַּל (= not). Related to Ugar. bl, blt (= not, nevertheless), Arab. bal (= on the contrary, nevertheless).]

אֲבֵלוּת f.n. pbh mourning. [Formed from the adj. אָבֵל (= mourning), with suff. □וּת.]

אֶֽבֶן f.n. 1 stone. 2 weight. [Related to Phoen. אבן, Aram. אֶבֶן, Aram.-Syr. אַבְנָא, Syr. abhnnā, Ugar. ’bn, Ethiop. ’ebn (= stone). cp. Egypt. ōbn (= alum).] Derivatives: אבן, אַבְנוּנִי, אַבְנוּת, אַבֽנִי, אַבְנִית, אַבְנָן. cp. אָבְנַיִם.

אבן to petrify, to change into stone. [Denominated from אֶבֶן (= stone). — Pi. אִבֵּן tr. v. mh 1 it changed into stone, petrified; 2 he fossilized. — Pu. אֻבַּן mh was changed into stone, was petrified. — Hith. הִתְאַבֵּן 1 mh became petrified; 2 nh became fossilized; 3 nh was paralyzed. Derivative: אִבּוּן.

אִבְּן m.n. mh son of (used in Arabic surnames). [Arab. ibn, related to Heb. בֵּן (= son).]

אַבְנוּן m.n. nh synanceja (fish). [Compounded of אֶבֶן (= stone) and נוּן (= fish).]

אַבְנוּנִי adj. nh stony. [Formed from אֶבֶן (= stone), through reduplication of the third radical, with adj. suff. □ִי.]

אַבְנוּנִיּוּת f.n. nh stoniness. [Formed from אַבְנוּנִי with suff. □וּת.]

אַבְנוּת f.n. nh stoniness. [Formed from אֶבֶן with suff. □וּת.]

אַבְנֵט m.n. girdle. [Prob. an Egypt. loan word. cp. Egypt. bnd (= to wrap up).]

אַבְנִי adj. mh stony. [Formed from אֶבֶן (= stone), with adj. suff. □ִי.]

אַבְנִיוּת f.n. nh stoniness. [Formed from אַבְנִי with suff. □וּת.]

אָבְנַֽיִם f.n. dual 1 potter’s wheel. 2 mid-wife’s stool. 3 nh workbench. [Dual of אֹבֶן, which is prob. a secondary form of אֶבֶן (= stone).]

אַבְנִית f.n. nh fur (coating inside of a kettle). [Formed from אֶבֶן (= stone), with dimin. suff. □ִית.]

אַבְנָן m.n. nh lithium. [Formed from אֶבֶן through reduplication of the נ.]

אבס to feed, to be fattened. [Related to Akka. abūsu, abus(s)atu (= manger).] — Qal אָבַס pbh he fed, fattened an animal (in the Bible occurring only in the pass. part. אָבוּס, pl. אַֽבוּסִים). — Niph. נֶאֱבַס nh was fed, was fattened. — Pi. אִבֵּס nh he fed, fattened. — Hiph. הֶאֱבִיס nh he fed, stalled. — Hoph. הָאָֽבֵס nh was fed, was stalled. Derivatives: אֵבוּס, אֲבִיסָה, הֵאָבְסוּת, מַאֲבוּס.

אַבְּסוֹלוּטִי adj. fw absolute. [L. absolūtus, p. part of absolvere (= to set free), from ab (= away from, from), and solvere (= to loosen, set free). See ‘ab-’ and ‘solve’ in my cedel. For the ending see adj. suff. □ִי.]

אַבְּסוֹלוּטִיזְם m.n. fw absolutism. [See אַבְּסוֹלוּטִי and suff. □ִיזֽם.]

אַבְּסוּרְד m.n. fw absurdity. [See אַבְּסוּרְדִי.]

אַבְּסוּרְדִי adj. fw absurd. [L. absurdus (= out of tune, harsh, rough, incongruous, absurd), formed from ab (= away from), and a derivative of the IE base ^*swer-, ^*sur- (= to sound). See ‘ab-’ and ‘swarm’ in my cedel. For the ending see adj. suff. □ִי.]

אַבְּסוּרְדִיּוּת f.n. fw absurdity. [A hybrid coined from אַבְּסוּרְדִי and the Heb. suff. □וּת.]

[[pg-4]]אַבְּסְטְרַקְטִי adj. fw abstract [L. abstractus, p. part of abstrahere (= to draw away), from abs-, ab- (= away from, from) and trahere (= to draw), which is cogn. with Old I. dhrájati (= sweeps over, stretches, draws). See ‘ab-’ and ‘tract’ (region) in my cedel.]

אַבְּסְצִיסָה f.n. fw abscissa (mathematics). [Coined by the Italian mathematician Stefano degli Angeli from L. (linea) abscissa (lit.: ‘a line cut off’), from abscindere (= to tear away; to cut off).]

אַבְּסְצֶס m.n. fw abscess. [L. abscessus (= a going away, departure, abscess), from abs, ab (= away from, from), and cēdere (= to go, go away, yield). See ‘ab-’ and ‘cede’ in my cedel.]

אֲבַעְבּוּעָה f.n. blister, boil, pustule. [Formed from the imitative stem בעבע (= to bubble up), with prosthetic א□ and first suff. □ָה.]

אֲבַעְבּוּעִית f.n. nh varioloid (disease). [Formed from אֲבַעְבּוּעָה with dimin. suff. □ִית.]

אַבְעוֹדֵק m.n. nh aorta. [Compounded of אָב (= father) and עוֹרֵק (= artery).]

אַבְעָיָה f.n. 1 search, inquiry. 2 gathering of the poor in the fields for the search of their share in the ‘Peah’ (see פֵּאָה). [Formed from Aram. בְּעָא, בּֽעִי (= he asked, inquired) with prosthetic א□ and subst. suff. □ָה. cp. בְּעָיָה.]

אָבָץ m.n. nh zinc. [Coined by Eliezer ben Yehudah (1858–1922) from Aram. אֲבָצָא (= tin). Since we have a biblical word for ‘tin’ (בְּדִיל), ben Yehudah introduced the word אָבָץ in the sense of ‘zinc’, because this latter is similar to tin. Aram. אַבְצָא lit. means ‘the white metal’. cp. Arab. bāḍa (= was white), ’abyaḍu (= white). cp. also בּוּץ, בֵּיצָה, the place name אֶבֶץ (Josh. 19:20) and the proper name אִבְצָן (Jud. 12:8). See also בַּעַץ.]

אבץ to coat with zinc. [Denominated from אָבָץ (= zinc).] — Pi. אִבֵּץ tr. v. nh he coated with zinc, zincked. — Pu. אֻבַּץ nh was coated with zinc, was zincked. Derivatives: אִבּוּץ, מְאֻבָּץ.

אבק^I to embrace, wrestle. [Aram. אֲבַק (= he entangled, twisted). Prob. related to חבק. Some scholars derive נֶאֳבַק (= he wrestled) from אָבָק (= dust), so that its original meaning would have been ‘he got dusty (through wrestling)’, and compare the sentence וֶהֱוֵי מִתֽאַבֵּק בַּעֲפַר רַגְלֵיהֶם, ‘cover yourself with the dust of their feet’. For sense development refer to Gk. koniesthai (= to cover oneself with dust — said of wrestlers; whence the secondary meaning ‘to prepare for combat’), from konis (= dust). See אבק^II. It is interesting that Joshua ben Levi gives both derivations of the verb וַיִּאָבֵק (Gen. 32:24), and that Rashi, in his commentary to this verse, connects וֵיֵּאָבֵק with Aram. אֲבַק, which is identical with the first derivation given by Joshua ben Levi.] — Qal אָבַק he embraced, clasped, wrestled with. — Niph. נֶאֱבַק he wrestled, struggled, fought. — Hith. הִתֽאַבֵּק (of s.m.). Derivatives: אֶבֶק, הֵאָבְקוּת, הִתְאַבּֽקוּת, מַאֲבָק^II.

אבק^II [Prob. base of אָבָק. Prob. related to Arab. ābaqa (= he ran away).] — Pi. אִבֵּק pbh 1 he raised dust. 2 he powdered, pulverized. 3 he dusted. — Pu. אֻבַּק pbh was covered with dust, was dusted. — Hith. הִתְאֵבֵּק pbh was covered with dust. — Hiph. הֶאֱבִיק nh he pollinated. — Hoph. הֶאֱבַק nh was pollinated. Derivatives: אִבּוּק, הַאֲבָקָה, הִתְאַבְּקוּת^II, מֽאֻבָּק.

אָבָק m.n. 1 dust, powder. 2 touch of, shade of. [Together with Aram.-Syr. אַבֽקָא (= dust), prob. derived from אבק^II and lit. meaning ‘that which flees or flies’. cp. the second element in שַׁאֲבָק. Gk. abax, gen. abakos (= a square tablet strewn with dust for drawing geometrical diagrams; reckoning board), is a Heb. loan word; see ‘abacus’ in my cedel.] Derivatives: אָבִיק (adj), אִבֵּק, אַבְקִיק, אַבְקָן, אַבֶּקֶת, מַאֲבָק, מַאֲבֵק.

אֶֽבֶק m.n. nh buttonhole, loop. [From Aram. אַבְקֽתָא (= loop, leather ring), which derives from אֲבַק (= he entangled). See אבק^I.]

אֲבָקָה f.n. 1 powder. 2 spice. 3 nh pollen. [Formed from אבק^II with first suff. □ָה.]

אֲבָקִי adj. mh dusty, powdery. [Formed from אָבָק (= dust, powder), with adj. suff. □ִי.]

אַבְקִיק m.n. nh grain of dust. [Formed from אָבָק (= dust), through reduplication of the third radical.]

אֶבְקָלִיפְּטוּס see אֵיקָלִיפְּטוּס.

אַבְקָן m.n. nh stamen. [Formed from אָבָק (= dust, powder), with agential suff. □ָן.]

אַבְקָנִי adj. nh bearing stamens, staminate. [Formed from אַבְקָן with adj. suff. □ִי.]

אַבֶּֽקֶת f.n. nh coniosis (disease). [Formed from אָבָק (= dust), according to the pattern פַּעֶלֶת serving to form names of diseases (see אַדֶּמֶת). Properly a loan translation of Medical L. coniosis, from Gk. konis (= dust).]

אֵֽבֶר m.n. (pl. אֲבָרִים, also (אֵבָרִים) 1 pinions. 2 pbh limb, member, organ (see אֵבָר). [From אבר (= to be strong). Related to Aram. אַבְרָא, Syr. ’ebhrā, Akka. abru (= pinion). Vollers compares the Arab. noun wábar (= hair). cp. אֶבֽרָה.]