Hebrew language for readers of english

אֵבָר, אֵיבָר m.n. 1 pbh limb, member, organ. 2 nh term (mathematics). [A secondary form of אֵבֶר. It arose through back formation from (אֵיבָרִים) אֵבָרִים, pl. of אֵבֶר, in order to differentiate in meaning between אֵבֶר (= wing) and אֵבָר, אֵיבָר (= limb).]

אבר^I to be strong. [Related to Akka. abāru (= to be strong).] — Pi. אִבֵּר tr. v. pbh he strengthened, hardened. — Hiph. הֶאֱבִיר pbh he hardened. Derivatives: אֵבֶר, אֶבְרָה, אַבִּיר.

אבר^II to fly, soar. [Denominated from אֵבֶר.] — Hiph. הֶאֱבִיר he spread his wings, flew, soared (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 39:26).]

אֲבָר m.n. pbh lead. [Together with Aram. אֲבָרָא, Syr. ’abhārā (= lead, prob. borrowed from Akka. abar, name of a metal, possibly ‘lead’. Arab. ’abbār (= lead) is an Aram. loan word.]

אֶבְרָה f.n. pinion. [Formed from אֵבֶר (= pinions) with □ָה, suff. serving to form nomina unitatis.]

אַבְרוֹמָה f.n. name of a fish mentioned in the Talmud, usually identified with the bream. [Prob. from Gk. abramis (= bream).]

אַבַּרְזִין m.n. pbh 1 a cover of skin. 2 nh tarpaulin. [Prob. from Avestic barezis (= cover). Some scholars derive אַבַּרֽזִין from Gk. bursinon (= leathern cover), from bursa (= hide, leather), which is of uncertain origin. cp. ‘burse’ in my cedel.]

אַבְרֵךְ m.n. 1 proclamation of the Egyptians on the approach of Joseph (see Gen. 41:43). 2 pbh title given to a young scholar. 3 mh title given to an educated young gentleman. [Of uncertain origin and meaning. Some scholars propose various Egyptian derivations, others see in it a Sem. word. Several Jewish commentators of the Bible regard אַבְרֵךְ as a Hiph. form of a verb denominated from בֶּרֶךְ (= knee), so that אַבְרֵךְ would be a command to those present to bend the knee. Friedrich Delitzsch derives אַבֽרֵךְ from Akka. abarakku denoting a dignitary.]

אֶבְרָנִי m.n. pbh waterfowl. [Of uncertain origin.]

אַבְרֵק m.n. nh Sirius (the star). [Denominated from הִבְרִיק (= shone, glittered; see ברק); so called because it is the brightest star in heaven. cp. בַּרְקַאי.]

אַבְּרָקָדַבְּרָא fw a magic formula. [Late L., from Gk. abracadabra, in which word the letter c (= s) was misread for k. It was orig. written as a magic formula on abraxas stones, whence its name. See [[pg-5]]‘abraxas’ in my cedel.]

אַבְרָקַיִם m.n. dual pbh breeches. [Formed with prosthetic אַ□^II from Gk. brakai, from L. brācae (= breeches), which is a Gaulish word borrowed from Teutonic. cp. Old Eng. brēc (= breeches), and see ‘breeches’ in my cedel.]

אַבְרָשׁ m.n. pbh heather (a genus of plants). [From אַבֽרוֹשִׁי, corrupted form of אַבְרוֹסִי, name of a kind of olive, called also אֲגוֹרִי. אַבֽרוֹסִי is of uncertain origin. According to Löw אַבֽרוֹסִי is an adj. formed with suff. □ִי from the place name Avaris (in Egypt) and means ‘(olives) of Avaris’.]

אֳבָשִׁים m.n. pl. wild grapes. [Of uncertain origin. It is perhaps a metathesized var. of Biblical Heb. בְּאֻשִׁים (= wild grapes); see בְּאוּשִׁים. However, a comparison of אֳבָשִׁים with Syr. ’epshāthā (with change of ב to פ), the Peshitta rendering of יֽבֵשִׁים (= dried grapes), makes it more probable that אֳבֵשִׁים derives from base אבש= יבש (= to be dry), and lit. means ‘dry (grapes)’. See יבשׁ.]

אַגַּב prep. pbh on the basis of, by way of, on account of. [Aram., lit.: ‘on the back of’, formed from pref. א□ (= עַל, on, upon), and גַּב (= back). See עַל and גַּב.] Derivative: אַגָּבִי.

אֲגָבָה f.n. nh agave (plant). [Modern L., named after Agave, the mother of Pentheus, in Greek mythology. For the etymology of this name see ‘Agave’ in my cedel.]

אַגָּבִי adj. nh accidental, incidental, casual. [Formed from אַגַּב with adj. suff. □ִי.] Derivative: אַגָּבִיּוּת.

אַגָּבִיּוּת f.n. nh accidentally. [Formed from אַגָּבִי with suff. □וּת.]

אגד to bind, tie. [Related to Aram. אֲגַד (= he bound, tied), perhaps also to Akka. agittu, if standing for agidtu (= bandage, plaster).] — Qal אָגַד tr. v. pbh he joined together, bound, tied, united. — Niph. נֶאֱגַד pbh was bound, was tied, was united. — Pi. אִגֵּד nh he tied together, united. — Pu. אֻגַּד nh was bound, was tied together, was united. — Hith. הִתֽאַגֵּד nh was tied together, was united, was amalgamated. Derivatives: אֲגֻדָּה (the only derivative of this stem in the Bible), אוֹגֵד, הִתֽאַגּֽדוּת, מְאֻגָּד, אֶגֶד, אֻגֽדָּה, אָגוּד, אִגּוּד, אָגִיד, אֲגִידָה.

אֶֽגֶד m.n. 1 nh bunch, bundle. 2 pbh tie, knot. 3 pbh bandage. 4 nh artillery group (military). [From אגד.]

אֲגֻדָּה f.n. 1 band, bundle, bunch. 2 vault of heaven. 3 association, society. [Formed from אגד with first suff. □ָה.]

אֻגְדָּה f.n. nh division (military). [Formed from אגד with first suff. □ָה.]

אַגָּדָה f.n. pbh 1 legend, tale, story, myth. 2 ‘Aggadah’ — homiletic section in Rabbinic literature. [A secondary form of הַגָּדָה. cp. אַגַּדְתָּא.] Derivatives: אַגָּדָתִי, אַגָּדִי.

אַגָּדִי adj. mh 1 legendary, mythical. 2 aggadic. 3 fantastic. [Formed from אַגָּדָה with agential suff. □ִי. cp. הַגָּדִי.]

אַגַּדְתָּא f.n. pbh of the same meaning as אַגָּדָה. [Aram. equivalent to Heb. אַגָּדָה.]

אַגָּדָתִי adj. nh legendary. [A collateral form of אַגָּדִי. Formed from אַגָּדָה with suff. □תִי.]

אֶגוֹ m.n. fw ego (psychology). [L. ego (= I), cogn. with Gk. ego). See ‘I’ in my cedel.]

אֶגוֹאִיזְם m.n. fw egoism. [Fren. égoïsme, formed from L. ego (= I), with suff. ‘ism’. See אֶגוֹ and □ִיזם.]

אֶגוֹאִיסְט m.n. fw egoist. [Fren. égoïste, formed from L. ego (= I), with suff. -iste. See אֶגוֹ and □ִיסֽט.]

אֶגוֹאִיסְטִי adj. fw egoist. [Formed from אֶגוֹאִיסֽט with adj. suff. □ִי.]

אָגוּד adj. pbh bound, tied, joined. [Pass. part. of אגד.]

אִגּוּד m.n. nh 1 a binding together. 2 association, society. [Verbal n. of אִגֵּד. See אגד.]

אֲגוּדָל, גּוּדָל m.n. pbh thumb. [Of uncertain origin. Perhaps derived from גדל^I and lit. meaning ‘the large finger’.]

אֲגוּדָלִי adj. nh thumblike, tiny. [Formed from אֲגוּדָל with adj. suff. □ִי.]

אֱגוֹז m.n. nut; nut tree. [cp. Aram. אֱגוֹזָא, אַמְגּוֹזָא, Arab. jauz, Ethiop. gauz. These words are prob. borrowed from Pers. gauz.] Derivatives: אֱגוֹזָה, אֱגוֹזִי, אֱגוֹזִית.

אֱגוֹזָה f.n. pbh nut tree. [Formed from אֱגוֹז (= nut), with first suff. □ָה.]

אֱגוֹזִי adj. mh nutty, nutlike. [Formed from אֱגוֹז with adj. suff. □ִי.]

אֱגוֹזִית f.n. nh a nutlike fruit (botany). [Formed from אֱגוֹז with dimin. suff. □ִית.]

אֱגוֹטִיזְם m.n. fw egotism. [Eng. egotism (= excessive use of the pronoun I; speaking much of oneself; self-conceit). Coined by the English poet Joseph Addison (1672-1719) from L. ego (= I), and suff. ‘-ism’; see אֶגוֹאִיזְם. The intrusive t is due to the analogy of nepotism, in which word the t is organic (from L. nepos, gen. nepōtis, ‘grandson’).]

אֶגוֹטִיסְט m.n. fw egotist. [See אֶגוֹטִיזֽם and suff. □ִיסֽט.]

אִגּוּם m.n. nh impounding water into a lake, pond or reservoir. [Verbal n. of אִגֵּם, Pi. of אגם.]

אִגּוּף m.n. nh flanking, outflanking. [Verbal n. of אִגֵּף, Pi. of אגף.]

אֶגוֹצֶנְטְרִי adj. fw egocentric. [Back formation from Eng. egocentric, which is compounded of ego and centric. See אֶגוֹ, צֶנְטְטרָלִיזֽם and adj. suff. □ִי.]

אֶגוֹצֶנְטְרִיוּת m.n. fw egocentricity. [See אֶגוֹצֶנְטְרִי and suff. □וּת.]

אָגוּר adj. pbh gathered together, collected, amassed, accumulated, hoarded, stockpiled. [Pass. part. of אָגַר. See אגר.]

אִגּוּר m.n. nh collecting, gathering together, amassing, hoarding, stockpiling. [Verbal n. of אִגֵּר (= he collected). See אגר.]

אֲגוֹרָה f.n. 1 a small coin, penny. 2 nh ‘agorah’ — Israel coin, one hundredth of a שֶׁקֶל (= shekel). [Prob. connected with גֵּרָה (= the smallest weight). Several scholars see in it a derivative of the Sem. base אגר (= to hire), whence also Akka. agāru (= to hire). Whence Aram. אֲגַר, Syr. אֶגַּר (= he hired), Arab. ’ājara (= he let for rent), istā’jara (= he hired). cp. אַגְרָא, אַגְרָה.]

אָגִיד m.n. nh gill. [From אגד.] Derivative: אֲגִידִי.

אֲגִידָה f.n. mh binding, tying. [Verbal n. of אגד. For the ending see first suff. □ָה.]

אֲגִידִי adj. nh pertaining to the gills, brachial. [Formed from אָגִיד with adj. suff. □ִי.]

אַגְ׳יוֹ m.n. fw agio. [It. aggio, agio, from lajjë, from Gk. allagion (= exchange), from allage (= change), which derives from the stem of allassein (= to change), from allos (= other). See ‘else’ in my cedel. The l in lajjë was mistaken for the It. definitive article and was accordingly dropped.]

אֶגִיפְּטוֹלוֹג m.n. fw Egyptologist. [Back formation from אֶגִיפְּטוֹלוֹגְיָה.]

אֶגִיפְּטוֹלוֹגְיָה f.n. fw Egyptology. [Compounded of Gk. Aigyptos (= Egypt), and logia (see □לוֹגְיָה). Derivative: אֶגִיפְּטוֹלוֹגִי.

אֲגִירָה f.n. mh collecting, amassing, accumulation, hoarding, stockpiling. [Verbal n. of אגר. For the ending see first suff. □ָה.]

אֵֽגֶל m.n. drop (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Job 38:28 in the phrase אֶגֽלֵי טַל (= drops of dew). [Of uncertain etymology; possibly related to Arab. ta’ájjala (= was gathered, was collected).] Derivative: אֶגְלִיל.

אֶגְלִיל m.n. nh a small drop, droplet. [Dimin. formed from אֵגֶל (= drop), through reduplication of the third radical.]

אָגֵם adj. sad, mournful (a hapax legomenon in the Bible, occurring Is. 19:10, in the phrase אַגֽמֵי־נֶפֶשׁ (= aggrieved in soul). [A collateral form of עָגֵם, from עגם.]

[[pg-6]]אֲגַם m.n. 1 lake, pool, pond. 2 reeds. 3 pbh marshland. [Related to Aram. אֲגַם, Syr. ’eghmā́, Akka. agammu (= pool), Arab. mā’ ’ā́jim (= pool full of reeds).] Derivatives: אגם, אֲגַמְגַּם, אֲגַמָּה, אַגֽמוֹן, אֲגַמִּי, אֲגַמִּית.

אגם to impound water into a lake. [Denominated from אֲגַם.] — Pi. אִגֵּם tr. v. nh he impounded water into a lake, pond or reservoir. — Pu. אֻגַּם nh (water) was impounded. Derivative: אִגּוּם.

אַגַ״ם m.n. nh operations branch (at General Headquarters in Israel Army). [Abbr., formed from the initials of the words אֲגַף מִבְצָעִים (lit.: ‘operations branch’).]

אֲגַמְגַּם m.n. nh miniature lake, pool. [Dimin. formed from אֲגַם (= lake), through reduplication of the second and third radical. cp. אֲגַמָּה.]

אֲגַמָּה f.n. nh miniature lake, pool. [Dimin. formed from אֲגַם (= lake), with first suff. □ָה.]

אַגְמוֹן m.n. reed, bulrush. [Formed from אֲגַם (= reeds), with suff. □וֹן.] Derivatives: אַגֽמוֹנִי, אַגְמוֹנִיּוּת.

אַגְמוֹנִי adj. nh reedy. [Formed from אַגְמוֹן with adj. suff. □ִי.]

אַגְמוֹנִיּוּת f.n. nh reediness. [Formed from אַגְמוּן with suff. □יּוּת.]

אֲגַמִּי adj. mh lacustrine. [Formed from אֲגַם (= lake) with adj. suff. □ִי.]

אֲגַמִּית f.n. nh coot. [Formed from אֲגַם (= lake) with suff. □ִית.]

אַגָּן m.n. (pl. אַגָּנוֹת adj. basin, bowl. [Together with Aram. אַגָּנָא, Syr. ’aggānā, Ugar. ’gn, prob. borrowed from Akka. agan(n)u (of s.m.). Arab. sijjā́na^h (= vessel for washing clothes) is an Aram. loan word.]

אֹֽגֶן m.n. 1 pbh rim of a vessel. 2 nh brim of a hat. [Of unknown origin.]

אַגָּס m.n. pbh pear. [Together with Arab. ’ijjā́s, ’ijjā́ṣ, ’injā́s, ’injā́ṣ (= plum), of unknown origin.] Derivative: אַגָּסָה.

אַגָּסָה f.n. nh pear tree. [Formed from אַגָּס with suff. □ָה.]

אֲגַף m.n. 1 pbh wing of a bird. 2 nh wing of a building. 3 pbh the upper part of the arm. 4 flank of an army. [Related to גַּף, Aram. גַּדֽפָּא, גַּפָּא (= wing), Arab. jádhafa, qádhafa (= he rowed). The base of these words is prob. גדף; the א in Heb. אֲגַף is prosthetic. Akka. agappu (= wing) is prob. an Aram. loan word. cp. גַּף, גָּדָף.] Derivatives: אגף, אֲגַפַּאי, אֲגַפִּי.

אגף to flank, to outflank. [Denominated from אֲגַף.] — Qal אָגַף tr. v. nh he flanked, outflanked. — Pi. אִגֵּף tr. v. nh (of s.m.). — Pu. אֻגַּף nh was flanked, was outflanked. Derivatives: אִגּוּף, מְאֻגָּף.

אֲגַפַּאי m.n. nh flank man. [Formed from אֲגַף with suff. □ַאי.]

אֲגַפִּי adj. nh of the flank, flank (adj.). [Formed from אֲגַף with adj. suff. □ִי.]

אגר to collect, gather. [A base with no equivalents in the other Sem. languages.] — Qal. אָגַר tr. v. he collected, gathered, accumulated, hoarded, stockpiled. — Niph. נֶאֱגַר pbh was collected, was gathered together, was hoarded, was stockpiled. — Pi. אִגֵּר mh (of the s.m. as אָגַר). — Hith. הִתְאַגֵּר nh was collected, was gathered together, was hoarded. Derivatives: אָגוּר, אִגּוּר, אֲגִירָה, אַגֽרוֹן, אַגְרָן, אוֹגֵר, מַאֲגוֹר, מַאֲגָר.

אִגָּרָא m.n. pbh roof (occurring in phrases quoted from the Talmud, as in מֵאִגָּרָא רָמָא לֽבֵירָא עֲמִיקְתָּא, ‘from a high roof to a deep pit’). [Aram., perhaps borrowed from Akka. igāru (= side).]

אַגְרָא m.n. pbh pay, reward (occurring in phrases quoted from the Talmud and the Midrash, as in לְפוּם צַעֲרָא אַגְרָא, ‘according to the pains is the reward’). [Aram., from אֲגַר (= he hired), which is a loan word from Akka. agāru (= to hire). See אֲגוֹרָה and cp. אַגְרָה.]

אַגְרֶגָט m.n. fw aggregate. [L. aggregātus, p. part. of aggregāre (= to add to, attach oneself to, follow; lit.: ‘to bring to the flock’), from ad (= to, toward), and grex, gen. gregis (= flock). See ‘ad-’, ‘gregarious’ and verbal suff. ‘-ate’ in my cedel. cp. also the first element in אַגְרוֹנוֹמוֹן.]

אַגְרָה f.n. nh fee for government and municipal services in Israel. [Aram. אַגֽרָא (= pay, reward). See אַגְרָא.]

אִגְּרוֹן m.n. nh letter-writer, correspondence textbook. [Formed from אִגֶּרֶת with suff. □וֹן.]