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Q29.
List of Headings
i. American water withdrawal
ii. Economic pricing
iii. What the future holds
iv. Successful measures taken by some
v. The role of research
vi. The thirsty sectors
vii. Ways of reducing waste
v i i i . Interdependence 
of 
natural
resources
ix. The demands of development
x. The consequences for agriculture
B
Agriculture consumes about 70% of the
world's fresh water, so improvements in
irrigation can make the greatest impact. At
present, average efficiency in the use of
irrigated water in agriculture may be as low
as 50%. Simple changes could improve the
rate substantially, though it is unrealistic to
expect very high levels of water-use
efficiency in many developing countries,
faced as they are with a chronic lack of
capital and a largely untrained rural
workforce.
⇒ Agriculture- the first economic sector
consuming a great deal of water
After agriculture, industry is the second
biggest user of water and, in terms of value
added per litre used, is sixty times more
productive than agriculture. However, some
industrial processes use vast amounts of
water. For example, production of 1 kg of
aluminium might require 1,500 litres of
water. Paper production too is often very
water-intensive. Though new processes have
greatly reduced consumption, there is still
plenty of room for big savings in industrial
uses of water.
⇒ Industry- The second biggest user of
water