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-completing grids
-predicting
-carrying out actions
-multiple choice completion"
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Well-designed while-stening activities help students to understand the
listening text, to give clues about how
to respond, to provide a focus, to indicate
the important parts while listening, to keep listeners alert and to permit them to
understand the text'n structure (Wilson, 2008). An example to while-istening
activity is "bingo". This activity is especially enjoyable for young leamers. In this
task the teacher writes a list of words on the board, which are included in the
listening text. The students individually select and write seven words on a
piece of
paper. Then, they listen to the passage and put a tick on that specific word when
the word is heard. When all the words are ticked, they shout "bingo". It is a good
activity for selective listening even if it hinders listening extensively (Wilson, 2008)
Post-Listening
In the post-listening stage, students work indetail
applying both top-down
andbottom- up strategies to link up the classroom activities and their real lives
(Wilson, 2008) Underwood (1989) describes the post-listening task as an activity
that is realized after the listening, merging all the work performed. Post-listening
tasks may be directly related to the pre- and while-listening activities or they can
just be loosely related to these activities. She also asserts that post-listening tasks
require more time than the other tasks because students
deal with thinking,
discussing, reflecting and writing processes. It can be named as the more
reflective part of the lesson.
"Checking and summarizing is one activity type that can be performed as
post- listening task.
In this activity, first the teacher puts students into small
groups to lower individual speaking anxiety. The teacher's role, here, is to monitor
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Richards, J. C. (2006) Second thoughts on teaching listening. RELC Joumal, 36 85-92
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students and to stimulate them by attracting their attention to the related and
interesting points. Then, they share their ideas as a class and then students can
summarize the important parts. Other types of post-listening activities are
discussions, creative responses.
critical responses, information exchanges,
problem solving, deconstructing the listening text and reconstructing the
listening.
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