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CAMBRIDGE IELTS 10 – TEST 3 – PASSAGE 3

1. A 3,000-year-old burial ground of a seafaring people called the Lapita has been found on an abandoned¼..on the Pacific island of Éfatp

Keywords: 3,000-year-old burial ground, found on an abandoned, Efate

In the first paragraph, the writer says that “An agricultural worker, digging in the grounds of a derelict plantation, scraped open a grave – the first of dozens in a burial ground some 3,000 years old.”

• 
  abandoned=derelict
  

=>ANSWER: B (PLANTATION)

1. The cemetery, which is a significant… was uncovered accidentally by an agricultural worker.

Keywords: cemetery, significant, agricultural worker

In the first paragraph, “The site came to light only by chance. An important archaeological discovery on the island of Éfaté in the Pacific archipelago of Vanuatu has revealed traces of an ancient seafaring people, the distant ancestors of

today‟s Polynesians…An agricultural worker, digging in the grounds of a derelict plantation, scraped open a grave – the first of dozens in a burial ground some 3,000 years old. It is the oldest cemetery ever found in the Pacific islands…”

• 
  cemetery=burial ground
  

• 
  significant=important
  

• 
  accidentally=only by chance
  

=> ANSWER: F (ARCHAEOLOGICAL DISCOVERY)

1. The Lapita explored and colonised many Pacific islands over several centuries. They took many things with them on their voyages including…and tools.

Keywords: The Lapita, took, voyages, including

In paragraph 2, “They were also pioneers who carried with them everything they would need to build new lives – their livestock, taro seedlings and stone tools.”

• 
  took=carried
  

• 
  animals=livestock
  

=>ANSWER: I (ANIMALS)

30-31. The burial ground increases the amount of information about the Lapita available to scientists. A team of researchers, led by Matthew Spriggs from the Australian National University, are helping with the excavation of the site. Spriggs believes the….which was found at the site is very important since it confirms that the….found inside are Lapita.

Keywords: Matthew Spriggs, important, inside

In paragraph 3, the writer says that “Other items included a Lapita burial urn with modeled birds arranged on the rim as though peering down at the human remains sealed inside. „It‟s an important discovery, says Matthew Spriggs, ….‟ for it conclusively identifies the remains as Lapita.

• 
  bones=remains
  

=>ANSWER: 30. G (BURIAL URN) 31. D (BONES)

1. According to the writer, there are difficulties explaining how the Lapita accomplished their journeys because

Keywords: difficulties, the Lapita, journeys, because

In paragraph 5, the writer indicates that “There is one stubborn question for which archaeology has yet to provide any answers: how did the Lapita accomplish the ancient equivalent of a moon landing, many times over? No-one has found one of their canoes or any rigging, which could reveal how the canoes were sailed. Nor do the oral histories and traditions of later Polynesians offer any insights, for they turn into myths long before they reach as far back in time as the Lapita.” This means that in this period, all the information relating to their accomplishments could not be verified.

=> ANSWER: C (Little information relating to this period can be relied upon for accuracy)

1. According to the sixth paragraph, what was extraordinary about the Lapita?

Keywords: extraordinary, the Lapita

In paragraph 6, the writer says that “The real adventure didn‟t begin, however, until their Lapita descendants sailed out of sight of land, with empty horizons on every side. This must have been as difficult for them as landing on the moon for us today.” This means that sailing out of sight of land is extraordinary for the Lapita.

• 
  Beyond the point where land is visible=out of sight of land.
  

=>ANSWER: A (They sailed beyond the point where land is visible) 34.What does „this‟ refer to in the seventh paragraph?

In paragraph 7, “They could sail out for days into the unknown and assess the area, secure in the knowledge that if they didn‟t find anything, they could turn about and catch a swift ride back on the trade winds. This is what would have made the whole thing work.” So, „this‟ means the Lapita believed that if they turned back, the winds would then be behind them and carry them home quickly.

=>ANSWER: D (the Lapita‟s belief they would return home)

1. According to the eighth paragraph how was the geography of the region significant?

At the beginning of paragraph 8, the author indicates that “For returning explorers, successful or not, the geography of their own archipelagoes would have provided a safety net. Without this to go by, overshooting their home ports, getting lost and sailing off into eternity would have been all too easy” So, this means that the geography of the region provided a navigational aid for the Lapita.

=>ANSWER: C (It provided a navigational aid for the Lapita)

1. It is now clear that the Lapita could sail into a prevailing wind.

Keywords: clear, sail into a prevailing wind

In paragraph 9, Professor Atholl Anderson says that “All this presupposes
….the Lapita had mastered the advanced art of sailing against the wind. And there‟s no proof they could do such thing”. This means that whether the Lapita could sail into a prevailing wind has not been verified yet. So, the statement is false.

• 
  a prevailing wind=against the wind
  

=>ANSWER: NO

1. Extreme climate conditions may have played a role in Lapita migration.

Keywords: extreme climate conditions, Lapita migration.

In paragraph 10, the writer indicates that “El Nino, the same climate disruption that affects the Pacific today, may have helped scatter the Lapita…climate data obtained from slow-growing corals around the Pacific indicate a series of unusually frequent El Nino around the time of the Lapita.” This means that during the time of the Lapita, a series of El Nino may have helped scatter the Lapita. So, the statement is true.

=>ANSWER: YES

1. The Lapita learnt to predict the duration of El Nino Keywords: predict, duration, El Nino

El Nino is only mentioned in paragraph 10; however, in this paragraph, the writer does not say anything about the Lapita learning to predict the duration of El Nino. So, the statement is NOT GIVEN

=>ANSWER: NOT GIVEN

1. It remains unclear why the Lapita halted their expansion across the Pacific.

Keywords: unclear, halted expansion, the Pacific.


In paragraph 11, the writer indicates that “the Lapita spread themselves a third of the way across the Pacific, then called it quits for reasons known only to them.” This means that it remains unclear why they halted their expansion across the Pacific. So, the statement is true.

• 
  halt = call it quits
  

=>ANSWER: YES

1. It is likely that the majority of Lapita settled on Fiji.

Keywords: the majority, Fiji.

Fiji is only mentioned in paragraph 11. At the end of paragraph 11, the writer argues that “They probably never numbered more than a few thousand in total, and in their rapid migration eastward they encountered hundreds of islands – more than 300 in Fiji alone.” The writer does not mention whether the majority of Lapita settled on Fiji. So, the statement is NOT GIVEN.

=>ANSWER: NOT GIVEN