Answer: 31. Food
1. What point does the writer emphasise in the first paragraph?
A how dramatically our reactions to music can vary
B how intense our physical responses to music can be C how little we know about the way that music affects us
D how much music can tell us about how our brains operate Keywords: point, emphasise, first paragraph
Looking at the first paragraph, it is claimed that “sound stirs us at our biological roots”, meaning that music can affect the listeners in a biological way. To demonstrate this, the author gave examples of some physical reactions that we may have when listening to our favourite music: “The pupils in our eyes dilate, our pulse and blood pressure rise, the electrical conductance of our skin is lowered, and the cerebellum, a brain region associated with bodily movement, becomes strangely active. Blood is even re-directed to the muscles in our legs”. These are all big or ‘intense’ physical changes that occur in our bodies when we listen to music. Therefore, the answer is B – how intense our physical responses to music can be.
Answer: B
1. What view of the Montreal study does the writer express in the second paragraph?
A Its aims were innovative.
B The approach was too simplistic.
C It produced some remarkably precise data.
D The technology used was unnecessarily complex. Keywords: view, Montreal study, second paragraph
In the second paragraph, the author mentioned “Although the study involves plenty of fancy technology, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and ligand-based positron emission tomography (PET) scanning, the experiment itself was rather straightforward”. The term: “fancy technology” may mean the same as “complex technology”, but there is no information about whether it was “unnecessary” or not, so D cannot be the correct answer. Neither is B, because the author mentioned that “the experiment itself was rather straightforward”, not “too simplistic”. Further in the paragraph, it is stated that scientists “were able to obtain an impressively exact and detailed portrait of music in the brain”. So, “exact” means “precise” and “impressively” means “remarkably”, so this information suggests that the Montreal study produced “remarkably precise data”. Hence, the answer is C.
exact = precise
impressively = remarkably
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