26. Answer: cholera Explain These were blamed for the spread of disease for hundreds of years, including epidemics of in London and Paris in the middle of the 19th century. · Key words: blamed, spread disease, hundreds of years, epidemics, London and Paris, middle, 19th century · The following sentence states that miasmas were feared as the cause of disease and epidemics for centuries. The author also names two epidemics: the Middle Ages infection and the cholera outbreaks in London and Paris in the 1850s (or mid-19th century). The latter is the information we need, so the answer is “cholera”.
o Disease = infection
o Hundreds of years = centuries
o Epidemics = outbreak
27. Answer: vi Explain Section A · This section describes the popular opinion, or belief, that we ought to organize everything in our life to become more productive. Part of this can be considered “recommendations concerning business activities” (heading iii), but it also concerns other aspects of life besides work. In addition, this
practice has only been widespread in recent times, not “early” times, so iii cannot be the answer.
· The most suitable heading would be vi – What people are increasingly expected to do. More “than at any other time in human history”, “We are told that we ought to organise our company, our home life, our week, our day and even our sleep…” So, increasingly (more than at any other time), people are told to (= they are expected to) become more organised.
28. Answer: i Explain Section B · While section A introduces the structured and organised approach to our lives, section B mentions its drawbacks. “A large proportion of workers…claimed to be dissatisfied with the way their work is structured and the way they are managed”. So i – Complaints about the impact of a certain approach is the correct answer.
29. Answer: iii Explain Section C · Section C is about the history of the science of management, with Frederick Taylor being one of the pioneers in the early part of the 20th century. So the only appropriate heading for this would be iii – Early recommendations concerning business activities.
