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Answer: True

1. It is more expensive to produce recycled glass than to manufacture new glass.

Key words: more expensive, recycled glass, new glass

In the last paragraph, the author made a comparison between recycled and new glass : “As less energy is needed to melt recycled glass than to melt down raw materials, this also saves fuel and production costs”, implying that the production of recycled glass is not as expensive as that of new glass, because it does not require as much “energy”, “fuel” and “production costs”. Thus, the answer is FALSE.

Answer: False.

CAMBRIDGE IELTS 12 – TEST 4 – PASSAGE 2

1. What did the 2006 discovery of the animal bone reveal about the lynx?

A Its physical appearance was very distinctive.

B Its extinction was linked to the spread of farming.

C It vanished from Britain several thousand years ago.

D It survived in Britain longer than was previously thought.

Key words: 2006 discovery, animal bone, lynx The date 2006 can be found in the first paragraph using the skim and scan skill. Here, the author claimed that “the 2006 find, together with three others in Yorkshire and Scotland, is compelling evidence that the lynx and the mysterious llewyn were in fact one and the same animal. If this is so, it would bring forward the tassel-eared cat’s estimated extinction date by roughly 5,000 years”. The word “find” is the same as “discovery” and “bring forward” means “to move to an earlier time or date”. It can be understood that after this discovery, scientists had enough proof to say that the extinction of the lynx had happened much later than previously thought. Hence, the answer is D.

 Discovery = find

Answer: D

1. What point does the writer make about large predators in the third paragraph?

A Their presence can increase biodiversity.

B They may cause damage to local ecosystems.

C Their behavior can alter according to the environment.

D They should be reintroduced only to areas where they were native. Key words: large predators, third paragraph

We can find information about “large predators” in the third paragraph: “Some of them drive dynamic processes that resonate through the whole food chain, creating niches for hundreds of species that might otherwise struggled to survive”. “The whole food chain” refers to ecosystems and “resonate” means “to broadly affect something”. The first half of the sentence means that the presence of large predators can extensively affect the ecosystems in which they live. In addition, it helps to create “niches”, meaning appropriate environments, for other animals including those considered to be the prey. Hence, more species are more likely to survive, which means biodiversity is increased. The author summarises this in the final sentence: “The killers turn out to be bringers of life”. The answer is A.

 Killers = predators