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Answer: Yes

CAMBRIDGE IELTS 12 – TEST 4 – PASSAGE 3

1. Paragraph A

This paragraph mentions the 2008 financial meltdown, the aftermath of which is the search for responsible businesses:“Governments, regulators, central banks and auditors have all been in the frame.The role of bank directors and management and their widely publicised failures have been extensively picked over and examined in reports, inquiries and commentaries”. In this sentence, “failures” is the same as “problems”;“Governments, regulators, central banks and auditors” are examples of “external bodies” related to the 2008 crisis. Therefore the correct heading isivMany external bodies being held responsible for problems.

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  Problems = failures
  
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  External bodies = governments, regulators, central banks and auditors
  

Answer: iv

1. Paragraph B

The first sentence shows the main content of this paragraph: “The knock-on effect of this scrutiny has been to make the governance of companies in general an issue of intense public debate and has significantly increased the pressure on, and the responsibilities of, directors”. “Scrutiny” means “close examination” and “effect” means “impact”, so this paragraph is about the impacts of close examination on companies. The correct heading is ii – The impact on companies of being subjected to close examination.

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  Impact = effect
  
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  Close examination = scrutiny
  

Answer: ii

1. Paragraph C

Paragraph C is quite short, so you should read it thoroughly to find the correct answer. The author mentioned that “board business is devolved to committees in order to cope with the workload, which may be more efficient but can mean that the board as a whole is less involved in fully addressing some of the most important issues”. This suggests that the disadvantage of board business is the potential risk of board members not being able to work collectively to get through the issues. The term “the board” refers to “directors”, “to be involved in” means “take part in” and “address important issues” means “solve major problems”. Therefore, we can paraphrase as follows: directors may not fully take part in solving major problems. The correct heading is vi – A risk that not all directors take part in solving major problems.

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  Take part in = to be involved in
  
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  Solve major problems = address important issues