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Explained answers (2)

=> Answers: 31. iron


1. algae


1. to create that would reduce the amount of light reaching Earth.


First, we need to find out the paragraph which contains the information about aerosol sprays (paragraph D). In this paragraph, the author indicates that “The concept of releasing aerosol sprays into the stratosphereabove the Arctic has been proposed by several scientists. This would involve using sulphur or hydrogen sulphide aerosols so that sulphur dioxide would formclouds, which would, in turn, lead to a global dimming.”





  • create=form

  • reduce the amount of light reaching Earth= a global dimming



=> Answer: clouds


1. fixstrong……to Greenland ice sheets


The key word in this sentence is “Greenland”, so we should focus on paragraph D. In this paragraph, the author argues “Scientists have also scrutinised whether it‟s possible to preserve the ice sheets of Greenland with reinforcedhigh- tension cables, preventing icebergs from moving into the sea”.



  • strong= reinforced



=> Answer: cables


1. to allow the… to reflect radiation


According to the table, we need to find out the information about planting trees in Russian Arctic. At the end of paragraph D, the author argues “Meanwhile in the Russian Arctic, geo-engineering plans include the planting of millions of birch trees. Whereas the region‟s native evergreen pines shade the snow and absorb radiation, birches would shed their leaves in winter, thus enabling radiation to be reflected by the snow.”





  • lose=shed

  • allow=enable



=> Answer: snow


1. change the direction of ……….. to bring more cold water into ice-forming areas.


The key word is ice-forming areas, so we need to find out the information about ice- forming areas. At the end of paragraph D, the author indicates that “Re- routing Russian rivers to increase cold water flow to ice-forming areas could also be used to slow down warming, say some climate scientists.”





  • change the direction of =re-route




  • bring more=increase




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