In the name of allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful What is sin in Islam?



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APPENDIX


FATWA OF MUFTI ABDUH OF EGYPT ABOUT

MECHANICAL SLAUGHTER

(An exposition of a mistaken verdict)
Mufti Abduh (1849-1905) of Egypt, against the consensus of the whole of the Ummah and four Imams, declared that all kinds of slaughter methods prevailing in Europe are lawful. A wave of great resentment and anxiety arose all over the Islamic World. Demands were made to remove Mufti Abduh from his high post in Dar-ul-Ifta and renowned Ulama of the Muslim World rejected his verdict.
Although no one can deny the high intellectual attainments and scholarship of Mufti Abduh, yet no one is innocent except the Prophets of Allah (saw). It is an outstanding miracle of Islam that whenever any scholar, however, great he may be , is found indulging in error in contravention of the provisions of the Qur'an and the Sunnah while giving a verdict, the Ummah, inspite of having due regard for his high scholarship, never accepts his wrong verdict.
Not to speak of Mufti Abduh, when Imam Shafi'i (a recognised religious luminary of Muslims) differing from the majority of Ummah said that although it is not lawful to forsake recitation of “Bismillah” intentionally at the time of slaughtering an animal and eating of such meat it makrooh (disapproved), yet we cannot declare it Haram, the majority of the Um'mah relying upon a Qur'anic Nass, and disagreeing with him believes such slaughter to be totally Haram. Hence eminent Ulama and Jurists of Ummah having full regard for the high status of the said Imam declared that it was an error of judgment on his part. Several the Ulama belonging to the Shafi School of thought also disregarded his opinion.
No doubt, Mufti Abduh was a great scholar, yet there is no comparison between Mufti Abduh and Imam Shafi. The Ummah, which did not hesitate to declare the opinion of Imam Shafi, as mistaken how can it accept such a manifest error of Mufti Abduh? Again in Imam Shafi's opinion such action is not quite lawful and use of meat is Makrooh, whereas Mufti Abduh setting aside all the principles and conditions of slaughtering under the Shari'ah declared the European way of slaughtering as definitely Halal (lawful) which is also repugnant to Imam Shafi's approach. So the Ulama vehemently rejected Mufti Abduh's verdict as being against the Nass of the Qur'an and the Sunnah as well as the opinion of four Imams and leading Jurists. Articles from all corners of the Islamic World were published denouncing the opinion of Mufti Abduh.
Allama Rashid Reza, an eminent disciple of Mufti Abduh was a great scholar and journalist. He wrote many articles in favor of his guide and mentor and gained favor of some Ulama on account of his high position in the Government circles. However, the mischief was curbed by Ulama-e-Haq and made ineffective. But there is a world of difference between suppressing a mischief and getting a verdict accepted by the people. If we study newspapers and journals of that period, it will become clearly evident that the Ulama of whole world had declared the verdict of Mufti Abduh as wrong and unreliable.
The rules and regulations of slaughtering, according to the Qur'an and Sunnah, have already been stated in the foregoing pages. After this there is no need for entangling the readers in a detailed repudiation of Mufti Abduh's verdict, it will be sufficient to reproduce the opinion of Mufti Abduh and Rashid Reza in its original form which the people have lost sight of on account of lengthy debates and discussions. If it is presented in a clear and original form before Muslims, it will be repudiated by itself because it is so clearly repugnant to the Nass of the Qur'an and the Sunnah as well as to the unanimous opinion of the four Imams and Jurists that every educated Muslim will feel inclined to oppose it.


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