International liber cogito multidisciplinary science congress
A STUDY ON IDENTIFICATION OF HEALTH WORKERS’ VIEWS ABOUT MARKETABILITY OF KONYA CITY IN TERMS OF HEALTH TOURISM
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A STUDY ON IDENTIFICATION OF HEALTH WORKERS’ VIEWS ABOUT MARKETABILITY OF KONYA CITY IN TERMS OF HEALTH TOURISMYunus Emre ÖZTÜRK Assoc. Professor, Selcuk University, Health Science Faculty Health Management Department, yunemeozturk@gmail.com Ramazan KIRAÇ PhD Student, Selcuk University, Health Science Faculty Health Management Department, ramazan46k@gmail.com Merve BANAZ Graduate Student, Hacettepe University, Institute of Social Sciences, mrvebnz@gmail.com Aim: This study was carried out toward identifying the views and thoughts of hospital workers about marketability of Konya city in terms of health tourism. Material and Method: The study was carried on health workers working in a public hospital in Konya. The study sample consists of 150 people. In the study, quantitative study design was used and the method of face to face survey was applied. The survey of study: A tourism survey, which Çetinkaya (2010) utilized was post graduate thesis, was used. The survey was prepared in the style of Likert and 5 –point system ranging from “I agree with it ” to “I don’t agree with it at all ”. Collecting answers received from those participating in the survey, they were transferred to the computer medium and analyzed by SPSS program. The validity of survey was calculated and the value of Cronbach Alpha was found as 0.917. In the framework of this result, survey turned out reliable. Findings and Result: The study, 52% of those participating in the study are female and 55.3% is single. 39.3% of the workers are in the range of age 20-24. Most of those participating in the study consist of health staff with 64.7%. Part of 34% of the workers has been working for 1-5 years in their institutes. When we regard to educational status, 44.7 % of the workers are in undergraduate degree. in order to be able to test the differences between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and their marital status, analysis of t test was carried out and any significant difference between them could not be found p>0,05). In order to be able to test the differences between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and their ages, variance analyses were made and any significant difference between them could not be found (p>0,05). In order to be able to test the difference between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and their educational status, variance analysis was carried out. Any significant difference could not be identified between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and their educational status p>0,05). In order to be able to test the differences between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and their positions, variance analyses were made and any significant difference between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and their positions could not be identified (p>0,05).In order to be able to test the differences between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and working years, variance analyses were made and any significant difference could not be identified between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and their working years (p>0,05). Keywords: Health Tourism, Medical Tourism, Hot Spring Tourism, Marketing When we regard to the studies conducted on tourism in general sense, [we see that ]there is not a single definition of tourism, which is a multidirectional and complex case. As the points of view to the concept tourism differs, the definitions made also show diversity (Aydın, 2012). Tourism, which develops turnover, provides the new employment areas, which affects social and cultural life and enables it to develop, and creates an effect of major income resources for economy of countries, is an issue given importance in the developed and developing countries. Health tourism has also been one of the issues attracting attention in the recent years all over the world (Gülmez, 2012).Tourism, which was considered as the sea, holiday, and travel-purposed in the past, due to patient mobility in health tourism in the recent times, arrives an important position every passing day as a sector, in which important changes occurs in both quantitative and qualitative sense (Karakoç, 2017). As tourism has the various definitions, health tourism has also the various definitions. In general sense, health tourism is travels the individuals make to a country out of the country, where they live in order to take service that are therapeutic and develops health. Health tourism includes the concepts such as medical tourism, elderly tourism (3rd age tourism), disabled tourism (Tontuş, 2015). Medical tourism is therapy-content applications made by health staff in planned way to the tourists, who arrive to country for therapy. The therapies conducted in the scope of medical tourism are: cardiovascular surgery, robotic surgery, organ transplantations, infertility treatments, plastic surgery, eye surgery, dental treatment, and dialysis purposed treatments (Acar, Turan, 2016). Thermal health tourism is health services, which are presented in supervision of physician together with the applications such as physical treatment, rehabilitation, exercise, psychotherapy, and diet and which are mostly rehabilitative, together with geothermal water that is warmer than 20°C and includes the various minerals. Thermal health tourism generally includes the therapy of dermatologic diseases and rheumatic diseases (www.saglikturizmi.gov.tr, 2017) Elderly tourism (third age tourism) and disabled tourism are sorts of tourism aiming at presenting a healthy life to the aged and disabled tourists by increasing their quality of life from the aspect of social life and protecting their current health. To the patients taking service in the scope of this tourism, the therapies are applied by the educated and certified staff on hospitals, rehabilitation centers, nurseries, and outpatient rehabilitation programs (Karakoç, 2017) Turkey, due to its geographical and geopolitical position, is among the countries having a voice on health service. This sector developing all over the world gains more importance every passing day. Therefore, for tourism incomes to be at the desired level and be able to obtain more income from health tourism sector, it is necessary to give more importance to the developments and improvements that will be carried out in this sector (Edinsel, Adıgüzel, 2014). In the world, the top 5 countries in terms of the number of international patient are USA, German, Thailand, India, and Turkey. Turkey has 48 health institutes, which become accredited by JCI and give service in international standards. In Turkey, the various studies have been conducted to strength the infrastructure of health tourism in private hospitals as well as university and public hospitals. In this framework, the construction of city hospitals has been started (www.saglikturizmi.gov.tr, date of access: 14 March 2018). Material and Method This study was carried out toward identifying the views and thoughts of hospital workers about marketability of Konya city in terms of health tourism. The study was carried on health workers working in a public hospital in Konya. The study sample consists of 150 people. In the study, quantitative study design was used and the method of face to face survey was applied. The survey of study: A tourism survey, which Çetinkaya (2010) utilized was post graduate thesis, was used. The survey was prepared in the style of Likert and 5 point system ranging from “I agree with it” to “I don’t agree with it at all”. Collecting answers received from those participating in the survey, they were transferred to the computer medium and analyzed by SPSS program. The validity of survey was calculated and the value of Cronbach Alpha was found as 0.917. In the framework of this result, survey turned out reliable. Findings Table 1: Demographic Data Belonging to Health Workers Participating In The Study
When we regard to Table 1, 52% of those participating in the study are female and 55.3% is single. 39.3% of the workers are in the range of age 20-24. Most of those participating in the study consist of health staff with 64.7%. Part of 34% of the workers has been working for 1-5 years in their institutes. When we regard to educational status, 44.7 % of the workers are in undergraduate degree. Table 2: The Findings Towards Examining The Views Of Unit Supervisors Belonging To Structuring National Quality System
When we regard to Table 2, a large majority of health workers considers that there are no hospitals in world standards and that number of knowing English is less. They suggested that the important diagnosis and treatments are made and adequate health workers are available for medical tourism. But, they consider that the promotion of medical tourism, hot spring, and elderly care not enough. In addition, they suggested that the hospital in Konya do not have capacity to meet in intensive demand. They think of that new hospitals opened and aids toward hospitals positively affect health tourism in Konya. They suggested that hot springs water in Konya is curative. They consider that the number of employee, enough trained and knowing English, in hot springs is not relatively small. They suggested that hot springs, used for health tourism, are available. They have the view that there is no accommodation facility at enough number and that the existent ones also have enough quality. They consider that Konya is a developed city makes Konya advantageous against its competitors. Table 3: Analyzes belonging to socio-demographic data of hospital workers participated in the study (t-test in independent groups and analysis of one-way variance)
When we regard to Table 3, in order to be able to test the differences between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and their marital status, analysis of t-test was carried out and any significant difference between them could not be found (p>0,05). In order to be able to test the differences between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and their ages, variance analyses were made and any significant difference between them could not be found (p>0,05). In order to be able to test the difference between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and their educational status, variance analysis was carried out. Any significant difference could not be identified between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and their educational status (p>0,05). In order to be able to test the differences between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and their positions, variance analyses were made and any significant difference between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and their positions could not be identified (p>0,05). In order to be able to test the differences between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and working years, variance analyses were made and any significant difference could not be identified between the thoughts of workers about health tourism and their working years (p>0,05).
In this study carried out for to be able to test the views of hospital workers about health tourism in Konya, when we regard to socio-demographic data of the workers, most of those participating in the study (39.3%) consists of the workers of age 20-24. When we regard from educational status, majority consist of undergraduate and two year degrees (32.7-44.7%), respectively. When we regard from gender point of view, 52% of them are male, 55.3% of them are single. When we regard the positions of the workers, the large majority consists of health staff and 23.3% consist of the workers in the other occupational groups. When we regard to working years, majority (34.0%) consist of the workers working between 1-5 years. The rate of those working less than one year are 30.7%. When we regard to the findings belonging to the study, the workers suggested that there were less hospital in world standards (  :2.92) but there were physicians in world standards (:3.25). The workers stated that the number of staff knowing English in health facilities is less (:2.16), and exhibited an indecisive attitude about that waiting for diagnosis and treatment was shorter (:3.62) compared to US. They stated that the important diagnosis and treatments (:3.62) and that there were sufficient amount of trained health staff in hospital (:3.08). The workers stated that there were some health facilities having agreement with international chain health businesses (:3.13) and that health businesses have a capacity to give service in terms of medical tourism (:3.06). They consider that the promotion of the medical, hot spring and elderly care services are not at adequate level (:2.92) and that Konya health centers do not have enough capacity to meet intensive demand (:2.93). They stated that health tourism was supported by the government (:3.14) and that new hospital investments positively affected potential health tourism in Konya (:3.54). They consider that Konya is a suitable city in terms of health tourism :3.23) and that it has enough thermal resource that can be used in health tourism (:3.01). They stated that the diagnosis and treatment fees were cheaper compared to those of the other countries (:3.19); that the hot springs used for health tourism were available (:3.23); and that hot springs water had curative properties (:3.63). They stated that hot springs were built in an appropriate way with thermal concept (:3.16) and that accommodation and entertainment service standards of hot springs facilities were enough (:3.06). They do not consider that they were less staff, trained adequately and trained (:2.38) and that they were very rich in terms of health tourism as well as other alternative sorts of tourism (:2.88). They stated that transportation problem slightly different health tourism (:3.12), that the common working of health businesses and accommodation businesses for patient care (elderly and disabled) were not enough :2.99). They also stated that Konya did not have sufficient number of touristic accommodation plant (:2.96) but accommodation facility it has was in enough quality (:3.07). They think of that elderly care are cheaper compared to European Countries and US (:3.12). They stated that since Konya is a developed city, it provides advantage against their competitors (:3.36).
When we examine the analyses belonging to the study, any significant difference could not be determined between the thoughts of those participating in the study about health tourism and the gender of health workers. The thoughts of women ( Between the ages of health workers and their thoughts about health tourism, any significant different could not be identified. It was identified that those having age 20-24 (x ̅: 3.04), age 25-29 ( Any significant difference between health tourism and the thoughts of health workers about health tourism could not be identified. It was identified that the values of those having high school ( Any significant difference could not be identified between working years of health workers and their thoughts about health tourism. The values of those working one less than one year ( Acar N., Turan A., (2016). Sağlık Çalışanlarının Sağlık Turizmi Farkındalığı Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Eğitim Ve Araştırma Hastanesi Çalışanları Örneği, C.Ü. İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 17(1): 17-35 Aydın O., (2012). Türkiye’de Alternatif Bir Turizm; Sağlık Turizmi, Kmü Sosyal Ve Ekonomi̇K Araştırmalar Dergi̇Si 14 (23): 91-96 Edinsel S., Adıgüzel O., (2014). Türkiye’nin Sağlık Turizmi Açısından Son Beş Yıldaki Dünya Ülkeleri İçindeki Konumu Ve Gelişmeleri, Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(2), 167-190 Gülmez Z., (2012). Türkiye’de Ve Dünya’da Sağlık Turizmi Ve Çeşitleri: Sağlık Turizminin Ülkemizdeki Mevcut Durumu Ve Bazı Ülkelerle Kıyaslanması, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Karakoç S., (2017). Küresel Dünyada Sağlık Turizminin Önemi Ve Türkiye’nin Durumu, Nuh Naci Yazgan Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kayseri T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı (2018). Sağlık Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Sağlık Turizmi Daire Başkanlığı, Http://Saglikturizmi.Gov.Tr/Tr,175/Saglik-Turizmi-Hakkinda.Html, Erişim Tarihi: 14.03.2018 T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı, Sağlık Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Sağlık Turizmi Daire Başkanlığı, 2017, Türkiye’de Termal Sağlık Turizmi, Https://Dosyamerkez.Saglik.Gov.Tr/Eklenti/10949,07pdf.Pdf?0, Erişim Tarihi: 01.03.2018 Tontuş H. Ö., 2015, Sağlık Turizmi Nedir?, Http://Www.Saturk.Gov.Tr/İmages/Pdf/Tyst/02.Pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 01.03.2018
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