Just listen

ALAN SHEPHARD

a. BEFORE LISTENING: Match each word with the correct meaning.
___1. to reach a) to arrive at a place

___2. major b) when you have to wait for something to happen

___3. huge c) the force that makes objects fall to the ground

___4. to delay d) very large

___5. gravity e) very important
b.

WHILE LISTENING

Put a tick (√) next to the correct sentences while listening to the text.

1. 
   ___Freedom Seven came down in the Atlantic Ocean fifteen minutes later after it took off.
   
2. 
   ___Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin flew in space for 108 minutes.
   
3. 
   ___Alan Shephard became a driver in the army in 1947.
   
4. 
   ___NASA was created by Congress.
   
5. 
   ___NASA made its first test flight of the Mercury space craft from Cape Canaveral, Florida.
   
6. 
   ___Alan Shephard was announced as the first American to fly in space.
   
7. 
   ___Freedom Seven flew 180 miles.
   
8. 
   ___John F. Kennedy’s goal was to land a man on the Moon and return him safely to Earth by the
   

end of the 1960s.

9. 
   ___Roosa was on the Moon while Shephard and Mitchell landed on the surface.
   
10. 
    ___Alan Shephard died in 1972.
    

Chapter 51

EDWIN HUBBLE

a. BEFORE LISTENING: Match each word with the correct meaning.
___1. instrument a) to officially suggest a plan

___2. discovery b) a special tool or piece of equipment

___3. universe c) a fact or piece of knowledge that someone learns about , when it

was not known before

___4. distance d) the stars and planets and all of spaces

___5. to propose e) the amount of space between two places or things

b.

WHILE LISTENING

Go over the questions for TWO/THREE minutes before listening to the text twice. Complete the sentences while listening.

1. 
   Edwin Powell Hubble was born in_______________________________ .
   
2. 
   Hubble studied ______________________________ in the University of Chicago.
   
3. 
   Edwin Hubble served in _________________________ during the World War I.
   
4. 
   The telescope Hubble used in his observations had a mirror_______________________________ across.
   
5. 
   From ________________________ on, Hubble began examining more and more distant objects.
   
6. 
   After so many observations by 1925, Hubble could say that the universe is organized into _________________________of many shapes and sizes.
   
7. 
   The theory of _________________________ by Hubble came in the late 1920s.
   
8. 
   The Doppler effect explains changes in the length of_________________________ or _________________________ as they move toward you or away from you.
   
9. 
   The universe probably began with an explosion of unimaginable force which is called _________________________ .
   

Chapter 52

HOW to STOP SMOKING

a. BEFORE LISTENING: Match each word with the correct meaning.
___1. to avoid a) to experience physical or emotional pain

___2. to reduce b) discussion of a subject that often continues for a long time and in which

people express different opinions

___3. to suffer c) to make something less in size, amount, price etc.

___4. combination d) mixed together, mixture

___5. debate e) to prevent something bad from happening
b.

WHILE LISTENING

Go over the questions for TWO/THREE minutes before listening to the text twice.

Put a tick (√) next to the sentences that are correct according to the text.

1. 
   ___The Great American Smokeout is seventeen years old.
   
2. 
   ___At current rates of growth the WHO says tobacco use will kill more than eighty- million people
   

a year by 2020.

3. 
   ___Smokers take pleasure from the nicotine in cigarettes.
   
4. 
   ___It is impossible to stop smoking permanently.
   
5. 
   ___Smokers can chew other products that contain nicotine to help end their dependence on
   

cigarettes.

6. 
   ___Zyban contains nicotine.
   
7. 
   ___After stopping smoking, if a smoker feels terrible, he should smoke one cigarette a day.
   

Chapter 53

PRISONER ABUSE in IRAQ

a. BEFORE LISTENING: Match the following words with their definitions.
___1. denounce a) to cause great physical or mental pain to someone intentionally

___2. resolution b) a formal police statement saying that someone is accused of a crime

___3. charge c) to criticize something or someone strongly and publicly

___4. intelligence d) an official decision that is made after a group or organization have

voted

___5. torture e) secret information about the governments of other countries

___6. The Red Cross f) an international organization that takes care of people who are

suffering because of war, hunger, disease and so on.

b.

WHILE LISTENING

Go over the questions for two/three minutes before listening to the text twice. Try to

answer the questions while listening.

1. 
   What did Mr. Bush tell the King of Jordan about the events in Abu Ghraib?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

2. 
   What do the pictures that have appeared in the media include?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

3. 
   How many members of the army are facing criminal charges?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

4. 
   Who first reported the wrong-doing at the prison?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

5. 
   Which TV channel broadcasted some of the pictures first?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

6. 
   How many prisoners have died in Iraq and Afghanistan since 2002?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 54

Changing Families

WHILE LISTENING

Go over the questions for two/three minutes before listening to the text twice. Try to

answer the questions while listening.

1. 
   What was the family structure like in North Africa, in the past?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

2. 
   Why is it difficult for Japanese families to spend a lot of time together as a family?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

3. 
   What were the women’s and men’s roles in traditional families, in Europe?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

4. 
   In Sweden, what is the percentage of children whose parents are not married?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

5. 
   What were the percentages of married men and women in Quebec, Canada in 1965?
   

__________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 55

PORTABLE MUSIC PLAYERS CAUSE HEARING LOSS

WHILE LISTENING

Go over the questions for two/three minutes before listening to the text twice. Try to

answer the questions while listening.

1. 
   How many high school students did the research by Zogby International involve?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

2. 
   What kind of portable music devices do high school students and adults use? Give two examples.
   

__________________________________________________________________________

3. 
   What percent of the students and adults said they set the sound levels, or volume, at high on their
   

iPods?

__________________________________________________________________________

4. 
   Write one kind of hearing loss that students and adults experience?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

5. 
   What is the number of Americans who have hearing loss?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

6. 
   Experts at the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota say any sound above _______________ decibels for long
   

periods may cause hearing loss.

__________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 56

STUDENTS WORK on IDEAS for PEOPLE

WHILE LISTENING

Go over the questions for two/three minutes before listening to the text twice. Try to

answer the questions while listening.

1. 
   How many teams won the event called P-three?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

2. 
   Teams compete to design sustainable technologies that support ___________________but also protect
   

the environment .

__________________________________________________________________________

3. 
   The team from Appalachian State University proposed to use waste vegetable oil to make biofuel that ___________________ and ___________________ can use.
   

__________________________________________________________________________

4. 
   What will the students from Portland State University in Oregon create for the local public school?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

5. 
   What will the students from the University of Massachussets at Lowell explore?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

6. 
   How much money did each of the 41 teams receive to develop their projects over the school year?
   

__________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 57

TELEVISION and ATTENTION problems

1. 
   BEFORE LISTENING: Match each word with the correct meaning.
   

___ 1. attention a) to include or affect someone or something

___ 2. to involve b) the difference between the amount of something you have and the higher

amount you need

___ 3. aggressive c) an illness that prevents part of your body from working properly

___ 4. disorder d) when you watch, listen, or think carefully because you are interested in

something

___ 5. deficit e) behaving in an angry or violent way towards someone

b.

WHILE LISTENING

Go over the questions for two/three minutes before listening to the text twice. Try to

answer the questions while listening.

1. 
   How do attention problems affect children? Write two of the problems or difficulties they have?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

2. 
   According to the experts, what does the cause of A.D.D. involve?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

3. 
   How many children were involved in the new study?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

4. 
   By what percent does every hour of watching TV increase chances of having attention problems?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

5. 
   According to children’s doctors, under what age should children not watch TV?
   

__________________________________________________________________________
c.

WHILE LISTENING

Complete the sentences while listening.

1. 
   Young children that watch a lot of television might have________________ later in school.
   
2. 
   Attention Deficit Disorder involves ________________ in the brain.
   
3. 
   Very young children at the age of ________________ may have attention problems.
   
4. 
   They asked the parents ________________ the children watched television.
   
5. 
   Two hours of watching television increased the chances of having attention problems nearly ________________ .
   
6. 
   Some of the children may not have ADD but still face ________________ in school.
   
7. 
   Other reasons why children should not watch television are becoming ________________and
   

________________ .

Chapter 58

antı-AmErIcAnIsm Surges in MUSLIM NATIONS

WHILE LISTENING

Go over the questions for two/three minutes before listening to the text twice. Try to

answer the questions while listening.
1. What increases anti-American sentiment in Muslim countries?

__________________________________________________________________________

2. What kind of American cultural exports will be well received across the Muslim world?

__________________________________________________________________________

3. What makes Radio Sawa unrivaled and draw a large audience in Arab world?

__________________________________________________________________________

4. According to Prof. Zaharna, why don’t US efforts to win the hearts and minds of Muslims work?

__________________________________________________________________________

5. What did some people expect when America turned up the volume against terrorism in the Arab

and Muslim world following September 11?

__________________________________________________________________________

6. What kind of conflicting messages does US government send to Muslims?

__________________________________________________________________________

7. How does the Israel-Palestinian conflict foster resentment in the Muslim world?

__________________________________________________________________________

8. What do Muslims associate the term ‘military occupation’ with?

__________________________________________________________________________

9. How was the treatment against Muslims in the US after the September 11 attack?

__________________________________________________________________________

10. According to analysts, what will US public diplomacy have in the future?

__________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 59

War and English Teaching
a. vocabulary practice: Match the words with their synonyms.
___1. enhance a) be uncertain, pause,

___2. appropriate b) impose

___3. neutral c) fitting, applicable, to the point, suitable

___4. contradict d) develop, improve

___5. hesitate e) out of the question, impossible,

___6. impinge f) disagree with, counter

___7. unthinkable g) indifferent, unbiased, disinterested
b.

WHILE LISTENING

Go over the questions for two/three minutes before listening to the text twice. Try to

answer the questions while listening.

1. 
   According to Linda Baker, for what purpose could the articles on wars be used in a reading class?
   

__________________________________________________________________________

2. Why are stories about disasters and wars good for learning vocabulary?

__________________________________________________________________________

3. What does Linda Baker advise students to do in a writing class?

__________________________________________________________________________

a) How can teachers use wars in a speaking class?

__________________________________________________________________________

b) Should a teacher take a side in such a case?

__________________________________________________________________________

c) When should a teacher present his/her point of view?

__________________________________________________________________________

4. If students form small discussion groups, what would the teacher serve as?

__________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 60

ımagInatIon in Wrıtıng
a. BEFORE LISTENING: Match each word with the correct meaning.
___1. outgoing a) acquainted, well-known

___2. value b) arguable, debatable

___3. involve c) sociable, warm, friendly

___4. familiar d) devise, design

___5. controversial e) Include, contain

___6. invent f) worth, importance

b.

WHILE LISTENING

Go over the questions for two/three minutes before listening to the text twice. Try to

answer the questions while listening.
1. What does imagination in writing mean to Virginia Monseau?

__________________________________________________________________________

2. How does imagination help students in writing?

__________________________________________________________________________

3. What is the function of literature in using imagination according to Prof. Monseau?

__________________________________________________________________________

4. What are the negative effects of standardized tests?

__________________________________________________________________________

5. What do you understand from Prof. Monseau’s idea about writing: ”All writings depend upon your

audience and your purpose?”

__________________________________________________________________________


c.

WHILE LISTENING

Listen to the interview again and write the missing words.

She's a professor at Youngstown State University in Ohio and 1_________ editor of English Journal, 2 _______ by the National Council of Teachers of English. Professor Monseau writes this month about the role of imagination in the 3_________. American culture does not place enough value on imagination in children, especially older ones, and she says this is 4___in many classrooms. "On the one hand, certainly 5_________ and imagination would 6___inventing stories where you write creatively to invent characters, to invent 7_________ lines and so on. And usually, as far as children and curriculum go, we allow children to do that in the early 8_________. "Students don't have to be 9_________ monsters and flying brooms, a la Harry Potter, that sort of thing, because a lot of children, I think, are very 10-_________ by that sort of thing and if they're invited to write that way would really be, I think, a little 11_________ of their ability to do -- whether they could that kind of thing. "Just 12 _________ students to see in a work of literature a connection to their lives, for example. 13_________ them to take an unusual perspective on something they read, whether it's a story or a poem or whatever. Those are some of the ways that I define 14_________ work in the classroom." I think, you know, drawing on or

15_________ students to draw on their experience. We all have experiences that we can 16_________ on. So I think that even students who don't have English as their first language, in reading a piece of 17_________, could still discuss it in that way, by connecting it to their own lives." According to Professor Monseau, one reason

imagination isn't 18_________ more is the increasing use of standardized tests to hold teachers and schools accountable for student progress. "I think where 19_________ tests are concerned, yes, it does take away a lot of freedom that teachers might wish they had, because the way the tests are graded is such that structure is really an important element of the 20_________ process, and I don't know whether you know about the controversial issue of the five-paragraph theme that permeates ...”

• 
  "I think many teachers still feel comfortable when they're teaching writing, teaching students to write five-paragraph essays, 21 _________ an introductory paragraph, three points that you make as part of the body of the piece and then a concluding paragraph. “It's a very canned, cut-and-dried way of 22_________ writing and in many ways it totally stifles any divergent thinking, because students immediately think about their three points that they're going to have and what they're going to say about those three 23-_________ points. And then in the concluding paragraph they just tell the reader what they already told them in drawing it together. "So what you're saying here is that you may start off with this, but 24_________ from there." And when they get to college they have a rude 25_________ many times, because they realize that they are 26_________ to think and that the content of their paper should be their thoughts and not what everyone else has said about this particular topic. "The sad thing is, I think, that students are not taught that there are so many different ways of writing and that it all depends upon your audience and your 27_________. That's one of the things that gets back to the imagination 28 _________ of it. Virginia Monseau is a professor of English and 29_________ education at Youngstown State University in Youngstown, Ohio, and is herself a 30_________ high school English teacher.