Él "star", elen being the ordinary word) or a poetic or archaic meaning of an ordinary word

mar noun "earth" (world), also "home, dwelling"; stem mard- (VT46:13) also seen in the ablative Mardello "from earth" (FS); the initial element of Mardorunando (q.v.) may be the genitive mardo. May be more or less identical with már "home, house, dwelling" (of persons or peoples; in names like Val(i)mar, Vinyamar, Mar-nu-Falmar, Mardil) (SA:bar, VT45:33, VT47:6). Early "Qenya" has mar (mas-) "dwelling of men, the Earth, -land" (LT1:251); notice that in LotR-style Quenya, a word in -r cannot have a stem-form in -s-.

mar- vb. "abide, be settled or fixed" (UT:317); maruvan "I will abide" (mar-uva-n "abide-will-I") (EO). Cf. termar-.

Mar-nu-Falmar noun "Home under Waves", name of the sunken Númenor (Silm)

mára adj. "useful, fit, good" (of things) (MAG; see MA3; Arct, VT42:34, VT45:30)

maranwë noun "destiny" (MBARAT)

#mardë noun "hall"; only pl. mardi is attested (Nam, RGEO:66)

Mardil masc. name, "(one) devoted to the house", sc. the "house" of the kings (Appendix A; interpreted in Letters:386)

mardo noun "dweller" (LT1:251)

Mardorunando noun "Redeemer of the world" (VT44:17). Unless the initial element mardo- is a distinct and otherwise unattested word for "world", it may be the genitive form of mar (mard-) "earth", q.v.

María noun "Mary" (Maria; Tolkien based the Quenya form on the Latin pronunciation) (VT43:28; Maria with no explicit long vowel in VT44:18)

márië stative verb "it is good" (FS; from mára "good"; however, the stative-verb suffix -ië is hardly valid in LotR-style Quenya)

maril noun "glass, crystal" (VT46:13; if this is to be the same word as the second element of Silmaril, the stem-form would be marill-, cf. pl. Silmarilli)

marilla noun "pearl" (LT1:265)

mart noun "a piece of luck" (LT2:348; in LotR-style Quenya, no word can end in -rt. Read marto, as in LT2:348?)

marta- (1) vb. "to chance" or *"happen", (QL:63), cf. mart- "it happens" (impersonal) (LT2:348 - read marta-?)

marta (2) adj. "fey, fated" (MBARAT)

marta (3) noun "fate" (VT45:33, VT46:13) Cf. marto.

Martalmar noun (name) (TALAM)

Martan, Martano noun "Earth-smith", "Earthbuilder", a surname of Aule (TAN, GAWA/GOWO - the form Martanô given under MBAR must be understood as primitive)

marto noun "fortune, fate, lot" (LT2:348); cf. marta # 3.

martya- vb. "destine" (MBARAT)

marya adj. "pale, fallow, fawn" (MAD)

-mas final element in placenames, equivalent to English -ton, -by (LT1:251; may or may not be valid in Tolkien's later Quenya)

#massa noun "bread" (massamma "our bread", VT43:18); massánië "breadgiver", used as a title of the highest woman among any Elvish people, since she had the keeping and gift of the coimas (lembas). Also simply translated "Lady" (PM:404)

masta noun "bread" (MBAS, PM:404; later sources have massa). Mastamma "our bread" (VT43:18). In the Etymologies, Tolkien emended the gloss of masta from "dough" to "bread" (VT45:33).

masta- vb. "bake" (MBAS)

masto noun "village" (LT1:251)

mat- vb. "eat" (MAT, VT45:32), also given as mata- (VT39:5), pa.t. mantë "ate" (VT39:7)

mátengwië noun "language of the hands" (VT47:9)

matl noun "food"; read *matil in LotR-style Quenya (in which language final syllabic -l becomes -il) (QL:59)

*matil, see matl

maur noun "dream, vision" (LT1:261)

maurë noun "need" (MBAS)

mausta noun "compulsion" (MBAW)

mauya- vb. "compel" (MBAW)

mavar noun "shepherd" (LT1:268, GL:58)

mavoitë adj. "having hands" (LT2:339)

maxa ("ks") adj. "pliant, soft" (MASAG, VT45:32)

maxë ("ks") noun "dough" (MASAG, VT45:32)

#Máya pl. Máyar, see Maia

*mbelekôro masc. name, mentioned as "the oldest Q form" of Melkor, q.v. This is obviously a form that belongs to Common Eldarin rather than Quenya as we know it: Notice that it is asterisked as unattested (WJ:402)

me object pronoun "us" (but likely it can also function as the subject form "we") (VT43:23, VT44:9), mel-lumna "us-is-heavy", sc. *"is heavy for us" (LR:47, mel- is evidently an assimilated form of men "for us", dative of me; the form men is attested by itself, VT43:21). Álamë "do not [do something to] us", negative imperative particle with object pronoun suffixed (VT43:19: álamë tulya, "do not lead us"), ámen "do [something for] us", imperative particle with dative pronoun suffixed (ámen apsenë "forgive us", VT43:12, 18). Dual met "us (two)" (Nam), "you and me" (VT47:11; the latter translation would make met an inclusive pronoun, though it is elsewhere suggested that it is rather exclusive: "him/her and me"). Rá men or rámen "for us/on our behalf", see rá. Locative messë "on us", VT44:12 (also with prefix o, ó- ?"with" in the same source). See also ménë, ómë.

mëar noun "gore" (LT1:260)

mectar ("k") noun "Swordsman". In Telimectar ("k"). (LT1:268; in LotR-style Quenya mehtar, also macar)

mel- vb. "love (as friend)" (MEL); melánë "I love", a doubtful word in Tolkien's later Quenya; read perhaps *mélanyë or *melanyë (LR:70)

méla adj. "loving, affectionate" (VT39:10)

Melcor (so spelt in MR:362) see Melkor

melda adj. "beloved, dear, sweet" (MEL, VT45:34); meldielto "they are beloved" (sc. meld[a]-ië-lto "beloved-are-they" - both the stative verb ending -ië "is/are" and the ending -lto "they" may be obsolete in LotR-style Quenya) (FS)

#meldë noun *"friend", feminine (meldenya *"my friend" in the Elaine inscription, Tolkien referring to Elaine Griffiths)

meldo noun "friend, lover". (VT45:34, quoting a deleted entry in the Etymologies, but cf. the pl. #meldor in Eldameldor "Elf-lovers", WJ:412) It may be that meldo is the masculine form corresponding to feminine #meldë.

meles, melessë noun "love" (LT1:262; rather melmë in Tolkien's later Quenya)

#meletya adj. "mighty", isolated from meletyalda adjective with suffix "your mighty" = "your majesty" (see -lda; meletya = *"mighty"). In full Aran Meletyalda "king your mighty" = "your majesty" (WJ:369)

melima adj. "loveable, fair" (MEL, VT45:34); Melimar a name of the Lindar (in Tolkien's former conception = the later Vanyar, not the Teleri) (MEL)

melin adj. "dear" (MEL)

melindo noun "lover" (m.) (MEL)

melissë noun "lover" (f.) (MEL)

Melko masc. name "Mighty One", name of the rebellious Vala, usually called Melkor (MIL-IK, MOR; FS - MR:350 confirms that the form Melko is still valid in Tolkien's later Quenya, though not interpreted "Greedy One" as in the Etymologies)

Melkor (spelt Melcor in MR:362), masc. name: the rebellious Vala, the devil of the Silmarillion mythos. Older (MET) form Melkórë "Mighty-rising" (hence the interpretation "He that arises in power"). Oldest Q form *mbelekôro (WJ:402). Compounded in Melkorohíni "Children of Melkor", Orcs ("but the wiser say: nay, the slaves of Melkor; but not his children, for Melkor had no children") (MR:416). The form Melkoro- here occurring may incorporate either the genitive ending -o or the otherwise lost final vowel of the ancient form *mbelekôro.

melmë noun "love" (MEL)

melwa adj. "lovely" (LT1:262)

men (1) pron. "(for) us", dative form of me, q.v.

men (2) noun "way" (SA) or "place, spot" (MEN)

men (3) pron. "who", evidently a misreading or miswriting for man (MC:221, in Markirya)

#men- vb. "go" (VT47:11, cf. VT42:30), attested in the aorist (menë) in the sentence imbi Menel Cemenyë menë Ráno tië "between Heaven and Earth goes the path of the Moon"

ména noun "region" (MEN)

#mendë noun "will", only attested in mendelya "thy will" (VT43:15)

ménë pronoun in locative? "on us" (SD:310; compare me "us") The form is somewhat obscure.

Menel noun "heavens" (Markirya, SA), "the heavens, the firmament" (SD:401), "the apparent dome in the sky" (MR:387). Menel Cemenyë ("k") "Heaven and Earth" (VT47:30). Found in names like Meneldil *"Heaven-friend" = astronomer (Appendix A; Letters:386), Meneldur masc. name, *"Heaven-servant" (Appendix A); menelluin *"sky-blue", used as noun = "cornflower" (J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist & Illustrator p. 193). Menelmacar "Swordsman of the Sky", the Orion constellation (also called Telumehtar, Appendix E, first footnote); the older name was Menelmacil *"Heaven-sword" (WJ:411); Meneltarma "Pillar of Heaven", name of the great central mountain of Númenor (SA:tar, VT42:21). Menelya fifth day of the Eldarin six-day week, dedicated to the heavens (Appendix D) Locative meneldë "in heaven"; abandoned forms menellë, menelzë (VT43:12, 16). Adj. meneldëa "(being) in heaven", evidently based on a locative form meneldë "in heaven"; abandoned forms menelzëa, menellëa, menelessëa (VT43:13, VT44:16; the last of these forms would suggest the locative form #menelessë).

mennai prep. "until" (VT14:5; in Tolkien's later Quenya rather tenna)

menta- (1) vb. "send, cause to go" (in a desired direction) (VT41:6, VT43:15)

menta (2) noun "sending" or "message" as in sanwe-menta "thought-sending, mental message" (VT41:5)

mentë noun "point, end" (MET)

menya (pl. menyë is attested) possessive pron. "our", 1st person pl. exclusive independent possessive pronoun (VT43:19, 35). Evidently derived from the dative form men "for us" by adding the adjectival ending -ya. Compare ninya, q.v.

mëoi noun "cat", a somewhat strange word by the standards of Tolkien's later Quenya (no other cases of final -oi in the singular). Some would read *mëo, if the word is to be used in LotR-style Quenya. Vardo Mëoita "Prince of Cats"; mëoita here seems to be a kind of adjective rather than a genitive (LT2:348).

mer- vb. "wish, desire, want" (the form merë given in Etym seems to be the 3rd person sg. aorist, *"wishes, desires, wants"); pa.t. mernë (MER)

[merca ("k") adj. "wild, untamed" (MERÉK, VT45:34)]

meren (merend-), merendë noun "feast, festival" (MBER; Tolkien first gave the stem-form of meren as mern- before emending it to merend-, VT45:33-34)

merya adj. "festive" (MBER)

meryalë noun "holiday" (MBER)

mesta noun ?"journey" (Arct)

met dual 1st person pronoun "us (two)", including the dual ending -t (Nam, VT47:11). See me.

Metelairë noun alternative name of August (PM:135)

Meterrívë noun alternative name of January (PM:135)

métima adj. "last" (Markirya), in Markirya also twice métim', since the following words (auressë, andúnë) begin in an a.

metta noun "end"; Ambar-metta "world-end, the end of the world" (EO); mettarë *"end-day" = New Years' Eve in the Númenórean calendar and the Steward's Reckoning, not belonging to any month (Appendix D)

metya- vb. "put an end to" (MET)

mi prep. "in, within" (MI, VT27:20, VT44:18, 34, VT43:30; the latter source also mentions the variant imi); mí "in the" (Nam, RGEO:66; CO gives mi; the correct forms should evidenly be mi = "in" and mí = mi i "in the"). Allative minna "to the inside, into" (MI), also mina (VT43:30). The forms mimmë and mingwë seem to incorporate pronominal suffixes for "us", hence ?"in us", inclusive and exclusive respectively. The pronoun -mmë denoted plural inclusive "we" when this was written, though Tolkien would later make it dual instead (see -mmë). Second person forms are also given: mil or milyë *"in you" (sg.), millë "in you" (pl.) (VT43:36). A special use of mi appears in the phrase Wendë mi Wenderon "Virgin of Virgins" (VT44:18); here mi appears superfluous to achieve the desired meaning, but this combination of singular noun + mi + plural genitive noun may be seen as a fixed idiom expressing that the initial noun represents the most prominent member of a class.

mici ("k") prep. "among" (VT43:30)

mil, see mi

milca ("k") adj. "greedy" (MIL-IK)

milmë noun "desire, greed" (MIL-IK)

milya (1) adj. "soft, gentle, weak" (VT45:34)

milya- (2) vb. "long for" (MIL-IK)

milyë, see mi

millë, see mi

min numeral "one", also minë (VT45:34)

mina prep. "into" (VT43:30); see minna

mína adj. "desiring to start, eager to go", also verb mína- "desire to go in some direction, to wish to go to a place, make for it, have some end in view" (VT39:11)

Minalcar masc. name, noun *"First-glory"??? (Appendix A)

Minardil masc.name noun *"minar[?]-friend". Perhaps minar is to be understood as a variant of minas (s being voiced to z by contact with the voiced plosive that follows, and then regularly becoming r); if so, the name means *"Tower-friend" (Appendix A)

minassë, noun "fort, city, with a citadel and central watch-tower" (VT42:24)

Minastan masc.name, noun *"Tower-maker" (Appendix A)

Minastir masc. name, noun *"Tower-watcher" (Appendix A)

minasurie noun "enquiry" (Þ; the word is actually cited as minaþurie) in Ondonóre Nómesseron Minaþurie "Enquiry into the Place-names of Gondor". The editor tentatively analyzes minaþurie as #mina "into" + #þurie (#surië) noun "seeking" (VT42:17, 30-31).

minda adj. "prominent, conspicuous" (MINI)

mindë noun "turret" (VT42:24)

mindo noun "isolated tower" (MINI)

Mindolluin noun *"Blue Tower" (mindon + luin), name of a mountain. (Christopher Tolkien translates the name as "Towering Blue-head" in the Silmarillion Index, but this seems to be based on the questionable assumption that it includes the Sindarin element dol "head, hill". Unless this translation is given in his father's papers, the name is better explained as a Quenya compound.)

mindon noun "(great, lofty) tower", said to be an augmented form of mindë (VT42:24). Allative pl. mindoninnar in Markirya, changed to the contracted form mindonnar. Cf. also Mindon Eldaliéva "Lofty Tower of the Eldalië" (Silm)

minë numeral "one", also min (MINI, VT45:34)

minga-ránar compound noun in pre-classical locative "in waning-moon" (locative -r) (MC:213; this is "Qenya")

minna prep. "to the inside, into" (also mir) (MI); variant mina "into" (VT43:30), possibly occurring, compounded, in minasurie, q.v.

Minnónar pl. noun "First-born", Elves (as contrasted to Apanónar, the After-born, Men). Sg. #Minnóna (WJ:403)

minquë ("q") cardinal "eleven" (MINIK-W, LT1:260)

minta prep. "inwards, [?into]" (Tolkien's gloss is not certainly legible). Also mitta. (VT45:34)

mintë adj. "small" (VT45:35)

mintya ??? (Narqelion)

minya adj. "first" (MINI) (cf. Minyatur); "eminent, prominent" (VT42:24, 25). Minyar "Firsts", the original name of the Vanyar (or rather the direct Quenya descendant of the original Primitive Quendian name) (WJ:380)

Minyarussa noun "First-russa" (VT41:10)

Minyatur noun "First-ruler"; Tar-Minyatur "High First-ruler", title of Elros as the first King of Númenor (SA:minas, PM:348, SA:tur)

miquilis ("q") noun "kisses" (MC:215; this is "Qenya")

mir (1) prep. with old allative ending "to the inside, into" (also minna) (MI). This is mi "in" with the same allative ending -r (from primitive -da) as in tar "thither", q.v.

mir (2) cardinal "one" (LT1:260; in LotR-style Quenya rather minë)

mírë noun "jewel" (MIR, SA:mîr). Cf. Elemmírë; short form -mir in Tar-Atanamir. (SA:mîr)

Míriel noun *"Jewel-woman" (Silm), genitive Míriello (see namna)

miril (mirill-, as in pl. mirilli) noun "shining jewel" (MBIRIL)

mirilya- vb. "glitter" (MBIRIL)

mirima adj. "free" (MIS)

Mirimor noun *"the Free", a name of the Teleri; sg. #Mirimo (MIS)

mirroanwi "incarnates, those (spirits) 'put into flesh' "; sg. *mirroanwë (MR:350)

miruvor, full form miruvórë noun "mead", "a special wine or cordial"; possessive miruvóreva "of mead" (Nam, RGEO:66; WJ:399). In the "Qenya Lexicon", miruvórë was defined "nectar, drink of the Valar" (LT1:261).

mis adverbial particle "less" (PE14:80)

misil (changed by Tolkien from misilya) noun *"silver (jewel-like) brilliance" (VT27:20, 27; this is "Qenya")

[missë] adj. or noun "wet, damp, rain" (VT45:35)

mista adj. "grey"; see lassemista

mista- vb. "stray about" (MIS)

mistë noun "fine rain" (MIZD, VT45:35)

mitra, see mitsa

mitsa adj. "small" (VT45:35) Another synonym from the same source, mitra, looks unusual for a Quenya word (because of the medial cluster tr)

mitta- (1) vb. "insert" (VT43:30)

mitta- (2) prep. "between" (VT43:30; the final hyphen may suggest that suffixes would normally follow)

mitta (3) noun "piece" (VT45:81)

mitta (4) prep. "inwards, [?into]" (Tolkien's gloss is not certainly legible). Also minta. (VT45:34)

Mittalmar noun the "Midlands" of Númenor (UT:165). May incorporate mitta- "between" and hence *"in the middle".

mittanya- vb. "to lead" (+ allative: lead into) (VT43:10, 22; Tolkien may have abandoned this form in favour of tulya-)

mitya adj. "interior" (MI)

miulë noun "whining, mewing" (MIW)

mixa ("ks") adj. "wet" (MISK)

-mmë pronominal ending, at one conceptual stage exclusive "we", seen in vammë "we won't" (WJ:371), firuvammë "we will die" (VT43:34), etemmë ?"out of us" (VT43:36). Also compare the corresponding emphatic pronoun emmë (q.v.). Tolkien later redefined -mmë as the ending for dual "we" (VT43:6); it is unclear whether this form is inclusive or exclusive, or whether this distinction is upheld in the dual pronouns. If it is, -mmë is most likely exclusive (connecting with the dual pronoun met in Namárië). The ending -lmë replaced -mmë in its former (plural exclusive) sense.

mo, indefinite pronoun "one, someone" (VT42:34)

-mo ending frequent in names and titles, sometimes with an agental significance (WJ:400)

moc- ("k") vb. "hate" (given as mocir ["k"] "I hate" in LT1:258; read *mocin if the word is to be adapted to Tolkien's later Quenya)

moia- vb. "labour, be afflicted" (VT43:31)