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170focused on the shift in spy fiction away from individual action to that of groups or institutions. In another his book called Gravity´s Rainbow (1973) the main focus is put on the menace to self determined by the domestic workings of the secret services. Pynchon´s works are based on many of the themes like racism, colonialism, imperialism, conspiracy, religion. His another novels are The Crying of Lot 49 (1990), Vineland (1990), Mason & Dison (1997) and Against the Day (2006). 171 Richard Condon (19151996) is an American satirical and thriller novelist who pays his attention also to espionage themes. His famous depiction of the brainwashed assassin in The Manchurian Candidate (1959) is a combination of parental and national betrayal. It is a conspiratorial book featuring the story of the son of a prominent US political family who was brainwashed into being an unwilling assassin for the Communist Party.172 The same theme recurs in later novels like James Grady´ s Six Days of the Condor (1974).173 In these above stated novels, the nature and limits of intelligence agencies are largely a domestic problem.174 Also Charles McCarry (1930) an American, who served in the United States Army and from 1958 to 1967 worked for CIA as an intelligence officer under deep cover in Africa, Asia and Europe ranks among the most important spy novel authors in USA175. Later he worked as a speech writer for the Eisenhower administration. He is known for his books featuring the story of super spy agent called Paul Christopher who was a witness of several true events, murders, e.g. the Kennedy assassination. The books The Miermik Dossier (1973), The Tears of Autumn (1974) and The Secret Lovers (1977) are interesting for their historical beckground, detailed descriptiuon and depiction of art of spying. The first Paul Christopher novel, The Miermik Dossier (1971) based on documents, collected from intelligence agencies around the world. Taddeus Miermik, was a Pole working for the U.N. in Switzerland. McCarry is often compared to Faulkner. “ McCarry is beyond Le Carr é in vision and purpose and is producing some of the best, 170 171 Thomas Pynchon. Wikipedia Free Encyclopedia 23 November 2009 173 Priestman, Martin. The Cambridge Companion to Crime Fiction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.2003. p. 130. 174175 Charles McCarry Wikipedia Free Encyclopedia 4 December 2009 49
176most readable and provocative literature today. He has set himself the task of recording the hopes, dreams, frailties and mistakes of several generations of Americans whose decisions have determined the course of twentieth-century history.”177 Clive Eric Cussler (1931), an American adventure novelist and a former US Air Force officer, who has written big number of novels featuring the hero Dirk Pitt.178 Pitt is described in much the same way as Bond and each novel opens with an action scene that at first appears to be unrelated to the rest of the plot. Dirk Pitt is a marine engineer, government agent and adventurer. Cussler ´s novels usually feature a menace to the United States or to the rest of the world in general. The first two Pitt novels, The Mediterranean Caper and Iceberg, are relatively thrillers with maritime plot. Another novel, Raise the Titanic is a mix of adventure plus high technology, involving immoral megalomaniacal villains, lost wrecked ships and sunken lost treasure. His novel Dragon (1991) a story about a nuclear bomb intended for Japan at the end of the second world. 179th British dominance in espionage literature seemed to leave somewhat during the last quarter of the 20 centur y. Since the 1980´s, A merican novelists including Robert Ludlow and Tom Clancy competed and started rivalry with their British colleagues and counterparts in writing best-selling spy fiction. Around that time the world of international politics and matter issues is no longer perceived as western-centric or bipolar (split into adverse nation states) as it was apparent throughout much of the twentieth century. As international secret services and agencies pay their attention to current crises like illicit traffic of drugs, trafficking, white slavery, illegal gun business and terrorism, also such sides of the world will likely be reflected on the pages of the literature of intelligence in the coming generations. The end of the Cold War did not result in the doom and disappearance of the spy novel, but it led 176 Morton, Marcus. Beyond Bond. Forget Fleming: lose Le Carré-Charles McCarry is undiscovered the Master of the Spy novel 10 November 2009 177 178 Clive Cussler. Wikipedia Free Encyclopedia. 4 November 2009 Yüklə 0,5 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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