Master degree in “Water, Environment, Oceanography” (weo)

W26	Ecosystems functioning and Aquatic living resources
ECTS	5
Specialities	NEWS
Keywords	Ecosystem services – Aquatic resources – Functional Biodiversity – Functional Ecology
Description	The module is focused on Ecosystems services with a general presentation of related concepts on ecosystem in general (first part) and emphasis on aquatic living resources in particular (second part). Part 1: Concepts and tools in ecosystems functioning This course addresses ecosystems understanding and associated services through different and complementary approaches, from the integrative ecology (including natural abiotic, biotic factors and human impact), the functional and evolutionary relationship between groups (such as parasitism, mutualism, invasive species, engineer species…), to the assessment of environmental threats on ecosystems integrity. Each topic represents about 5-6 hours of teaching both theoretical and practical. Integrative ecology Main aspects useful in the understanding, evolution, assessment, management and conservation of ecosystems, including human impact Ecosystem dynamics and community ecology Natural relationship between communities (invertebrates and vertebrates) in undisturbed ecosystems; Principles of ecosystems dynamic and links between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Economics & management of biodiversity Focus on specific groups in biodiversity, important in economics and human health through their negative (pests, disease vectors…) and positive impact for Human (auxiliaries in biological control, pollinators, ecological engineers, decomposers…) with emphasis on how to manage, use, protect and conserve useful biodiversity. Principles in population biology This topic is focused on tools and methods commonly used to assess populations dynamics including studies of case using mathematical, modelling, genetic, experimental and GIS tools. The training is also presenting behavioural (strategies, life history traits) and cladistics (phylogeny) methods as well. Part 2: Focus on aquatic living resources Biology, exploitation and management of living aquatic resources: Know the richness of aquatic environments and issues associated with their exploitation. (15-20 h) This course seeks to provide the foundations required to understand and study aquatic living resources, their dynamic, exploitation and management. As man increasingly exploits and modifies aquatic environment we also analyze the response of living resources to changes in environmental conditions. More specifically this course - describe and explain the different types of aquatic living resources available in different aquatic environments, their exploitation and culture. - describe population dynamic, harvest and maintenance of the living resources in inland and marine waters. Current problems of fishing practices and fishery resource management. - investigate the sensitivity of aquatic living resources in relation to human interventions. We particularly describe how environmental factors (including climate change, fisheries, pollution, introduced and invasive species and habitat destruction) influence the quality and quantity of aquatic products produced under natural and cultured conditions.
Coordinators	Prof Yves CAUBET, Univ. Poitiers
Lectures
Instructors	UP: Yves CAUBET, Freddie-Jeanne RICHARD, Didier BOUCHON, Sophie BELTRAN-BECH ULCO: Prof. Rachid AMARA, ULCO
Control	examination + practical + personal work

W27	Project
ECTS	5
Specialities	NEWS
Keywords
Description
Coordinators	Dong Thi Thuy, IET
Lectures
Instructors
Control

W31	Physical oceanography
ECTS	5
Specialities	HO
Keywords	World ocean climatology, Sea water, Rotating stratified fluid dynamics, Wind driven ocean circulation, Oceanic waves, Equatorial waves, Internal waves, Tides, East (South China) Sea Oceanography, Oceanographic instrumentation
Description	The Teaching Unit is composed of 3 courses (Introduction to physical and dynamical oceanography, Waves in the ocean, Regional and East (South China) Sea Oceanography) and one field trip including hands-on experience of taking CTD measurements and water samples within two days (analysis of physical measurements with Seabird data processing, analysis of dissolved oxygen, observation of plankton, analysis of sediments). The ship trip is located around Hai Phong coastal area, and lodging is envisaged at the Marine Hydro-Meteorological station in DoSon.
Coordinator	Prof Dr Nicholas HALL, Univ. Paul-Sabatier, LEGOS, [e-mail] Dr Patrick MARCHESIELLO, IRD Dr NGUYEN Nguyet Minh, USTH
Lectures	Introduction to Physical and Dynamical Oceanography. C-Tutorials 12h, Lecturers: Gael Alory / Rosemary Morrow (/ Nick Hall) 1) World ocean climatology and heat balance: solar forcing, sea surface heat budget, heat transfer by ocean currents, evaporation and precipitation, sea surface temperature and salinity, annual cycle in different ocean basins 2) Sea water and water masses : properties of sea water, T-S diagrams, density, potential density, equation of state, world ocean water masses 3) Ocean currents : descriptive: Gulf stream, Kuroshio, ACC, tropical currents, deep currents, thermohaline circulation 4) Rotating stratified fluid dynamics: eulerian and lagrangian derivatives, basic conservation laws, rotation, circulation and vorticity, geostrophic and hydrostatic balance, shallow water equations, potential vorticity 5) Wind driven ocean circulation: wind stress forcing, Ekman spiral / pumping / transport, Sverdrup, Stommel/Munk, Fofonoff, ventilation, homogenization Waves in the ocean. C-Tutorials 12h. Lecturers: Nick Hall (/Gael Alory / Rosemary Morrow) 1) General properties of waves: mathematical representation, wavenumber and frequency, phase and group speed, dispersion, methods for linear solutions 2) Deep and shallow water waves:general solution for surface waves, deep and shallow water, swell and surf, tsunamis 3) Waves in a rotating system:inertia gravity waves, coastal Kelvin waves, Rossby waves, topographic Rossby waves, vertical modes 4) Equatorial waves: equatorial scalings, wave theory, El Niño, MJO 5) Internal waves and tides: internal waves, lee waves, tides, bores and solitons Regional and East (South China) Sea Oceanography. C-Tutorials 6h. Lecturer: Dinh Van Uu, HUS-VNU Oceanography of Pacific Ocean Meteorology and Oceanography of East Sea Air-sea interaction in the East Sea region Ocean measurements field trip. Practical 18 hours. Instructors: Minh + Nguyen Minh Huan (HUS-VNU)
Instructors	Prof Dr Nick HALL, Univ. Paul-Sabatier, LEGOS, [e-mail] Prof Dr DINH VAN UU, PR, HUS-VNU, [e-mail] Dr Patrick MARCHESIELLO, IRD Dr. Nguyen Nguyet Minh, USTH
Control	examination + practical + personal work

W32	Physics of the atmosphere
ECTS		2.5
Specialities	HO
Keywords		The Earth's atmosphere, atmospheric thermodynamics, global atmospheric structure, the Hadley circulation in the Tropics, the monsoon.
Description		The teaching unit aims at providing a broad description of the physics of the atmosphere. The first part gives a description of the atmosphere, its composition and the vertical variations of pressure and temperature. The second part deals with the relations between mechanical energy and heat in the atmosphere, and presents the principal diabatic processes. The third part presents the global circulation in the low and upper troposphere, and the associated pressure and temperature fields. The fourth part deals with a simple model of the Hadley circulation in the Tropics, which allows to analyze its main characteristics. The fifth part concerns the monsoon systems resulting from differential responses to seasonal heating over the continents and the oceans.
Coordinators		Prof Frank Roux, Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, [e-mail]
Lectures		1. The Earth's atmosphere 1.1. Atmospheric composition 1.2. Vertical variation of pressure 1.3. Vertical variation of teperature 1.4. Hydrostatic equilibrium 2. Atmospheric thermodynamics 2.1. Air parcel, pressure-volume work 2.2. The first law of thermodynamics 2.3. Heat, entropy and potential temperature 2.4. Atmospheric humidity 2.5. Diabatic processes 3. Global atmospheric structure 3.1. Pressure and wind at surface level 3.2. Thermal structures 3.3. Upper-tropospheric winds 3.4. Atmospheric equilibriums (wind, pressure, temperature) 3.5. Meridional circulation 4. The Hadley circulation in the Tropics 4.1. The Held and Hou (1980) model 4.2. Balanced circulation at equinoxes 4.3. Balanced circulation at solstices 4.4. Seasonal contrasts 4.5. Tne Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone 5. The monsoon 5.1. Definition 5.2. Differential heating in summer and winter 5.3. Land-ocean heating contrast and consequences 5.4. The effect of Earth's rotation 5.5. The annual cycle of the monsoon Total (lectures and tutorials) : 17 h. Lecturer : F. Roux
Instructors		Prof Dr Frank Roux, Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse
Control		examination (2h)

W33	Numerical methods in fluids & Oceanography modelling
ECTS	5
Specialities	HO
Keywords	Numerical model, Oceanography
Description	Numerical methods in fluids Description of regional oceanic models (primitive equations, discretization, advection schemes, parameterizations, boundary conditions). Familiarization with modelling through practical work (implementation on a simple real case, results analyses, sensitivity studies to schemes and parameterisations, process studies, comparison with observations)
Coordinators	Dr Marine HERRMANN (IRD, LEGOS, [e-mail], 14 avenue E. Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France) Dr Nguyen Nguyet Minh, USTH
Lectures	Basic numerical modelling (C: 10h, Practical: 4 h, Lecturer F. Golay) Introduction to numerical methods: Components of a Numerical Solution Method, Properties of Numerical Solution Methods, Discretization Approaches (C 2h); Finite Difference Methods (FDM): Approximation of the First Derivative, Second Derivative, Mixed Derivatives, Implementation of Boundary Conditions, The Algebraic Equation System (C 4h); Application of FDM to the Generic Transport Equation (P 2h) Finite Volume Methods (FVM): Approximation of Surface Integrals, Approximation of Volume Integrals, Interpolation and Differentiation Practices UDS, CDS, QUICK, Implementation of Boundary Conditions, The Algebraic Equation System (C 4h) Application of FVM to the Generic Transport Equation (P 2h) Oceanographic modelling (C 5h: Practical : 20h ; Lecturers : M. Herrmann, N.N. Minh) Presentation of numerical modelling : primitive equations, discretization, advection schemes, turbulence closure schemes, parameterizations, boundary conditions (C 5h) P1 : Presentation of the numerical code structure, preprocessing (3D grid preparation) (P 2,5h) P2 : Preprocessing : Boundary conditions (P 2,5h) P3: Compilation, run, visualization and diagnostics (P 2,5h) P4 : Sensitivity to horizontal advection and diffusion schemes (P 2,5h) P5 : Effect of grid refinement (P 2,5h) P6 : Hydrological forcing (rivers), plume dispersion (P 2,5h) P7 : Effect of tidal forcing (P 2,5h) P8: Interannual simulation (P 2,5h)
Instructors	Dr Marine HERRMANN, CR IRD, UPS, LEGOS, [e-mail] Dr Frédéric GOLAY, University of Toulon Dr HA Ngoc Hien, Department of Environmental Planning, IET, [e-mail]
Control	practical work

W34	Project
ECTS	5
Specialities	NEWS
Keywords	Hydrology, Biogeochemistry, Greenhouse gas emissions, Sedimentation, Aquatic chemistry, Aquatic biology, Modeling
Description	Dam’s management: Through lectures, seminars by professionals of dam management and environmental monitoring and technical practices in the field and in the laboratory, this module encompasses the main environmental consequences (hydrological, biogeochemical and biological) of damming rivers.
Coordinators	Dr Frédéric GUERIN, CR IRD, University Toulouse III (Paul Sabatier), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, [e-mail] Prof Dr Dominique Serça, Univ. Toulouse 3
Lectures	Courses 25h, Practicals 21h, Control 2h “Dams: Hydrology, Erosion & Sedimentation” "Carbon and nitrogen cycles in reservoirs and greenhouse gas (CO2, CH4 and N2O) emissions”, 8 h course. Potential lecturers: F. Guérin, D. Serça, S. Audry “Physical and Biogeochemical Modeling”, 6 h course. Potential lecturers: F. Guérin, V. Chanudet “Seminar with Professionals (Environmental Monitoring, Water quality and indicators)”, 3 h course. Potential instructors: V. Chanudet, P. Guédant, Maud Cottet “Project: Laboratory and Field Practices”, 21 h practical. Potential instructors: F. Guérin, D. Serça
Instructors	Dr Frédéric GUERIN, CR IRD, GET, UPS, [e-mail] Prof Dr Dominique Serça, Univ. Toulouse 3 Dr Pierre GUEDANT, Maud COTTET, AELab, Laos Dr Stéphane AUDRY, Phys. Adj., GET, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, [e-mail] Dr Vincent CHANUDET, EDF-CIH, Le Bourget du Lac
Control	examination (report) and oral presentation

Master 2 - Semester 3: Speciality units

W41	Management Sciences 2, French
ECTS	5
Specialities	W3, NEWS, HO
Keywords	Economics of the environment, French
Description	3 to 5 lines
Coordinators	Dr Frédéric THOMAS, IRD Dr Minh Ha DUONG, CIRED, CNRS; [e-mail]
Lectures	- French, 40h - Economics of the environment, 20h. Lecturer: Minh Ha Duong
Instructors	Dr Minh Ha DUONG, DR CNRS, CIRED, Paris
Control	examination + practical + personal work

W42	Sensors
ECTS	2.5
Specialities	W3, NEWS, HO
Keywords	Sensors – Analyte – Detection – Integrated systems – Passive and dynamic sensors
Description	The objective of this lecture is to introduce some notions with respect to the integrated systems including physical, chemical and biological sensors. Its aim will be to show the importance of such tools for a better understanding of the water cycle from the point of view of water quantity and quality, and a smarter management of the quality of natural, drinking and waste waters. The main part of the courses will be: - Introduction of integrated systems and sensors: from definitions and principles to application of different techniques of detection; interest of such tools (measurements, monitoring, data analysis and interpretation, and observation vs. modelling) - Presentation of the different types of sensors (chemical, biological, physicochemical, physical); their performance and limits (size, cost, lifetime..., biofouling...) - Passive vs. dynamic sensors - More advance with respect to detection systems (optical, electrochemical…) for dynamic in-situ sensors - Integration and networking for data management
References	Jaffrezic-Renault, N., 2014. Instrumentation et interdisciplinarité ; capteurs chimiques et physiques. Edp Sciences, Paris Lalauze, R., Ed., 2012. Chemical Sensors and Biosensors. ISTE-Wiley, London Reference for passive sampler/sensors
Coordinators	Prof. Philippe Behra, INPT-ENSIACET, LCA UMR 1010
Lectures	Sensors: 14 h course, Tran Thi Nhu Trang, Philippe Behra Field applications and case studies: 6 h course and tutorial, Tran Thi Nhu Trang, Philippe Behra
Instructors	Dr. Tran Thi Nhu Trang (Faculty of Chemistry - University of Science – VNUHCM - [e-mail]), Prof. Philippe Behra (INPT – [e-mail])
Control	Examination (1 written exams + report from tutorial)

W43	Network design
ECTS	5
Specialities	WPT
Keywords	Water network sizing, pressure driven flow modelling, network equipment
Description	This course gives an introduction to pressure driven and free surface flows in pipe modelling in real world case. The first part focuses on the classical numerical methods used to model water network (finite difference approach, stability problem, hardy-cross method, Preissmann slice…) and on the use of water network modelling software. In a second part, real networks will be modelled to : understand the phenomenon that can occur (water hammer, cavitation …), highlight the role of specific network equipment (pressure control, water hammer equipment, …) highlight the rules of network sizing (ideal location of a reservoir, reinforcement of the network, …). An important part of the course is devoted to give practical skills to students through the practice of a modelling software in a real world case. This course is an application of the bases teached in WEO-03 and WEO-15.
Coordinators	Dr Hoang Thanh Tung, Water Resources University, Vietnam (WRU); [e-mail]
Lectures	Water network modelling, Xh course, Xh tutorial.
Instructors
Control	2 h examination + oral exam for the project

W44	Oxidation processes - Desinfection
ECTS	5
Specialities	W3
Keywords
Description
Coordinators	Prof Dr D. Wolbert, ENSC Rennes Dr LE Phuong Thu, USTH
Lectures
Instructors	Prof Dominique Wolbert Ass Prof. Marie Desbordes, Univ. Poitiers Dr LE Phuong Thu, USTH
Control	examination + practical + personal work

W45	Membrane processes
ECTS	5
Specialities	WPT
Keywords	Membrane processes
Description
Coordinator	Prof Dr Corinne CABASSUD, INSA Toulouse, [e-mail] Dr DAO Thanh Duong, USTH
Lectures
Instructors	Prof Dr Corinne Cabassud, INSA Toulouse, LISBP Prof Dr Christel Causserand, UPS, LGC Toulouse An industrial representant of the french cluster Water, Sensor and Membranes (WSM) Dr DAO Thanh Duong, USTH
Control

W46	Water Reuse and Nutrient Valorisation
ECTS	2.5
Specialities	W3
Keywords
Description
Coordinators	Prof Dr Geoffroy LESAGE, Univ. Montpellier, [e-mail]
Lectures
Instructors	Paul Bois Mathieu Spérandio, INSA TONG Thi Chinh DUONG Thi Thuy, IET
Control	examination + practical + personal work

W47	Desalination
ECTS	2.5
Specialities	W3
Keywords
Description
Coordinators	Prof Corinne Cabassud, INSA Toulouse, [e-mail]
Lectures
Instructors	Dr DAO Thanh Duong, USTH, Prof. C. Cabassud
Control	examination + practical + personal work

W48	Group projects
Specialities	W3
Keywords	Pluri-disciplinar project
Description	Students work in groups of 2 or 3 people, on a project co-proposed by W48’s coordinators and by the coordinators of W43 to W47. This unit requires to use and to mobilize the knowledge that was acquired during S2 and S3 of W3.
Coordinators	DT Duong & Ngoc (USTH)
Lectures
Instructors	+ the instructors of W43, W44, W45, W46 and W47, who will participate to the definition of the project topic and to the evaluation of students
Control	written report and defense

W51	Hydrology modelling - Floods
ECTS	5
Specialities	NEWS, HO
Keywords	Hydrology, Rain-flow model, Floods
Description	Description of a hydrologic models. Familiarization with modelling through practical work (implementation on a simple real case, results analyses, sensitivity studies to schemes and parameterisations, process studies, comparison with observations)
Coordinators	Ass Prof Pascal Finaud-Guyot, ENGEES Prof. Denis Dartus, INPT
Lectures	Hydrological modelling (C: 8h, Tutorial: 3h, Practical: 6h; Lecturer: D. Dartus or D. Labat or X) Water cycle at basin catchment scale (C 1h); Approach of the water assessment on a catchment area (C 1h, T 1h); Hydrological Models and their classification. Hydrological modeling with Rain-Flow tanks and its applicability (C 1h); Rational method, Cascade of Nash and GRx, Problem of strong space heterogeneities (T 2h); Rain, rough and net Rain, infiltrations and their models (C 1h); Evaporation, evapotranspiration and their models (C 1h); Representation and modeling of the transfer function (C 1h); Project : Rain-Flow modelling using the HEC-HMS model (C 1h, P 6h); Complex models and Risks of floods (C 1h) Floods (C Xh: Practical : Xh ;Lecturers : P. Finaud-Guyot)
Instructors	Prof Dr Denis DARTUS, PR INPT, IMFT, [e-mail] Prof Dr David LABAT, Univ. Toulouse 3, UMR GET
Control	practical work

W52	GIS
ECTS	2.5
Specialities	NEWS, HO
Keywords	Remote sensing, VHR satellites, Optical, Radar, Digital Elevation Model, GIS
Description	Recent developments in remote sensing data processing will be described, particularly in the scope of the integrated river basin management and coastal survey. Case studies based on new data either optical or radar will be presented. The particular interest of a combined study of satellite data and exogenous data will be illustrated.
Coordinator	Prof. Jean-Paul DEROIN, Univ. Reims
Lectures	Courses 16h, practical 9h.
Instructors	Ass Prof Dr Simona Niculescu, Univ. Brest Dr Son, STI Dr Thach Nguyen Vu Giang, STI
Control	examination + practical + personal work

W53	Soils
ECTS	5
Specialities	NEWS
Keywords
Description
Coordinator	Dr Christian VALENTIN, IRD, [e-mail] Prof. TRAN Hong Con, VNU
Lectures	o   3 h. Introductory lecture: What are the main uses of soils ? Raw material, agricultural production, forestry, biomass for energy and industrial products, water flux regulation, biogeochemical reactor, waste recycling; biodiversity habitat; cultural functions. o   1 h30. Soil components: minerals, organic matter and soil organisms o   3 h. Processes of soil formation: 1–Soil profile description; 2-Pedogenetic processes factors o   3 h. Physical properties of soil: 1-Texture & Structure; 2- Soil hydrodynamics o   3 h. Chemical properties of soil: 1- Adsorbent capacity and ions exchange; 2- Nutrient uptake and soil fertility o   3 h. Ecological properties of soil: 1- Soil organic matter and C cycle; 2- Nutrient cycles o   6 h. Soil degradation, conservation and rehabilitation: erosion, acidification, salinization, pollution. o   1 h30. Soil management and governance. + field trip at Dong cao river basin
Instructors	C. Valentin, Jean-Luc Maeght [e-mail] + instructeurs Vietnamiens
Control	examination + practical + personal work