Maxsus ta’lim vazirligi nizomiy nomidagi Toshkent davlat pedagogika universiteti qoshidagi akademik litsey Nurmatov J. N, Kudratov K. X
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| SIFATLARNING OTLASHISHI
1. Ba’zi sifatlar ot ma’nosida ishlatilishi mumkin. Ular shaxslarning hammasini yoki guruhini ifodalab ko‘plik ma’nosida ishlatiladi, lekin ko‘plik qo‘shomchasi -s qo‘shilmaydi va aniq artikl bilan ishlatiladi: There are special schools for the blind in our country. Mamlakatimizda ko‘rlar uchun maxsus maktablar bor. Immediete help was rendered to the sick. Kasallarga shoshilinch yordam ko‘rsatildi. Izoh: Bir yoki bir nechta alohida shaxslarni ifodalash uchun sifatlarning man, men; woman, women; person, persons otlari bilan birikmasi ishlatiladi: a blind man ko‘r kishi; a blind woman ko‘r ayol; two blind persons ikkita ko‘r kishi; a poor man kambag‘al kishi; two poor men ikkita kambag‘al. 2. Millatni ifodalovchi sifatlar, shu millatga mansub kishilarni ifodalab otga aylanadi: a) -an, -ian qo‘shimchasi bilan tugagan sifatlar (Russian, Ger man) otga aylanadi hamda birlik va ko‘plikda ishlatiladi. Ko‘plikda -s qo‘shim chasini oladi va millatni ifodalaganda -s qo‘shimchasini oladi: a Russian rus a Bulgarian bolgar a German Nemis a Norwegian norveg an American amerikalik two Russians ikkita rus two Bulgarians ikkita bolgar two Germans ikkita nemis two Norwegians ikkita norveg two Americans ikkita amerikalik the Russians ruslar the Bulgarians bolgarlar the Germans nemislar the Norvegians norveglar the Americans amerikaliklar b) -se, -ss qo‘shimchalari bilan tugagan sifatlar otga aylanganda birlik va ko‘plikda ishlatiladi, lekin ko‘plikda -s qo‘shimchasini olmaydi: a Chinese – xitoylik; two Chinese – ikkita xitoy; the Chinese – xitoyliklar; a Japanese – yapon; two Japanese – ikkita yapon; the Japanese – yaponlar; a Swiss – shved; two Swiss – ikkita shved; the Swiss – shvedlar; c) -sh, -ch (English, French) qo‘shimchalari bilan tugagan sifatlar otlashganda aniq artikl bilan ishlatiladi va butun millatni ifodalaydi: the French fransuzlar, the English inglizlar, the Scotch shotlandlar, the Dutch gollandlar, the Spanish ispanlar. Gap millat haqida ketmasdan, alohida shaxs yoki shaxslar haqida ketganda yuqoridagi sifatlarga man, woman, men, women qoshiladi: an Englishman ingliz an Englishwoman ingliz ayoli two Englishmen ikkita ingliz a Frenchman fransuz a Frenchwoman fransuz ayoli two Frenchmen ikkita fransuz a Scotchman shotland a Scotchwoman shotland ayoli two Scotchmen ikkita shotland a Dutchman golland a Dutchwoman golland ayoli two Dutchmen ikkita golland
two Spaniards ikkita ispan. Yüklə 9,06 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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