Vocabulary
accustomed to be used to something
contemporary someone who lives in the same period of time; modern
constellation a group of stars that forms a pattern and has a name
employees someone who is paid to work for a person
entertainment something that amuses or interests people
equinox one of the two times a year when day and night are equal in length
legend an old, well-known story about a brave person or an adventure
UNIT 50
DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH (KO‘CHIRMA VA O‘ZLASHTIRMA GAPLAR)
1. Bir odamning gapini boshqa birovga o‘zgartirmasdan yetkazish ko‘chirma gap deyiladi (Direct Speech). Bir odamning gapini to‘ldiruvchi ergash gap yordamida faqat mazmunini yetkazish o‘zlashtirma gap deyiladi (Idirect Speech).
He has said: «The ship will arrive at the end of the week». «Kema haftaning oxirida keladi», dedi u.
He has said that the ship will arrive at the end of the week. U kemani haftaning oxirida ke lishini aytdi.
Ko‘chirma gapdagi The ship will arrive at the end of the week gapi mustaqil, alohida bir gapdir. O‘zlashtirma gapdagi that the ship will ar rive at the end of the week gapi to‘ldiruvchi ergash gap, u alohida ishlatil maydi. He has said bosh gap.
2. Ko‘chirma gaplardan oldin odatda vergul qo‘yiladi. Ammo uzun matnlardan oldin ikki nuqta qo‘yiladi. Ingliz tilida qo‘shtirnoq ko‘chirma gapning boshida ham, oxirida ham qatorning yuqorisiga qo‘yiladi.
3. Ko‘chirma gaplar darak gaplar, so‘roq gaplar va buyruq gaplarga bo‘linadi.
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