Present Participle Active to be fe’lining shakllari bilan kelib Continuous va Perfect Continuous zamonlarini yasaydi: I am reading, I was reading, I shall be reading, I have been reading, I had been reading.
PERFECT PARTICIPLE ACTIVE
1. Perfect Participle Active hol bo‘lib keladi va gapning kesimidagi ish harakatdan oldin sodir bo‘lgan ish-harakatni ifodalaydi.
2. Perfect Participle Active sifatdoshli iboralarda kelib sabab holi bo‘lib keladi. Bunday iboralarni kesimi Perfect zamonda kelgani sabab, ergash gaplari bilan almashtirish mumkin:
Having lived in London for many years (=As he had lived in London for many years) he knew that city very well.
Londonda ko‘p yillar yashaganligi sababli (Londonda ko‘p yillar yashagani sababli), u bu shaharni juda yaxshi bilardi.
Having fulfi lled the terms of the contract (= As we had fulfi lled the terms of the contract) we refused to admit the claim of the firm.
Shartnoma shartlarini bajarib (Shartnoma shartlarini bajarganligimiz sababli), biz fi rmaning
da‘vosini rad etdik.
3. Perfect Participle Active payt holi bo‘lib keladi va sifatdoshdagi ish harakat gapning kesimidagi ish-harakatdan oldin sodir bo‘lganini bildiradi va bunday iboralarni kesimi Perfect zamonda bo‘lgan payt ergash gaplar bilan almashtirish mumkin:
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