Maxsus ta’lim vazirligi nizomiy nomidagi Toshkent davlat pedagogika universiteti qoshidagi akademik litsey Nurmatov J. N, Kudratov K. X

EX 370 Translate into Uzbek and learn by heart.
Switching on and off

	lights	television, radio etc.	machines with motors	cars etc.	gas, water
turn on/off					
switch on/off			
put on		
start/				
stop			
You can turn/switch/put lights out. You usually start a car, but turn off the engine. This is done by switching on/off the IGNITION. Notice that open, shut and close are used for windows and doors but not for lights, radios, etc.

You can use devices such as switches and buttons to control machines. Here are the common verbs connected with them:

SWITCH
press	He pressed a switch but nothing happened.
push	Push the middle switch to turn on the lights.
BUTTON
press	Which button do I press to rewind the tape?
push	She pushed the button on the door and waited.
hit	Quick, hit the stop button!
KEY
press	Press the grey + key on the right of the keyboard.
hit	In order to continue, hit the PageDown key.
hold down	Hold down the shift key and press Q.
PLUG
push in	Push in the plug before turning on the power.
plug in	Plug in the answer machine to a phone socket.
pull out	Do not pull the plug out if the machine is on.
unplug	I unplug my phone whenever I have a bath.
KNOB, DIAL, CONTROL*
turn	Turn this knob to increase the volume.
turn to	Turn the dial to maximum.
turn up/down	I’m cold – turn the fire up a bit.
set to/at	Set the temperature control to 25^0C.
HANDLE, KNOB
turn	I turned the handle but the door was locked. Suddenly someone turned the doorknob.
TAP/FAUCET
turn	I can’t turn the tap, it’s too stiff.
turn on/off	Turn the tap off, the bath’s full.

EX 371 TRANSLATE THE TEXT

MORE HOSTAGES TAKEN AFTER RETURN OF PHILIPINO TRUCK DRIVER.

(AN EXTRACT FROM “THE NEW YORK TIMES” ARTICLE )
The hostage freed by Iraqi militants after the Philippine government withdrew its forces from Iraq arrived home Thursday, July 22, 2004, even as the U.S. ambassador flew to Washington for consultations. The ambassador, Francis Ricciardone, told reporters at his home that he hadn’t been recalled, although he conceded that the Philippino withdrawal from Iraq would have consequences. “I’m sure some people did look at that, and much else,” the Philippine Star quoted him as saying. “Naturally, things will have an impact on how we understand, how we anticipate, the Philippines may act in a similar situation in the future,” he said. “It’s worrisome. We really have to do some serious work together.”Donald Rumsfeld, the U.S. Defense Secretary, told reporters at the Pentagon that “weakness is provocative”. Rumsfeld had barely finished making his remarks when word came that seven more hostages had been taken in Iraq: three Indians, three Kenyans and an Egyptian. None of these countries have soldiers in Iraq although the Iraqi prime minister, Iyad Allawi, recently asked India and Egypt to contribute forces. The target in this case seems to be the reconstruction effort. The victims are all truck drivers working for a Kuwaiti company, and their captors threatened to behead one every 72 hours unless their employer shut down operations in Iraq. Foreigners working for companies employed by the American military have been frequent targets among the dozens of kidnappings in Iraq since April, when violence in Iraq rose sharply. On Monday, July 19, 2004, the Philippines finished withdrawing its 51 soldiers after the captors of the Philippino truck driver, Angelo de la Cruz, threatened to behead him unless the government removed its troops. Iraqi and American officials urged the Philippines not to bend to the captors’ demands, for fear of encouraging more kidnapping. Groups apparently emboldened by the Philippine withdrawal issued new threats to three other American allies, Japan, Poland and Bulgaria, to pull their soldiers out of Iraq or face attacks.

Writing

1. International terrorism is improving its ways of development. It must be forestalled and outstripped.

2. Write an essay about other steps that haven’t been taken yet and could be taken to counter global terrorism.

UZBEK LITERATURE

Uzbek land grew up a lot of prominent writers and poets. Their creative legacy occupies a merit place not only in the Eastern but in the world literature. One of the best- known Uzbek writers is Mukimiy. His creative work is variable with genres. He wrote poems, satire and humor, trips notes and letters in poem and prose forms. Abdulla Kadiriy is famous for his well-knownt novel Scorpio from the Alter where the last ruler of the Kokand Empire and difficult life of common people and their struggle against reactive forces were described. The Escapedes of Maysara by Hamza Hakimzoda Niyeziy has been a great success on the theatre scenes of Uzbekistan. Though it was written in 1926. The real events, which passed on by word of mouth and flourished from the legends of Uzbek people, were laid in the plot of this play. The main idea of the play is love between young woman and poor young man were married secretly thanks to Maysara. Hamid Alimdjan is the famous poet of Uzbek people, talented playwright, a great scientist, critic and public speaker. The lyrics Spring written in early period of his creative work impress us with sensitiveness and richness of imagination. His collections of poems Fire Hairs, The Death for Enemies, Competitions were published in 1931-1932 and admitted by all people.

work in pairs. talk about:

• 
  what works you have read by the mentioned Uzbek authors
  
• 
  if the book read by you is interesting
  
• 
  where the event takes place
  
• 
  what happened
  
• 
  if their content has value for broaden your knowledge in the history of Uzbek people
  

10. Look at the photos and say who they are? Ask questions to each other.

EX 374 Read the text and comprehend it in detail. Answer the questions.

POETRY OF BOBUR

Zahiriddin Muhamad Bobur (1483-1580) is one of the greatest writer of the Uzbek literature in XVI century. The special place among his works the well-known Bobur Name (The Book of Bobir) takes place. This work is one of the sources of the history of people, lived in the Central Asia before. It was translated into all eastern cultural languages beginning of XVI century. This book has been an encyclopedia for the historican, philologists, geographies, ethnographs. For a long time he had been unadmitted as Uzbek poet. In XV-XVI centuries he wrote his memoirs with simple but at the same time with special language, which was differed with its laconic form of narrating. Besides of that Bobur wrote a collection of poems, poetic works Commentaries, Parents' Tractates and The Letter from Bobur. He contributed studying the system of poem-writing, rhyme, music and art. Bobur modernized genre of gazel and rubai. His lyrics is the anthem of beauty and earthy human love. The most distinguished feature of his poetry is in that his poems connected with historical events. The great place in his poetry is the love to his country. He suffered from and deep worried about his native country because he had to leave for. He considered human being is being truthful, fair. In his opinion it's the main indicator of high morals.

1. 
   Who is this text about?
   
2. 
   What do you know about the author of poems?
   
3. 
   Do you like his poems? Why?
   
4. 
   Which poems do you like more? Why?
   
5. 
   What picture can you imagine while reading this text? Why?