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by
1
He managed to open the lid by a screwdriver.
He managed to open the lid with a screwdriver.
You do something
with
a tool, instrument, etc (NOT
by
): ‘He opened the envelope with a
chopstick.’ ‘You can’t eat spaghetti with a spoon.’
2
I am staying in a small town by Oxford.
I am staying in a small town near Oxford.
by
= next to or very close to something: ‘I’ve been sitting by the phone all morning waiting for her
to ring.’ ‘I’ll meet you on the corner, by the bank.’ When talking about the position of towns, cities,
countries etc, use
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