What are the AEs associated with unnecessary antibiotic treatment?
A likely outcome of a change in first-line management of patients with active TB, specifically those who receive antibiotic treatment inappropriate for the genotype (and resistance) of the TB bacillus causing their disease, is the AEs and reactions associated with their antibiotic therapy. A literature search was conducted to identify evidence regarding the safety of first-line antibiotic treatment in patients with active TB. The PICO criteria for identification of the literature can be seen in Table . Evidence was sought for the first-line drugs isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, myambutol and pyrazinamide. Due to the volume of articles identified, only the highest level of evidence is included here.
Three SRs were included (Forget & Menzies 2006; Frydenberg & Graham 2009; van der Werf et al. 2012). Study profiles for the three SRs can be found in Table in Appendix , and an overall summary of the body of evidence is presented in Table .
Table Body of evidence matrix for studies assessing the health impact of inappropriate antibiotic treatment
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