Paralytic shellfish poisons
Potentially toxic dinoflagellates responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning in Australian waters include Alexandrium (Gonyaulax) catenella (Port Phillip Bay, South Australia, New South Wales), Alexandrium minutum (Port River, South Australia; Western Australia; Shoalhaven, New South Wales), Alexandrium tamarense (presumed toxic strains in Port Phillip Bay), Gymnodinium catenatum (Tasmania, Victoria, South Australia, New South Wales) and Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum (potential for blooms in the Gulf of Carpentaria) (Hallegraeff 1991, Hallegraeff et al. 1991).
Bivalve molluscs are most at risk of accumulating toxic levels of paralytic shellfish poisons because of their ability to filter and accumulate particles suspended in the water column. Blue mussels, Mytilus edulis, can accumulate in excess of 20 000 µg saxitoxin/100 gram tissue (RaLonde 1996). There are about 20 toxins responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning, all of which are derivatives of saxitoxin. Shellfish species from the same affected area may accumulate different concentrations of toxin.
Dostları ilə paylaş: |
