Essays on islam

418 INDEX

Mutakallim, 283 Mu'takif, 364 Mutashabih, 75, 190-1 Mu'tasim, 199 Muttawakkil, 201, 219 Mu'tazilas, origin of, 195; dogmas of, 196; growing power of, 199; persecution of, 201; overthrow of, 202-3; rise of modern school of, 219-224, 226 NABI, 243 Nafl, 307 Nass, 72 Nawafil, 363 Nisab, 328-9 Nur-i-Muhammadi, 17, 110-1 PHILOSOPHY (Muslim), 282-291 Pir, 374 Power (Qudrat), 209 Prayer (see Salat) Predestination, 269; view, on, 269-272; Mu'tazila views of, 273-4; influence of, 276; Tradition on, 277 Primal Will, 163 Prophet, 238; rank of, 240; inspiration of, 242; sinlessness of, 244; sinfulness of, 245; miracle, of, 249 QABIH, 294 Qadam-i-Rasul, 361 Qadar, 206 Qadarians, 200, 270 Qari, 63, 384; symbols of, 399 Qira'at, 12, 64-5; of some Suras, 400-5 Qiyas, 42-11; illustrations of, 43 Qur'an, revelation of, 3; brought by Gabriel, 6; a miracle, 7; text of, 10; editions of, 11-12; influence of, 13; lost chapter of, 15; sources of, 16-17; inspiration of, 5, 57; revelation of, 59;

dialects of, 63; various reading, of, 64-5, 413; style of, 67; use (isti'mal) of words of, 75-7; letters of, 77; verses of, 78; chapters of, 79; divisions of, 81-2, 378; abrogation of verses of, 83-90; additions to, 90-92; eternal nature of, 91, 213-5; disputes as to nature of, 199-200; names of, 235; its attestation of previous scriptures, 236, 238; best time and place of reading of, 377; sijda verses of, 382; pronunciation of, 385; symbols for pauses in reading of, 385-390; other symbols of, 390; peculiar spelling of, 392-6 Qurratu'l-'Ain, 156-7 RAK'AT, 82 Raku', 81; marginal sign of, 391. Ramadan, 59; fasting in, 323; fast of, 363-7 Ramyu'l-jamr, 343 Rasmu'l-khatt, 392-6 Rauda khan, 374 Rawi, 64, 398 Resurrection, 253-8; events preceding, 253-4; events connected with, 254-60; signs of, 265 Ridwan, 233 Rikaz, 329 Roza, 186, 292, 323; degrees of obligation of, 323-5 Rushd, 286. SABIANS, 85 Sadaqa, 265 Sahari, 326 Sa'i, 341 Salat, 186, 292; ablutions preceding, 294-7; form of, 300-5; times of, 305; degrees of obligation of, 306-7; various occasions of, 308-322; fatwa on, 348-352 Sandal, 360 Sarih, 76

INDEX 419

Shafi'i, 33, 34, 35, 61 Shari'at, 40, 50 Shafa'at, 167; varieties of, 178 Shaikhis, 150; creed of, 151 Shaut, 339 Shi'ahs, origin of, 102-8; creed of, 112; divisions of, 113; differ from Sunnis, 118 Shirk, 177; kinds of, 177-180 Sifat, 187; varieties of, 193 Sifatians, 194, 204, 206 Sihahu's-Sitta, 25, 26 Sijda, 303, 381, 382-4 Sina, 284 Sin, 244 Sipara, 81 Sirat, 17, 260 Subh-i-Ezel (see Mirza Yahya) Sufiism, 122; principles of, 123-6; esoteric teaching of, 127; stages of, 129-130; end of, 131; aid to, 132; weakness of, 133 Suhufu'l-Anbiya', 235 Sultan (as Khalifa), 40, 119-121, 223 Sunnat, nature of, 18; importance of, 21, 101; how known, 25; present influence of, 316 Sultan, 96, 97 Sura, 79 TA'AWWUZ, 302 Taba'u't Tabi'in, 27, 69 Tabi'un, 27, 69 Tahrif, 237 Takbir, 82 Talbiya, 334 Tanzih, 193 Taqiya, 117 Tasbih, 302, 384 Tashahhud, 186, 292, 294 Tasmiya, 302

Tauhid, 142; kinds of, 186 Tawaf, 334, 338, 344 Ta'widh, 374 Tayammum, 298 Ta'ziya, 354, 356 Tilawat, 368 Tirmidhi, 96, 120, 194 Traditions, 19; nature of, 93; collections of, 95-7; classification of, 98-100; abrogation of, 100 'UMAR, 21, 24, 37, 85, 103 'Umar Khayyam, 139, 140; Ruba'iyat of, 141-9 'Umra, 334 'Urf, 40 'Urs, 360 'Ushari, 329 Usul, 190 'Uthman, 11, 23, 37, 103, 105 WADU', 295 Wahhabis, 40 Wahhabiism, origin of, 171-3; chiefs of, 173; decadence of, 175; in India, 175; basis of, 176; dogmas of, 177-180; idea of God, 180-1; result of, 182 Wahi, 56-7 Wajib, basis of, 293; duties of, 293 Wajibu'l-Wajud, 207 Wali, 376 Waqi'a Khan, 351 Wathiq, 197, 199 Witr, 306 ZAHIR, 72 Zaid, 11, 60 Zakat, 186, 292, 327; obligation of, 328 Zamzam, 339

LIST OF VERSES CITED FROM THE QUR’AN

Suratu'l-Baqarah ii Verse 1-4 7 15 19 20 21 28 29-37 32 33 40 59 80 81 91 95 96 109 113 119 130 139 153 179-181 180 181 192 203 245 254 256 285 285-6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Page 319 385 24 209 387 212 227 245 228 228 328 407 386 239 6 236 230 85 267 92, 339 237 86, 363 341 323 326 363 334, 336 76 407 239-40, 319 117, 208, 265 240 320

Suratu 'Al-i-'Imran iii Verse 2 6 24 30 52 68 72 78 79 90-1 102 106 120 129-30 152 153 159 160 167 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Page 237 319 381 263 241 249 235 238 240 85, 237,407 336 255 27 228 322 396 209 396 185 Suratu'n-Nisa' iv 11 81 90 94 97 102-3 104 156 158 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 267 275 279 77 90 314 317 240 265

LIST OF VERSES CITED FROM THE QUR’AN 421

Verse 162 169 .. .. Page 16 239 Suratu'l-Ma'idah v 5 8 9 16 18 38 42 47 48 51 52 56 59 69 92 96 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 80 294 298 238 111, 238 31 74 236 237 236 89, 238 21, 87, 389 31 77 186 335 Suratu'l-An'am vi 1 9 35 36 38 39 50 59 74 93 100 103 124 127 149 150 163 164 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 214 59 209 273, 389 31 273 58, 241 31, 209 186 227 17 209 377 266 275 273 373 280 Suratu'l-A'raf vii 7 - 8 10 - 24 20 22 38 .. .. .. .. .. 258 245 21 245 15

44 45 139 142 156 171 179 190 205 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 17, 261 261 198 58 15 273 208 249 382 Suratu'l-Anfal viii 11 20 40 .. .. .. 299 20 408 Suratu't-Taubah ix 5 25-6 29 30 38 40 42 47 60 73 103 120 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 88, 407 330 19 240, 377 407 312 396 396 88, 330 266 246 273 Suratu Yunus x 63 .. 243 Suratu'l-Hud xi 1 9 16 49 59 116 120 121 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 214 17 66, 212 245 85 245, 306 234 214 Suratu Yusuf xii 3 29 103 104 .. .. .. .. 214 246 214 61

422 LIST OF VERSES CITED FROM THE QUR’AN

Suratu'r-R'ad xiii Verse 12 16 39 .. .. .. .. Page 12 382 84 Suratu Ibrahim xiv 4 32 38 49 .. .. .. .. 209 209 186 254 Suratu'l-Hijr xv 18 26 27 44 .. .. .. .. 234 234 234 17, 267 Suratu'n-Nahl xvi 38 46 51 – 2 91 103 104 .. .. .. .. .. .. 272 69 382 31 83 6 Suratu Bani Isra'il xvii 1 14 24 46 53 62 63 73 81 83 90 92 – 5 107 109 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 17, 252 257 77 17 255 252 228 257 264 113 112 249 67 382 Suratu'l Kahf xviii 23 28 48 105 .. .. .. .. 396 274 228 258

Suratu Maryam xix Verse 36 45 59 68 72 72 – 3 107 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Page 240 383 255 267 260 266 Suratu Ta Ha xx 75 115 119 130 .. .. .. .. 321 228 377 88, 306 Suratu'l-Anbiya' xxi 19 – 20 35 91 104 105 .. .. .. .. .. 227 264 239 229 15 Suratu'l-Hajj xxii 19 27 28 – 31 30 34 – 37 40 73 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 383 338 332 324 368 414 210 Suratu'l-Muninun xxiii 7 – 8 14 21 33 36 57 99 – 100 102 104 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 265 151 20 22 22 22 379 262 258 Suratu'l-Furqan xxv 5 – 6 16 34 .. .. .. 17 266 67