General Principles

Identification of a colliding aircraft is confounded by;

• Constant relative bearing.
• Unique characteristic.
• Periphery of retina detects sensitive to movement.
• Non-linear increase in retinal size.
• Retinal image doubles with each halving of closure distance.
• Uneven visual acuity across the retina.
• Maximal acuity at the fovea.
• Detection only if pilot is looking directly at it.
• Implications for visual scanning to acquire proximal image on the fovea.

Bottom-up (information from our senses) and top-down (expectations and experiences) processes affect the way we perceive the world.

• Bottom-up (information from our senses) and top-down (expectations and experiences) processes affect the way we perceive the world.

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