Yallow and Berson found high serum insulin in type diabetes, thus insulin resistance : common underlying biochemical abnormality

3 Mitochondrial dysfunction (Lee HK et al, 2006)

Environmental chemicals (Baillie-Hamilton PF, 2002) and POPs (Lee DH et al, 2006)

As genes did not change, something in the environment should have caused it

• As genes did not change, something in the environment should have caused it

• Causative agent(s) should be not infectious

• Introduced by industrialization/ westernization/ coca-cola-rization?

• Diabetogenic drug, streptozotocin damaged cell as NO donor

• Mitochondrion is most vulnerable target of free radicals

mtDNA 0.41 +/- 0.06 (n = 12) pmol of 8-OHdG per ug

• mtDNA 0.41 +/- 0.06 (n = 12) pmol of 8-OHdG per ug

• nDNA 0.025+/- 0.004 (n = 4)

• 16 times lower level of 8-OHdG in nuclear DNA

•