Multi-combination theory course

WARNING SIGNS FOR COMBINATIONS OVER 22 METRES LONG

1. 
   The following vehicles must display road train warning signs complying with this section and also the items specified under the heading “Specifications for warning signs”:
   

1. 
   a combination over 36.5 metres long
   

2. 
   a road train over 30 metres, but not over 36.5 metres long, that includes 1 or more dog trailers.
   

2. 
   The following vehicles must display road train warning signs, or a long vehicle warning sign, complying with this section and also the items specified under the heading “Specifications for warning signs”:
   

1. 
   a road train over 22metres, but not over 30 metres long, that includes 1 or more dog trailers;
   
2. 
   a road train over 22 metres, but not over 36.5 metres long, that does not include a dog trailer.
   

3. 
   Another combination over 22 metres, but not over 36.5 metres long, must display a long vehicle warning sign complying with item 5 “Specifications for warning signs”.
   

3. 
   Road Train warning signs must be used in pairs and fitted horizontally, one at the front and the other at the rear of the combination.
   

3. 
   A long vehicle warning sign must be fitted horizontally at the rear of the combination.
   

WARNING SIGNS NOT TO BE DISPLAYED ON A VEHICLE
A road train or long vehicle warning signs not to be displayed on a vehicle unless the vehicle is part of a combination or road train mentioned in items 1, 2 and 3 on the previous page. Both signs must be covered when not part of the combination.

SPECIFICATIONS FOR WARNING SIGNS

1. 
   A road train or long vehicle warning sign must be manufactured in 1 or 2 parts from sheet steel 0.8 millimetres thick or another material of at least the same stiffness, unless it is designed to be fixed to the vehicle using an adhesive.
   

2. 
   The warning sign must be at least 1.02 metres wide and at least 250 millimetres high.
   

SPECIFICATIONS FOR WARNING SIGNS (continued)

3. 
   A road train warning sign must display the words “road train”, and a long vehicle warning sign must display the words “long vehicle’, in black capital letters at least 180 millimetres high in typeface Series B (N) that complies with the Australian Standards AS 1744 Forms of Letters and Numerals for Road Signs.
   

4. 
   If the warning sign is in two parts, one word of the expression ”road train” or “long vehicle” must be on one part and the other word of expression must be on the other part.
   

5. 
   The warning sign must display the sign manufacture’s name or logo, and the brand and class of the retro-reflective material used, in block letters not over 10 millimetres high.
   

5. 
   The warning sign must have a black border
   

5. 
   The warning sign must be coated with yellow retro- reflective material of class 1 and 2 that meet Australian Standard AS 1906 Reto-reflective Materials and devices for Road Traffic Control Purposes.
   

THE WARNING SIGN MUST BE FITTED SO:

1. 
   No part of the sign is:
   

1. 
   Over 1.8 metres above ground level; or
   
2. 
   Under 500 millimetres above ground level; and
   

2. 
   If the sign is in 2 parts — the parts are fitted at the same height above ground level.
   

B-DOUBLE VEHICLES

SPECIAL CONDITIONS

The document titled ”Operation of Medium Combination Vehicles in South Australia” or a copy must be carried by the driver at all times when operating under the terms and conditions of the gazette notice. The document titled above must be produced when requested by an inspector appointed under the Road Traffic Act, or a Police Officer.

DIMENSION LIMITS

Medium Combination Vehicles shall comply with the following dimensional requirements:

• 
  Maximum width 2.5 metres
  

• 
  Maximum Length 25.0 metres
  

23.0 metres applies to some designated routes

• 
  Maximum Heights 4.3 metres general freight
  

4.6 metres for the transport of motor vehicles and livestock

TRANSPORT OF MOTOR VEHICLES

The following conditions apply

1. 
   This concession only applies to B-Double, Stringer Car Carriers, Road Train, and
   
2. 
   The load consists solely of motor vehicles, and
   
3. 
   The height of the vehicle including motor vehicles carried on the vehicle does not exceed 4.6 metres, and
   
4. 
   The vehicle is constructed as a multiple deck vehicle transporter and does not exceed a constructed height of 4.3 metres, and
   
5. 
   No vehicles are loaded on the upper deck unless each deck below is fully loaded.
   

The provisions of section 142 of the Act (maximum height of 4.3) will apply if any goods other than motor vehicles are carried.

TRANSPORT OF LIVESTOCK

For the purpose of this concession “livestock” means live animals commonly known as cattle, pigs, sheep and goats.

The following conditions apply:

1. 
   This concession only applies to B-Doubles and Road Trains built for the purpose of transporting livestock.
   
2. 
   Vehicles carrying livestock:
   

1. 
   The height of the vehicle and load does not exceed 4.6 metres, and
   
2. 
   The load consists solely of livestock, and
   

TRANSPORT OF LIVESTOCK (continued)

3. 
   The prime mover has a tandem axle group towards the rear, and
   
4. 
   One of the semi-trailers has a tri axle group toward the rear and the other a tandem or tri axle group toward the rear, and
   
5. 
   No animals are loaded on the upper deck unless each deck below is fully loaded, and
   

If any deck on the vehicle is not fully loaded, the animals must be confined in a full width compartment which is fully loaded.

Or

3. 
   Vehicles travelling unladen:
   

1. 
   The height of the vehicle does not exceed 4.6 metres, and
   
2. 
   No load is carried.
   

Or

4. 
   Vehicles designed to carry livestock and are carrying freight other than livestock:
   

1. 
   The height of the vehicle does not exceed 4.6 metres
   
2. 
   Where the load consists of freight other than livestock, the load height does not exceed 4.3 metres, and
   
3. 
   One of the semi- trailers has a tri axle group towards the rear.
   

TRANSPORT OF BALED WOOL

Baled wool may be carried subject to the following conditions:

1. 
   The baled wool shall not be loaded more than four layers high.
   
2. 
   The maximum overall vehicle height including the baled wool shall not exceed 4.6 metres.
   
3. 
   The overall width of all axles or axle groups of the vehicle carrying the load, excluding the front axle or axle group, when measured between two vertical parallel planes located at the outer extremities of the tyres, shall not be less than 2.1 metres.
   
4. 
   Baled wool carried on the vehicle shall be secured in accordance with the guidelines detailed in the ‘Load Restraint Guide’ published by the Federal Office of Road Safety and the national Road Transport Commission.
   

Hauliers operating under the provisions of this notice should be aware that some bridges, signs, overhead wires, trees and signals may not provide sufficient clearance for the passage of 4.6 metre high vehicles.

OPERATING REQUIREMENTS

B-DOUBLES

1. 
   B-Doubles can operate up to 62.5 tonnes Gross Combination Mass subject to compliance with all other requirements.
   
2. 
   The gross combination mass rating for a B-Double operating under this scheme (Comment: which scheme is this?) shall be 59 tonnes or greater.
   
3. 
   B-Doubles shall not exceed a speed of 100km/h or any posted speed limit whichever is the lesser.
   
4. 
   Where a medium combination vehicle is carrying dangerous goods on the Mount Barker Road the vehicle shall be fitted with an approved anti-lock brake system in accordance with the Transport SA’s technical specifications. Refer to Permit Information Bulletin titled “B-Double Anti-Lock Brake System”.
   

STRINGER CAR CARRIERS

1. 
   Stinger Car Carriers can operate up to 42.5 tonnes gross combination mass subject to compliance with all other requirements.
   
2. 
   Stinger Car Carriers shall not exceed a speed of 100km/h or any posted speed limit whichever is the lesser.
   

RIGID TRUCK AND DOG TRAILERS

1. 
   Rigid truck and dog trailer combinations can operate up to 59.0 tonnes gross combination mass subject to compliance with all other requirements.
   
2. 
   Rigid truck and dog trailer combinations shall not exceed 100Kp/h or any posted speed limit whichever is the lesser.
   

ROUTE DETAILS

Travel is permitted on roads in South Australia except for the bridge structures listed in the current version of the SA Government Gazette.

INSPECTION AND LABELLING

All vehicles shall have successfully completed a specification and roadworthy examination in accordance with all relevant requirements of the B-Double Specification and Inspection Manual and in the case of Road Train, the Road Train Specification and Inspection Manual.

To signify approval to operate under this scheme all vehicles shall display the appropriate inspection label applicable to the configuration whereby the current month and year has not passed the month and year punched out on the inspection label.

The label shall be maintained in a clean and legible condition at all times for sighting upon request by a Police Officer or an inspector appointed under the Road Traffic Act.

INSPECTION AND LABELLING (continued)

Please note that TruckSafe will not be recognised as a maintenance management scheme by Transport SA as of 8 July 2004. Accordingly, any vehicles displaying only TruckSafe labels will no longer be able to access regulatory concessions, for which NHVAS (National Heavy Vehicle Accreditation Scheme) maintenance management membership is now required.

Other States and Territories may not recognise TruckSafe as a maintenance management scheme as of 1 July 2004 and therefore operators travelling interstate are advised to check with relevant State and Territory Road Transport Agencies to determine if TruckSafe labels enable operators to access regulatory concessions.

Note: Road Train operators wishing to operate Road Train vehicles in South Australia are required to carry the Primary Gazette Notice titled ‘Operation of Road Train Vehicles in South Australia’, dated 26 June 2003, but are not required to carry the ‘Supplementary Road Train Gazette Notice’ published in the South Australian Government Gazette 1 July 2004.

MUDGUARDS AND SPRAY SUPPRESSION

1. 
   A vehicle must have firmly fitted:
   

1. 
   A mudguard for each wheel or for adjacent wheels; and
   
2. 
   For each axle group and single axle on a vehicle that is part of a B-double suppression devices complying with Part 1 and 2 of the British Standards AU200-1984 Spray Reducing Devises for heavy Vehicle.
   

2. 
   However, sub rule 1 (a) does not apply to a vehicle if:
   

1. 
   The construction or use of the vehicle makes the fitting of mudguards unnecessary or impracticable and the vehicle is not driven or towed at a speed greater than 40 kilometres an hour; or
   
2. 
   The body or part of body of the vehicle acts as a mudguard.
   

Example of vehicles to which sub rule 2 (a) applies

1. 
   Timber jinkers.
   
2. 
   Most road-making plant.
   
3. 
   Some agricultural equipment.
   

MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

Entry into or exit from private property or depot driveway is permitted in accordance with the diagrams shown under the heading “Driveway/Depot Entry Exit Rules” recorded in the document titled “Operation of Medium Combination Vehicles in South Australia".

Where turning manoeuvres into or out of depots cannot be undertaken safely, the driver shall not use the driveway or depot entrance until such time as the entrances have been made suitable for medium combination vehicles.

Medium Combination Vehicles must be driven forwards when entering or exiting roadways and depots (No Reversing).

ROAD TRAIN VEHICLES

SPECIAL CONDITIONS

The document titled ”Operation of Road Train Vehicles in South Australia” or a copy must be carried by the driver at all times when operating under the terms and conditions of the gazette notice. The document titled above must be produced when requested by an inspector appointed under the Road Traffic Act, or a Police Officer.

DIMENSION LIMITS

Road Train Vehicles shall comply with the following dimensional requirements:

• 
  Maximum width 2.5 metres
  

• 
  Maximum length
  

• 
  Short double Road Train 32.0 metres
  

• 
  Double Road Train 36.5 metres
  

• 
  Triple Road Train 53.5 metres
  

SEMI-TRAILER INTERNAL DIMENSIONS

• 
  The distance from the point of articulation
  

(king pin) to the rear end of the semi-trailer

shall not exceed 12.3 metres

• 
  The distance from the point of articulation
  

(king pin) of the semi-trailer to the line from

which the rear overhang is measured

(centre of the axle group) shall not exceed 9.5 metres

• 
  The forward projection from the point of
  

articulation (king pin) of the semi-trailer unit

shall be continued within a radius of 1.9 metres

LENGTH OF DRAWBAR

The length of the drawbar shall be greater than 3.0 metres but less than 5.0 metres.

REAR OVERHANG

1. 
   Except as provided in sub-section (b) of this section, the rear overhang of any motor vehicle, trailer or combination shall not exceed 3.2 metres
   
2. 
   The rear overhang of a rigid motor vehicle having a length greater than 9.5 metres shall not exceed 3.7 metres.
   

REAR OVERHANG (continued)

3. 
   Further to sub-section (a) of this section, the rear overhang of a rigid motor vehicle or trailer with a trailer with a single or tandem axle group at the front shall not exceed 60 percent of the distance from the centreline of the front axle or axle group to the line from which the rear overhang is measured.
   
4. 
   Further to sub-section (a) of this section, the rear overhang of a seme-trailer shall not exceed 50 percent of the distance from the line from which the rear overhang of the prime mover is measured to the line from which the rear overhang of the semi-trailer is measured.
   

TOW COUPLING OVERHANG

The tow coupling shall not exceed:

1. 
   In the case of a trailer, 30 percent of the distance from the centre of the front axle or axle group to the line from which the rear overhang is measured;
   
2. 
   In the case of a semi-trailer, 30 percent of the distance from the point of articulation to the line from which the rear overhang is measured; or
   
3. 
   In the case of a rigid motor vehicle, 30 percent of the distance from the centre of the front axle to the line from which the rear overhang is measured
   

LOCATION OF TOWING POINT

Except on a rigid motor vehicle, the horizontal distance from the rearmost point of a vehicle, trailer or semi-trailer to the towing pivot shall not exceed 300 mm.

DRAWBAR ANGLE

The tow coupling mounting position and draw bar configuration shall be such that the longitudinal axis of the drawbar, or in the case of a hinged drawbar that portion between the tow coupling and the hinge, is within (5) degrees of horizontal when the assembled laden Road Train is standing on a level surface.

COMPARATIVE LENGTH OF TRAILERS

All trailers used in a Road Train shall be of approximately the same length and trailers differing in length by more than 3.0 metres shall not be used in the same Road Train.

VEHICLE MASS

Maximum Gross Combination Mass for:

Double Road Trains 79.0 tonnes

Triple Road Trains 115.5 tonnes

OPERATING REQUIREMENTS OF A ROAD TRAIN

TRACKING

All units incorporated in a Road Train travelling on a level, smooth surface shall track in the path of the hauling unit without shifting or swerving more than 100mm either side of the path of the hauling unit when travelling in a straight line.

SPEED

Road Trains shall not exceed 90Km/h or any posted speed limit whichever is the lesser

SPEED RESTRICTIONS

Road Trains shall not exceed a maximum speed of:

1. 
   40 Km/h within the 60Km/h zone posted in Port Augusta.
   
2. 
   40 Km/h when travelling through the township of Peterborough.
   
3. 
   40 Km/h within the 60Km/h zone posted in Whyalla
   

LIGHTING

The headlights of the Prime Mover are to be alight at all times when part of a Road Train combination.

FOR TRAVEL ON APPROVED ROUTE

1. 
   All South Australian and Victorian registered vehicle units in a Road Train (prime movers, converter dollies and semi-trailers) shall be inspected and display a current inspection label as detailed in the document ‘Operation of Road Train Vehicles in South Australia’, Edition 1, issued by Transport SA, or be under a Maintenance Management Scheme and display a label that identifies scheme membership.
   
2. 
   Vehicles registered in New South Wales, Queensland, Western Australia and the Australian Capital Territory are not required to display South Australian labels or undergo inspections which are additional to those required in their home states.
   
3. 
   Vehicles registered in the Northern Territory are required to display either South Australian inspection labels or Northern Territory Inspection and rating labels or be accredited under a Maintenance Management Scheme and display a label that identifies scheme membership.
   

VEHICLE MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT ACCREDITATION

1. 
   For travel between Port Augusta West, on National Highway 1 and northern Adelaide on the route and to the depots described the South Australian Government Gazette (SAGG), Notice 1449 in the maps Route Network for Road Train Vehicles in SA. All vehicle units in a Double Road Train (prime movers, converter dollies and semi-trailers) are required to be accredited under a Maintenance Management Scheme and display a label that identifies scheme membership.
   

Please note that TruckSafe will not be recognised as a maintenance management scheme by Transport SA as of 8 July 2004. Accordingly, any vehicles displaying only TruckSafe labels will no longer be able to access regulatory concessions, for which NHVAS (National Heavy Vehicle Accreditation Scheme) maintenance management membership is now required.

Other States and Territories may not recognise TruckSafe as a maintenance management scheme as of 1 July 2004 and therefore operators travelling interstate are advised to check with relevant State and Territory Road Transport Agencies to determine if TruckSafe labels enable operators to access regulatory concessions.

Note: Road Train operators wishing to operate Road Train vehicles in South Australia are required to carry the Primary Gazette Notice titled ‘Operation of Road Train Vehicles in South Australia’, dated 26 June 2003, but are not required to carry the ‘Supplementary Road Train Gazette Notice’ published in the South Australian Government Gazette 1 July 2004.

DRIVER HEALTH

1. 
   All Road Train drivers when operating under this approval and exemption on the routes described in the South Australian Government Gazette (SAGG), Notice 1449 shall carry a recognised medical certificate or legible copy which certifies that the driver has passed a medical examination in accordance with the document titled ‘Medical Examination of Commercial Vehicle Drivers (revised version 1997)’
   
2. 
   The certificate is valid subject to there being no significant changes in medical condition for a period not exceeding 3 years for drivers up to the age of 49 and annually thereafter.
   

TRANSPORT OF INDIVISIBLE ITEMS

For the purpose of this exemption an ‘Indivisible Item’ shall be an item which cannot without disproportionate effort, expense or risk of damage, be divided into two or more items for road transport

Indivisible items may be carried on a Road Train subject to the following:

1. 
   Travel is only permitted between Port Augusta West and the SA/NT border via Woomera Road, Madland Street, Stuart Highway and from the Stuart Highway to Olympic Dam mine via the Pimba/Olympic Dam Road and Olympic Way.
   
2. 
   The maximum width of an item carried on a Triple Road Train shall not exceed 3.1 metres.
   
3. 
   The maximum width of an item carried on a Double Road Train shall not exceed 3.5 metres
   
4. 
   The overall height of the vehicle and load shall not exceed 4.6 metres.
   
5. 
   If the load consists of transportable building the overall height of the vehicle and transportable building shall not exceed 4.85 metres.
   
6. 
   Travel is only permitted between the hours of sunrise and sunset as specified in the Proof of Sunrise and Sunset Act 1923, as amended, and published in the South Australian Gazette.
   
7. 
   The Road Train shall display an ‘OVERSIZE’ sign at the front and rear of the vehicle combination in addition to the normally required ‘ROAD TRAIN’ signs.
   
8. 
   The specification of the ‘OVERSIZE’ sign shall be in accordance with the specifications detailed in the document titled ‘OVER DIMENSIONAL AND EXCESS MASS PERMIT GUIDELINES’ dated July 1995.
   
9. 
   The wider part of any load shall always be carried on the forward trailer if the road train is carrying loads of varying widths.
   
10. 
    The rear vision mirrors fitted to the prime mover shall be extended sufficiently to ensure that the driver has a clear reflected view of traffic to the sides and rear of the road train.
    

ROUTES

Road Trains operating in accordance with this notice shall operate only on the approved routes specified in the maps Route Network for Road Train Vehicles in SA.

ROUTE RESTRICTIONS

• 
  All right turn manoeuvres across National Highway 1 are prohibited except where allowed by notice in the SA Government Gazette or by individual permit.
  
• 
  Road Trains are not permitted to assemble disassemble along the route, or enter or exit depots, roadways parking bays service stations or otherwise deviate from the route unless allowed in the SA Government Gazette or under individually issued permit.
  
• 
  Road Trains may only turn left to stop in parking bays showing a ‘Truck Parking Area’ sign for rest purposes or vehicle checks but not for assembly or disassembly purposes. The sign shall comply with Australian Standard AS 1742.6 service symbol sign S13. The signs displays a white ‘P’ and symbolic articulated vehicle on a blue background.
  
• 
  Access into depots, which abut the Double Road Train route detailed in the appropriate SA Government Gazette, is permitted provided the operator/driver has the approval of the land owner or tenant.
  

TIMES OF TRAVEL

Permits for the movement of over-dimensional vehicles and loads may be issued for travel on any day including weekends and public holidays between sunrise and sunset, except for the following circumstances:

GENERAL RESTRICTIONS

1. 
   Movement of large loads will be restricted to specific days and times of travel to reduce traffic disruption to a minimum and to avoid conflict with other permit loads on the same route.
   
2. 
   The movement of very large loads will be restricted to Sunday morning or at times of low traffic density such as at night in the metropolitan area and to specific days and times as determined by Transport SA from the traffic data for travel in all other areas.
   
3. 
   Travel times may be restricted on weekdays, weekends or holidays due to special events.
   
4. 
   Travel will not be permitted during periods of low visibility as defined in the Road Traffic Act.
   

ALL VEHICLE /LOADS (EXCEPT CARRIER MOUNTED MOBILE CRANES)

Travel will not be permitted between the hours of 7.00am and 9.00am or 4.00pm and 6.00pm Monday to Friday inclusive. (Travel may be permitted during these hours on public holidays.)

Travel will not be allowed within the Adelaide City Council Area except as follows:

1. 
   For loads/vehicles which do not require a pilot or Police escort travel will be permitted during the following times:
   

Monday – Friday sunrise to 7am

9am to 4pm

6pm to sunset except on days of late night trading

Saturday, Sunday

And Public Holidays sunrise to 4pm

2. 
   For loads/vehicles which require a pilot or Police escort travel will be permitted during the following times:
   

Monday – Friday sunrise to 7am

6pm to sunset except on days of late night trading

Saturday, Sunday

And Public Holidays sunrise to 4pm

Travel may be permitted outside these hours with prior written approval of the Adelaide City Council.

DEFINITIONS
A HEAVY TRUCK IS:

• 
  A motor vehicle (except a bus or tram) with a GVM over 12 tonnes; or
  
• 
  A motor vehicle (except a bus or tram) forming part of a combination if the total GVM of the combination is over 12 tonnes.
  

A COMMERCIAL BUS IS:

• 
  A motor vehicle built mainly to carry people that will seat over 12 adults (including the driver).
  

ARTICULATED BUS

• 
  A bus with at least 2 rigid sections that allow passengers access between the sections and are connected to allow rotary movement between the sections.
  

CONTROLLED ACCESS BUS

• 
  A bus, except an articulated bus, over 12.5 metres long.
  

COMPLYING BUS

• 
  A bus with two or three axles and a single steer axle that:
  

a) is not fitted with a compliance plate in accordance with the Motor Vehicle Standards Act 1989 of the Commonwealth, as in force from time to time; or

b) is fitted with a compliance plate in accordance with the Act but the compliance indicates that the bus was manufactured before 1 July 1994.

• 
  The Registrar of Motor Vehicles may declare that a bus equipped with an approved air suspension system is a complying bus for these regulations if the Registrar is satisfied the bus meets:
  

a) the emergency exit specifications in ADR 44; and

b) the rollover strength specifications in ADR 59; and

c) the occupant protection specifications ADR 68.

DEFINITIONS (continued)
CONVERTER DOLLY

A “converter dolly” means a trailer with one tandem axle group or single axle and a fifth wheel coupling designed to convert a semi-trailer into a dog trailer.

Typical converter dolly

DOG TRAILER

A “dog trailer” means a trailer (including a trailer consisting of a semi-trailer and a converter dolly) with:

1. 
   one axle group or single axle at the front that is steered by connection to the towing vehicle by a drawbar; and
   
   
   
2. 
   one axle group or single axle at the rear.
   

Typical dog trailer
DRIVER’S BASE
The driver’s base is the reference point for the 100km radius and is the place from which the driver normally works and receives instruction. If no address is written on the Driver base and record storage page, the Driver’s Base will be taken as the garaged address of the vehicle.
“TWO-UP DRIVING ARRANGEMENTS” means an arrangement under which 2 drivers share the driving of:

• 
  A heavy vehicle with a sleeper berth complying with ADR 42; or
  
• 
  A commercial bus with an approved sleeper berth.
  

DEFINITIONS (continued)

TWO-UP DRIVING

Two-up driving is the time spent by a two-up driver driving a commercial bus or a heavy vehicle. A driver is a two-up driver if:

• 
  He or she shares with another person the driving of a commercial bus or a heavy vehicle; and
  

• 
  He or she travels as a passenger on a commercial bus or the heavy vehicle while another person is driving the commercial bus or a heavy truck.
  

WORKING

Working is the time spent driving a commercial bus or a heavy vehicle and is counted in 15 minute intervals from the time zone of the driver’s base. Work is always rounded upwards – for example, a period less than 15 minutes is counted as 15 minutes and a period of between 15 and 30 minutes is counted as 30 minutes. It includes:

• 
  Loading, unloading or queuing in a commercial bus or a heavy vehicle; or
  
• 
  Inspecting, servicing or repairing a commercial bus or a heavy vehicle, inspecting or attending to the load (other than passengers) on a commercial bus or heavy vehicle, or attending to passengers on a commercial bus; or
  
• 
  Cleaning or refuelling a commercial bus or a heavy vehicle; or
  
• 
  Performing marketing tasks in relation to the operation of a commercial bus or a heavy vehicle; or
  
• 
  Helping with, or supervising, an activity mentioned above; or
  
• 
  Recording information or completing a document in accordance with the regulations or in relation to the operation of a commercial bus or heavy vehicle.
  

REST

Rest is a continuous period of time of at least 15 minutes where a driver is not working. Rest is always rounded downwards – for example, a period less than 15 minutes does not count towards rest while a period of between 15 and 30 minutes is counted as 15 minutes rest.

• 
  Rest periods of 5 hours or more must be taken away from the commercial bus or heavy vehicle unless the commercial bus or heavy vehicle is fitted with an approved sleeper berth (two-up driving).
  

• 
  Stationary rest periods must be taken away from the commercial bus or heavy vehicle or in an approved sleeper berth of a stationary regulated vehicle.
  
• 
  Under standard hours solo driving, a 30 minute rest break can be taken as 2x15 minute rest breaks, but 7 hour and 24 hour rest breaks must be taken as a continuous rest break.
  

TIME ZONE

Under Standard Hours, your driver base or registered address of the vehicle is the time zone in which you work under for the entire trip.

THE NATIONAL DRIVER WORK DIARY

INTRODUCTION
On the 29^th September 2008, nationally consistent laws were introduced into South Australia to regulate the hours that a driver of heavy trucks and commercial buses can spend working and resting, and the records that must be kept.
These new laws promote positive fatigue management systems to ensure the safety of drivers and other road users. They apply to everyone in the supply chain – not just drivers - to ensure safe driving practices. It is an offence for an employer or consignor to roster, or require a driver to carry out duties that could cause the driver to commit a driving hours or speeding offence.
A Work Diary is required to be carried and completed by drivers of heavy truck and commercial bus if they are on a journey that will take them outside a radius of 100kms from the driver’s base. Refer to page 32 for the definitions of heavy truck and commercial bus.
OBTAINING A WORK DIARY
A driver who wishes to be issued with a work diary (including a replacement work diary) must apply in person using the application form provided.
If the application is for the replacement of an existing work diary, the driver must return the existing work diary with the application, unless that work diary has been destroyed, lost or stolen. Any unused pages in the existing work diary must be cancelled on the issue of a new work diary.
If the existing work diary has been destroyed, lost or stolen the driver must outline the circumstances of the destruction, loss or theft in writing to the relevant road authority within 2 business days. The driver has a maximum of 7 business days before he or she must get a new work diary.
A driver is required to show his/her current driver’s licence and pay an appropriate fee for a work diary and must not have in his/her possession more than one work diary in which information can be recorded on a daily sheet.
Work diaries may be obtained from all Service SA Customer Service Centres and at some Police Stations.

DRIVERS DAILY SHEET

• 
  The work diary must be used and carried at all times if the driver is working.
  
• 
  Drivers must always keep a work diary in their vehicle that contains current records of work and rest time within the last 28 day period.
  
• 
  Drivers must record all the required information (as specified in the work diary instructions) in their work diary on a daily basis.
  
• 
  Drivers must continue to record the information until their next major rest break (5 hours continuous rest or more)
  

DRIVING RECORDS AND WORK DIARIES
Under the Standard Hours option a driver must take 4 nights rest including one pair of consecutive nights rest in any 14 day period. For example, in a 14 day period, a driver would be able to work up to 6 night shifts (between the hours of midnight to 6am) in 1 week and 4 night shifts the following week.
HOURS OF DRIVING


DRIVING RECORDS AND WORK DIARIES (continued)
DRIVING RECORDS TO BE KEPT
Your Base location and / or vehicle Garaged Address is the nominated Time zone.
When driving a regulated vehicle the driver must keep in the vehicle a Work Diary (WD) containing info for last 28 days including:

• 
  Record location;
  
• 
  Day of the week and date;
  
• 
  Name;
  
• 
  Licence number/jurisdiction; state of issue
  
• 
  Type of hours – Standard, BFM or AFM;
  
• 
  Nature of rest/period/time/place of rest change; plus more.
  

• 
  If a driver has nearly filled up his or her work diary, a new one can be obtained by applying in person to the relevant road authority. The road authority will cancel the unused pages. If a work diary is lost, stolen, destroyed – or filled up before the driver can get a new work diary – he or she must report this in writing to the relevant road authority within 2 business days. The driver has a maximum of 7 business days before he or she must get a new work diary.
  
• 
  Until the driver is issued with a new work diary, he or she must continue to record all work and rest time in a supplementary record. This record must contain the same information that would be required in his or her work diary.
  
• 
  A work diary must contain a record of the driver’s work/rest history as required under the legislation.
  
• 
  The written work diary contains similar information to the existing logbook and is issued by a road authority.
  
• 
  Drivers must complete daily sheets to record their work/rest history.
  
• 
  Employers will be obliged to request and actively pursue the provision of copies of drivers’ work diaries.
  
• 
  Drivers must record the required information on a separate daily sheet in a current work diary.
  
• 
  Ensure adequate pressure is applied to ensure a readable record of the driver’s information appears on duplicate sheets.
  
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  Each page in the written work diary has three copies. The driver must give the first copy (marked record keeper) to the person he or she is currently working for as soon as possible or within 21 days of the date recorded on the daily sheet.
  
• 
  The record keeper must keep copies of the work diary sheets for 3 years.
  
• 
  Employers, prime contractors, operators and schedulers need to ensure driver compliance with record keeping requirements;
  
• 
  False work records – Penalty up to $10,000 court imposed; and
  
• 
  Electronic Work Diaries accepted.
  

Driving records made by employed drivers—non-local work

An employed driver must give a copy of the driver’s driving record for non-local work for each day’s activity to the driver’s employer (or, if the driver has two or more employers on the same day, a copy of the records must be sent to each employer).

1. 
   Within 21 days after that day.
   

Driving records for non-local area work to be kept

1. 
   An employer must keep the copy of a driver’s driving records given to the employer for the driver’s non-local area work for each day’s activity for 3 years after that day at a place where the employer manages the employment of the driver.
   
   
   
2. 
   A self-employed driver must keep the driver’s driving records for non-local area work for each day’s activity for 3 years after that day at the driver’s base.
   

Local area records to be kept

1. 
   An employer must keep local area management records made in relation to the driver for each day’s activity for 3 years after that day at the place where the employer manages the employment of the driver.
   
   
   
2. 
   A self-employed driver must keep the driver’s local area management records for each day’s activity for 3 years after that day at the driver’s base.
   

HIGHER MASS LIMITS FOR VEHICLES

FITTED WITH ROAD FRIENDLY

SUSPENSION