National Latin Exam

Common Vocabulary

Below is a list of vocabulary words that other textbooks introduce in the first year of Latin. You might encounter some of these words on the exam.

Nouns
aedificium, aedificiī, N: building

ager, agrī, M: field

amicitia, amicitiae, F: friendship

annus, annī, M: year

aquila, aquilae, F: eagle

audacia, audaciae, F: boldness

arma, armae, N, Pl.: weapons

auriga, aurigae, M: charioteer

auxilium, auxiliī, N: help

bellum, bellī, N: war

beneficium, beneficiī, N: kindness

caelum, caelī, N: sky

campus, campī, M: field, plain

captīvus, captīvī, M: captive, prisoner

carrus, carrī, M: cart, wagon

casa, casae, F: hut, small house

caupōna, caupōnae, F: inn

causa, causae, F: cause, reason

colonia, coloniae, F: colony

concordia, concoridae, F: harmony

consilium, consiliī, N: plan, idea

copia, copiae, F: abundance, supply

cura, curae, F: care

dea, deae, F: goddess

deus, deī, M: god

diligentia, diligentiae, F: diligence, care

disciplīna, disciplīnae, F: instruction, training

dōnum, dōnī, N: gift, present

epistula, epistulae, F: letter

factum, factī, N: deed

fama, famae, F: report

forma, formae, F: shape

fortūna, fortūnae, F: fortune, luck

fossa, fossae, F: ditch, trench

frumentum, frumentī, N: grain

fuga, fugae, F: flight

gaudeum, gaudeī, N: joy

gloria, gloriae, F: glory, fame

gratia, gratiae, F: thanks

hora, horae, F: hour

imperium, imperiī, N: empire, command

iniuria, iniuriae, F: injustice, injury

inopia, inopiae, F: lack, want

īra, īrae, F: anger

iūdicium, iūdiciī, N: judgment

legātus, legātī, M: lieutenant, envoy

lingua, linguae, F: language, tongue

littera, litterae, F: letter

lupus, lupī, M: wolf

materia, materiae, F: matter, timber

memoria, memoriae, F: memory

modus, modī, M: manner, way

mora, morae, F: delay

natūra, natūrae, F: nature

officium, officiī, N: duty

opera, operae, F: work, effort

oppidum, oppidī, N: town

ōtium, ōtiī, N: leisure, pleasure

patria, patriae, F: fatherland, country

perīculum, perīculī, N: danger

pilum, pilī, N: javelin

plaustrum, plaustrī, N: cart, wagon

poena, poenae, F: penalty

praeda, praedae, F; loot, booty

praemium, praemiī, N: prize, reward

pretium, pretiī, N: price

proelium, proeliī, N: battle

provincia, provinciae, F: province

raeda, raedae, F: carriage

raedārius, raedāriī, M: coachman

ramus, ramī, M: branch

regīna, regīnae, F: queen

regnum, regnī, N: kingdom

ripa, ripae, F: shore

rivus, rivī, M: river

rota, rotae, F: wheel

rusticus, rusticī, M: peasant

sagitta, sagittae, F: arrow

saxum, saxī, N: rock

schola, scholae, F:; school

scientia, scientiae, F: knowledge

scutum, scutī, N: shield

socius, sociī, M: ally, comrade

studium, studiī, N: eagerness

telum, telī, N: weapon

terra, terrae, F: ground, land

unda, undae, F: wave

vallum, vallī, N: wall

vehiculum, vehiculī N: vehicle

verbum, verbī, N: word

victoria, victoriae, F: victory

vigilia, vigiliae, F: watch

vīlicus, vīlicī, M: overseer, farm manager

vīta, vītae, F: life

Adjectives
aequus, -a, -um: equal, fair, just

alter, altera, alterum: another

altus, -a, -um: high, tall; deep

amplus, -a, -um: large, ample

angustus, -a, -um: narrow

aureus, -a, -um: golden

barbarus, -a, -um: foreign

calidus, -a, -um: hot

certus, -a, -um: certain, sure

clarus, -a, -um: clear; famous

commodus, -a, -um: convenient

cupidus, -a, -um: desirous

dexter, dextra, dextrum: right

durus, -a, -um: hard, harsh

falsus, -a, -um: false

ferus, -a, -um: wild, fierce

finitimus, -a, -um: neighboring

firmus, -a, -um: firm, strong

frigidus, -a, -um: cold

gratus, -a, -um: pleasing, grateful

idoneus, -a, -um: suitable

infirmus, -a, -um: weak

inimīcus, -a, -um: unfriendly

insānus, -a, -um: insane

integer, integra, integrum: untouched, fresh

latus, -a, -um: wide

lentus, -a, -um: slow

līber, lībera, līberum: free

longus, -a, -um: long

madidus, -a, -um: soaking wet

niger, nigra, nigrum: black

nōtus, -a, -um: well-known; famous

nōvus, -a, -um: new

paucī, -ae, -a: a few

planus, -a, -um: level

plēnus, -a, -um: full

perīculōsus, -a, -um: dangerous

posterus, -a, -um: following

praeclarus, -a, -um: famous

prīmus, -a, -um: first

proprinquus, -a, -um: near

proximus, -a, -um: next, nearest

publicus, -a, -um: public

rectus, -a, -um: straight

sacer, sacra, sacrum: sacred

salvus, -a, -um: safe

sānus, -a, -um: sane, healthy

scelestus, -a, -um: wicked, evil

singulī, -ae, -a: one at a time

sinister, sinistra, sinistrum: left

strenuus, -a, -um: active, energetic

summus, -a, -um: highest, greatest

tardus, -a, -um: slow

ultimus, -a, -um: last, final

vacuus, -a, -um: empty

validus, -a, -um: strong

varius, -a, -um: changing, various

vērus, -a, -um: true

vicīnus, -a, -um: neighboring

vīvus, -a, -um: alive, living

Verbs
appellō, -āre, -āvī: to call

appropinquō, -āre, -āvī: to approach

cēlō, -āre, -āvī: to hide

cessō, -āre, -āvī: to do nothing

cōnvocō, -āre, -āvī: to call together

curō, -āre, -āvī: to care for

dēbeō, -ēre, debuī: to owe, ought

demonstrō, -āre, -āvī: to show, point out

errō, -āre, -āvī: to make a mistake, wander

gaudeō, -ēre: to rejoice

haereō, -ēre, haesī: to cling, stick

iubeō, -ēre, iussī: to order

mandō, -āre, -āvī: to order

mereō, -ēre: to deserve

migrō, -āre, -āvī: go depart

mittō, -ere, mīsī: to send

navigō, -āre, -āvī: to sail

occupō, -āre, -āvī: to occupy

probō, -āre, -āvī: to prove

properō, -āre, -āvī: to test

rogō, -āre, -āvī: to ask

temptō, -āre, -āvī: to try, attempt

volō, -āre, -āvī: to fly

vulnerō, -āre, -āvī: to wound